potoa

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-potoa (infinitive kupotoa)

1. to twist
2. to ruin, pervert

Conjugation

Conjugation of -potoa
Positive present -napotoa Subjunctive -potoe Negative -potoi Imperative singular potoa
Infinitives
Positive kupotoa Negative kutopotoa
Imperatives
Singular potoa Plural potoeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hupotoa Positive past positive subject concord + -lipotoa Negative past negative subject concord + -kupotoa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -napotoa) Singular Plural 1st person ninapotoa/napotoa tunapotoa 2nd person unapotoa mnapotoa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anapotoa wanapotoa other classes positive subject concord + -napotoa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -potoi) Singular Plural 1st person sipotoi hatupotoi 2nd person hupotoi hampotoi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hapotoi hawapotoi other classes negative subject concord + -potoi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tapotoa Negative future negative subject concord + -tapotoa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -potoe) Singular Plural 1st person nipotoe tupotoe 2nd person upotoe mpotoe 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apotoe wapotoe other classes positive subject concord + -potoe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sipotoe Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngepotoa Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singepotoa Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalipotoa Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalipotoa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apotoa) Singular Plural 1st person napotoa twapotoa 2nd person wapotoa mwapotoa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apotoa wapotoa m-mi(III/IV) wapotoa yapotoa ji-ma(V/VI) lapotoa yapotoa ki-vi(VII/VIII) chapotoa vyapotoa n(IX/X) yapotoa zapotoa u(XI) wapotoa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwapotoa pa(XVI) papotoa mu(XVIII) mwapotoa
Perfect positive subject concord + -mepotoa "Already" positive subject concord + -meshapotoa "Not yet" negative subject concord + -japotoa "If/When" positive subject concord + -kipotoa "If not" positive subject concord + -sipopotoa Consecutive kapotoa / positive subject concord + -kapotoa Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kapotoe
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nipotoa -tupotoa 2nd person -kupotoa -wapotoa/-kupotoeni/-wapotoeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpotoa -wapotoa m-mi(III/IV) -upotoa -ipotoa ji-ma(V/VI) -lipotoa -yapotoa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kipotoa -vipotoa n(IX/X) -ipotoa -zipotoa u(XI) -upotoa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kupotoa pa(XVI) -papotoa mu(XVIII) -mupotoa Reflexive -jipotoa
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -potoa- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -potoaye -potoao m-mi(III/IV) -potoao -potoayo ji-ma(V/VI) -potoalo -potoayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -potoacho -potoavyo n(IX/X) -potoayo -potoazo u(XI) -potoao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -potoako pa(XVI) -potoapo mu(XVIII) -potoamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -potoa) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yepotoa -opotoa m-mi(III/IV) -opotoa -yopotoa ji-ma(V/VI) -lopotoa -yopotoa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chopotoa -vyopotoa n(IX/X) -yopotoa -zopotoa u(XI) -opotoa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kopotoa pa(XVI) -popotoa mu(XVIII) -mopotoa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Causative: -potosha