Swahili edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic صَنَّفَ (ṣannafa).

Pronunciation edit

  • (file)

Verb edit

-sanifu (infinitive kusanifu)

  1. to compose with skill

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of -sanifu
Positive present -nasanifu
Subjunctive -sanifu
Negative -sanifu
Imperative singular sanifu
Infinitives
Positive kusanifu
Negative kutosanifu
Imperatives
Singular sanifu
Plural sanifuni
Tensed forms
Habitual husanifu
Positive past positive subject concord + -lisanifu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kusanifu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasanifu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninasanifu/nasanifu tunasanifu
2nd person unasanifu mnasanifu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anasanifu wanasanifu
other classes positive subject concord + -nasanifu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -sanifu)
Singular Plural
1st person sisanifu hatusanifu
2nd person husanifu hamsanifu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hasanifu hawasanifu
other classes negative subject concord + -sanifu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tasanifu
Negative future negative subject concord + -tasanifu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sanifu)
Singular Plural
1st person nisanifu tusanifu
2nd person usanifu msanifu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asanifu wasanifu
other classes positive subject concord + -sanifu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sisanifu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngesanifu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singesanifu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalisanifu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalisanifu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asanifu)
Singular Plural
1st person nasanifu twasanifu
2nd person wasanifu mwasanifu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asanifu wasanifu
m-mi(III/IV) wasanifu yasanifu
ji-ma(V/VI) lasanifu yasanifu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chasanifu vyasanifu
n(IX/X) yasanifu zasanifu
u(XI) wasanifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwasanifu
pa(XVI) pasanifu
mu(XVIII) mwasanifu
Perfect positive subject concord + -mesanifu
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshasanifu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jasanifu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kisanifu
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposanifu
Consecutive kasanifu / positive subject concord + -kasanifu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kasanifu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nisanifu -tusanifu
2nd person -kusanifu -wasanifu/-kusanifuni/-wasanifuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -msanifu -wasanifu
m-mi(III/IV) -usanifu -isanifu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lisanifu -yasanifu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kisanifu -visanifu
n(IX/X) -isanifu -zisanifu
u(XI) -usanifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kusanifu
pa(XVI) -pasanifu
mu(XVIII) -musanifu
Reflexive -jisanifu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sanifu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -sanifuye -sanifuo
m-mi(III/IV) -sanifuo -sanifuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -sanifulo -sanifuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -sanifucho -sanifuvyo
n(IX/X) -sanifuyo -sanifuzo
u(XI) -sanifuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -sanifuko
pa(XVI) -sanifupo
mu(XVIII) -sanifumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sanifu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yesanifu -osanifu
m-mi(III/IV) -osanifu -yosanifu
ji-ma(V/VI) -losanifu -yosanifu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chosanifu -vyosanifu
n(IX/X) -yosanifu -zosanifu
u(XI) -osanifu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kosanifu
pa(XVI) -posanifu
mu(XVIII) -mosanifu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Adjective edit

sanifu (invariable)

  1. standard, proper
    Kiswahili sanifuStandard Swahili
  2. artfully made

Derived terms edit