thubutu

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ثَبُتَ (ṯabuta) or Arabic ثُبُوت (ṯubūt).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

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Verb

-thubutu (infinitive kuthubutu)

1. to dare, to have the courage to do something

Conjugation

Conjugation of -thubutu
Positive present -nathubutu Subjunctive -thubutu Negative -thubutu Imperative singular thubutu
Infinitives
Positive kuthubutu Negative kutothubutu
Imperatives
Singular thubutu Plural thubutuni
Tensed forms
Habitual huthubutu Positive past positive subject concord + -lithubutu Negative past negative subject concord + -kuthubutu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nathubutu) Singular Plural 1st person ninathubutu/nathubutu tunathubutu 2nd person unathubutu mnathubutu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anathubutu wanathubutu other classes positive subject concord + -nathubutu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -thubutu) Singular Plural 1st person sithubutu hatuthubutu 2nd person huthubutu hamthubutu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hathubutu hawathubutu other classes negative subject concord + -thubutu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tathubutu Negative future negative subject concord + -tathubutu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -thubutu) Singular Plural 1st person nithubutu tuthubutu 2nd person uthubutu mthubutu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) athubutu wathubutu other classes positive subject concord + -thubutu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sithubutu Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngethubutu Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singethubutu Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalithubutu Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalithubutu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -athubutu) Singular Plural 1st person nathubutu twathubutu 2nd person wathubutu mwathubutu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) athubutu wathubutu m-mi(III/IV) wathubutu yathubutu ji-ma(V/VI) lathubutu yathubutu ki-vi(VII/VIII) chathubutu vyathubutu n(IX/X) yathubutu zathubutu u(XI) wathubutu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwathubutu pa(XVI) pathubutu mu(XVIII) mwathubutu
Perfect positive subject concord + -methubutu "Already" positive subject concord + -meshathubutu "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jathubutu "If/When" positive subject concord + -kithubutu "If not" positive subject concord + -sipothubutu Consecutive kathubutu / positive subject concord + -kathubutu Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kathubutu
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nithubutu -tuthubutu 2nd person -kuthubutu -wathubutu/-kuthubutuni/-wathubutuni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mthubutu -wathubutu m-mi(III/IV) -uthubutu -ithubutu ji-ma(V/VI) -lithubutu -yathubutu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kithubutu -vithubutu n(IX/X) -ithubutu -zithubutu u(XI) -uthubutu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuthubutu pa(XVI) -pathubutu mu(XVIII) -muthubutu Reflexive -jithubutu
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -thubutu- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -thubutuye -thubutuo m-mi(III/IV) -thubutuo -thubutuyo ji-ma(V/VI) -thubutulo -thubutuyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -thubutucho -thubutuvyo n(IX/X) -thubutuyo -thubutuzo u(XI) -thubutuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -thubutuko pa(XVI) -thubutupo mu(XVIII) -thubutumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -thubutu) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yethubutu -othubutu m-mi(III/IV) -othubutu -yothubutu ji-ma(V/VI) -lothubutu -yothubutu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chothubutu -vyothubutu n(IX/X) -yothubutu -zothubutu u(XI) -othubutu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kothubutu pa(XVI) -pothubutu mu(XVIII) -mothubutu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.