vuma

Fanagalo

Etymology

From Zulu -vuma.

Verb

vuma

1. to agree

Southern Ndebele

Verb

-vuma

1. to agree
2. to sing

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-vuma (infinitive kuvuma)

1. to growl, howl, hum, roar
2. to be talked about, to be discussed

Conjugation

Conjugation of -vuma
Positive present -navuma Subjunctive -vume Negative -vumi Imperative singular vuma
Infinitives
Positive kuvuma Negative kutovuma
Imperatives
Singular vuma Plural vumeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huvuma Positive past positive subject concord + -livuma Negative past negative subject concord + -kuvuma
Positive present (positive subject concord + -navuma) Singular Plural 1st person ninavuma/navuma tunavuma 2nd person unavuma mnavuma 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anavuma wanavuma other classes positive subject concord + -navuma
Negative present (negative subject concord + -vumi) Singular Plural 1st person sivumi hatuvumi 2nd person huvumi hamvumi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) havumi hawavumi other classes negative subject concord + -vumi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tavuma Negative future negative subject concord + -tavuma
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -vume) Singular Plural 1st person nivume tuvume 2nd person uvume mvume 3rd person m-wa(I/II) avume wavume other classes positive subject concord + -vume
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sivume Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngevuma Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singevuma Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalivuma Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalivuma
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -avuma) Singular Plural 1st person navuma twavuma 2nd person wavuma mwavuma 3rd person m-wa(I/II) avuma wavuma m-mi(III/IV) wavuma yavuma ji-ma(V/VI) lavuma yavuma ki-vi(VII/VIII) chavuma vyavuma n(IX/X) yavuma zavuma u(XI) wavuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwavuma pa(XVI) pavuma mu(XVIII) mwavuma
Perfect positive subject concord + -mevuma "Already" positive subject concord + -meshavuma "Not yet" negative subject concord + -javuma "If/When" positive subject concord + -kivuma "If not" positive subject concord + -sipovuma Consecutive kavuma / positive subject concord + -kavuma Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kavume
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nivuma -tuvuma 2nd person -kuvuma -wavuma/-kuvumeni/-wavumeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mvuma -wavuma m-mi(III/IV) -uvuma -ivuma ji-ma(V/VI) -livuma -yavuma ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kivuma -vivuma n(IX/X) -ivuma -zivuma u(XI) -uvuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuvuma pa(XVI) -pavuma mu(XVIII) -muvuma Reflexive -jivuma
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -vuma- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -vumaye -vumao m-mi(III/IV) -vumao -vumayo ji-ma(V/VI) -vumalo -vumayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -vumacho -vumavyo n(IX/X) -vumayo -vumazo u(XI) -vumao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -vumako pa(XVI) -vumapo mu(XVIII) -vumamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -vuma) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yevuma -ovuma m-mi(III/IV) -ovuma -yovuma ji-ma(V/VI) -lovuma -yovuma ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chovuma -vyovuma n(IX/X) -yovuma -zovuma u(XI) -ovuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kovuma pa(XVI) -povuma mu(XVIII) -movuma
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -vumilia
  • Causative: -vumisha (“cause commotion”)
  • Stative: -vumika (“be famous”)

• Nominal derivations:
  • mvumo (“roar, noise”)
  • uvumi (“rumbling; rumor”)

Xhosa

Verb

-vuma

1. to agree

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-vuma

1. to agree

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuvuma
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuvuma	ukungavumi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	vuma	-vume
Plural	vumani	-vumeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyavuma, ngivuma	engivumayo, engivuma	ngivuma	angivumi	engingavumi	ngingavumi
2nd singular	uyavuma, uvuma	ovumayo, ovuma	uvuma	awuvumi	ongavumi	ungavumi
1st plural	siyavuma, sivuma	esivumayo, esivuma	sivuma	asivumi	esingavumi	singavumi
2nd plural	niyavuma, nivuma	enivumayo, enivuma	nivuma	anivumi	eningavumi	ningavumi
Class 1	uyavuma, uvuma	ovumayo, ovuma	evuma	akavumi	ongavumi	engavumi
Class 2	bayavuma, bavuma	abavumayo, abavuma	bevuma	abavumi	abangavumi	bengavumi
Class 3	uyavuma, uvuma	ovumayo, ovuma	uvuma	awuvumi	ongavumi	ungavumi
Class 4	iyavuma, ivuma	evumayo, evuma	ivuma	ayivumi	engavumi	ingavumi
Class 5	liyavuma, livuma	elivumayo, elivuma	livuma	alivumi	elingavumi	lingavumi
Class 6	ayavuma, avuma	avumayo, avuma	evuma	awavumi	angavumi	engavumi
Class 7	siyavuma, sivuma	esivumayo, esivuma	sivuma	asivumi	esingavumi	singavumi
Class 8	ziyavuma, zivuma	ezivumayo, ezivuma	zivuma	azivumi	ezingavumi	zingavumi
Class 9	iyavuma, ivuma	evumayo, evuma	ivuma	ayivumi	engavumi	ingavumi
Class 10	ziyavuma, zivuma	ezivumayo, ezivuma	zivuma	azivumi	ezingavumi	zingavumi
Class 11	luyavuma, luvuma	oluvumayo, oluvuma	luvuma	aluvumi	olungavumi	lungavumi
Class 14	buyavuma, buvuma	obuvumayo, obuvuma	buvuma	abuvumi	obungavumi	bungavumi
Class 15	kuyavuma, kuvuma	okuvumayo, okuvuma	kuvuma	akuvumi	okungavumi	kungavumi
Class 17	kuyavuma, kuvuma	okuvumayo, okuvuma	kuvuma	akuvumi	okungavumi	kungavumi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngivumile, ngivumē	engivumile, engivumē	ngivumile, ngivumē	angivumanga	engingavumanga	ngingavumanga
2nd singular	uvumile, uvumē	ovumile, ovumē	uvumile, uvumē	awuvumanga	ongavumanga	ungavumanga
1st plural	sivumile, sivumē	esivumile, esivumē	sivumile, sivumē	asivumanga	esingavumanga	singavumanga
2nd plural	nivumile, nivumē	enivumile, enivumē	nivumile, nivumē	anivumanga	eningavumanga	ningavumanga
Class 1	uvumile, uvumē	ovumile, ovumē	evumile, evumē	akavumanga	ongavumanga	engavumanga
Class 2	bavumile, bavumē	abavumile, abavumē	bevumile, bevumē	abavumanga	abangavumanga	bengavumanga
Class 3	uvumile, uvumē	ovumile, ovumē	uvumile, uvumē	awuvumanga	ongavumanga	ungavumanga
Class 4	ivumile, ivumē	evumile, evumē	ivumile, ivumē	ayivumanga	engavumanga	ingavumanga
Class 5	livumile, livumē	elivumile, elivumē	livumile, livumē	alivumanga	elingavumanga	lingavumanga
Class 6	avumile, avumē	avumile, avumē	evumile, evumē	awavumanga	angavumanga	engavumanga
Class 7	sivumile, sivumē	esivumile, esivumē	sivumile, sivumē	asivumanga	esingavumanga	singavumanga
Class 8	zivumile, zivumē	ezivumile, ezivumē	zivumile, zivumē	azivumanga	ezingavumanga	zingavumanga
Class 9	ivumile, ivumē	evumile, evumē	ivumile, ivumē	ayivumanga	engavumanga	ingavumanga
Class 10	zivumile, zivumē	ezivumile, ezivumē	zivumile, zivumē	azivumanga	ezingavumanga	zingavumanga
Class 11	luvumile, luvumē	oluvumile, oluvumē	luvumile, luvumē	aluvumanga	olungavumanga	lungavumanga
Class 14	buvumile, buvumē	obuvumile, obuvumē	buvumile, buvumē	abuvumanga	obungavumanga	bungavumanga
Class 15	kuvumile, kuvumē	okuvumile, okuvumē	kuvumile, kuvumē	akuvumanga	okungavumanga	kungavumanga
Class 17	kuvumile, kuvumē	okuvumile, okuvumē	kuvumile, kuvumē	akuvumanga	okungavumanga	kungavumanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāvuma	engāvuma	ngāvuma	angivumanga	engingavumanga	ngingavumanga
2nd singular	wāvuma	owāvuma	wāvuma	awuvumanga	ongavumanga	ungavumanga
1st plural	sāvuma	esāvuma	sāvuma	asivumanga	esingavumanga	singavumanga
2nd plural	nāvuma	enāvuma	nāvuma	anivumanga	eningavumanga	ningavumanga
Class 1	wāvuma	owāvuma	āvuma	akavumanga	ongavumanga	engavumanga
Class 2	bāvuma	abāvuma	bāvuma	abavumanga	abangavumanga	bengavumanga
Class 3	wāvuma	owāvuma	wāvuma	awuvumanga	ongavumanga	ungavumanga
Class 4	yāvuma	eyāvuma	yāvuma	ayivumanga	engavumanga	ingavumanga
Class 5	lāvuma	elāvuma	lāvuma	alivumanga	elingavumanga	lingavumanga
Class 6	āvuma	āvuma	āvuma	awavumanga	angavumanga	engavumanga
Class 7	sāvuma	esāvuma	sāvuma	asivumanga	esingavumanga	singavumanga
Class 8	zāvuma	ezāvuma	zāvuma	azivumanga	ezingavumanga	zingavumanga
Class 9	yāvuma	eyāvuma	yāvuma	ayivumanga	engavumanga	ingavumanga
Class 10	zāvuma	ezāvuma	zāvuma	azivumanga	ezingavumanga	zingavumanga
Class 11	lwāvuma	olwāvuma	lwāvuma	aluvumanga	olungavumanga	lungavumanga
Class 14	bāvuma	obāvuma	bāvuma	abuvumanga	obungavumanga	bungavumanga
Class 15	kwāvuma	okwāvuma	kwāvuma	akuvumanga	okungavumanga	kungavumanga
Class 17	kwāvuma	okwāvuma	kwāvuma	akuvumanga	okungavumanga	kungavumanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingavuma	—	ngingavuma	ngingevume	—	ngingevume
2nd singular	ungavuma	—	ungavuma	ungevume	—	ungevume
1st plural	singavuma	—	singavuma	singevume	—	singevume
2nd plural	ningavuma	—	ningavuma	ningevume	—	ningevume
Class 1	angavuma	—	engavuma	angevume	—	engevume
Class 2	bangavuma	—	bengavuma	bangevume	—	bengevume
Class 3	ungavuma	—	ungavuma	ungevume	—	ungevume
Class 4	ingavuma	—	ingavuma	ingevume	—	ingevume
Class 5	lingavuma	—	lingavuma	lingevume	—	lingevume
Class 6	angavuma	—	engavuma	angevume	—	engevume
Class 7	singavuma	—	singavuma	singevume	—	singevume
Class 8	zingavuma	—	zingavuma	zingevume	—	zingevume
Class 9	ingavuma	—	ingavuma	ingevume	—	ingevume
Class 10	zingavuma	—	zingavuma	zingevume	—	zingevume
Class 11	lungavuma	—	lungavuma	lungevume	—	lungevume
Class 14	bungavuma	—	bungavuma	bungevume	—	bungevume
Class 15	kungavuma	—	kungavuma	kungevume	—	kungevume
Class 17	kungavuma	—	kungavuma	kungevume	—	kungevume
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizovuma	engizovuma	ngizovuma	angizuvuma	engingezuvuma	ngingezuvuma
2nd singular	uzovuma	ozovuma	uzovuma	awuzuvuma	ongezuvuma	ungezuvuma
1st plural	sizovuma	esizovuma	sizovuma	asizuvuma	esingezuvuma	singezuvuma
2nd plural	nizovuma	enizovuma	nizovuma	anizuvuma	eningezuvuma	ningezuvuma
Class 1	uzovuma	ozovuma	ezovuma	akazuvuma	ongezuvuma	engezuvuma
Class 2	bazovuma	abazovuma	bezovuma	abazuvuma	abangezuvuma	bengezuvuma
Class 3	uzovuma	ozovuma	uzovuma	awuzuvuma	ongezuvuma	ungezuvuma
Class 4	izovuma	ezovuma	izovuma	ayizuvuma	engezuvuma	ingezuvuma
Class 5	lizovuma	elizovuma	lizovuma	alizuvuma	elingezuvuma	lingezuvuma
Class 6	azovuma	azovuma	ezovuma	awazuvuma	angezuvuma	engezuvuma
Class 7	sizovuma	esizovuma	sizovuma	asizuvuma	esingezuvuma	singezuvuma
Class 8	zizovuma	ezizovuma	zizovuma	azizuvuma	ezingezuvuma	zingezuvuma
Class 9	izovuma	ezovuma	izovuma	ayizuvuma	engezuvuma	ingezuvuma
Class 10	zizovuma	ezizovuma	zizovuma	azizuvuma	ezingezuvuma	zingezuvuma
Class 11	luzovuma	oluzovuma	luzovuma	aluzuvuma	olungezuvuma	lungezuvuma
Class 14	buzovuma	obuzovuma	buzovuma	abuzuvuma	obungezuvuma	bungezuvuma
Class 15	kuzovuma	okuzovuma	kuzovuma	akuzuvuma	okungezuvuma	kungezuvuma
Class 17	kuzovuma	okuzovuma	kuzovuma	akuzuvuma	okungezuvuma	kungezuvuma
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyovuma	engiyovuma	ngiyovuma	angiyuvuma	engingeyuvuma	ngingeyuvuma
2nd singular	uyovuma	oyovuma	uyovuma	awuyuvuma	ongeyuvuma	ungeyuvuma
1st plural	siyovuma	esiyovuma	siyovuma	asiyuvuma	esingeyuvuma	singeyuvuma
2nd plural	niyovuma	eniyovuma	niyovuma	aniyuvuma	eningeyuvuma	ningeyuvuma
Class 1	uyovuma	oyovuma	eyovuma	akayuvuma	ongeyuvuma	engeyuvuma
Class 2	bayovuma	abayovuma	beyovuma	abayuvuma	abangeyuvuma	bengeyuvuma
Class 3	uyovuma	oyovuma	uyovuma	awuyuvuma	ongeyuvuma	ungeyuvuma
Class 4	iyovuma	eyovuma	iyovuma	ayiyuvuma	engeyuvuma	ingeyuvuma
Class 5	liyovuma	eliyovuma	liyovuma	aliyuvuma	elingeyuvuma	lingeyuvuma
Class 6	ayovuma	ayovuma	eyovuma	awayuvuma	angeyuvuma	engeyuvuma
Class 7	siyovuma	esiyovuma	siyovuma	asiyuvuma	esingeyuvuma	singeyuvuma
Class 8	ziyovuma	eziyovuma	ziyovuma	aziyuvuma	ezingeyuvuma	zingeyuvuma
Class 9	iyovuma	eyovuma	iyovuma	ayiyuvuma	engeyuvuma	ingeyuvuma
Class 10	ziyovuma	eziyovuma	ziyovuma	aziyuvuma	ezingeyuvuma	zingeyuvuma
Class 11	luyovuma	oluyovuma	luyovuma	aluyuvuma	olungeyuvuma	lungeyuvuma
Class 14	buyovuma	obuyovuma	buyovuma	abuyuvuma	obungeyuvuma	bungeyuvuma
Class 15	kuyovuma	okuyovuma	kuyovuma	akuyuvuma	okungeyuvuma	kungeyuvuma
Class 17	kuyovuma	okuyovuma	kuyovuma	akuyuvuma	okungeyuvuma	kungeyuvuma
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngivume	ngingavumi
2nd singular	uvume	ungavumi
1st plural	sivume	singavumi
2nd plural	nivume	ningavumi
Class 1	avume	angavumi
Class 2	bavume	bangavumi
Class 3	uvume	ungavumi
Class 4	ivume	ingavumi
Class 5	livume	lingavumi
Class 6	avume	angavumi
Class 7	sivume	singavumi
Class 8	zivume	zingavumi
Class 9	ivume	ingavumi
Class 10	zivume	zingavumi
Class 11	luvume	lungavumi
Class 14	buvume	bungavumi
Class 15	kuvume	kungavumi
Class 17	kuvume	kungavumi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngavuma	ngangavuma, angavuma, angangavuma
2nd singular	wavuma	wangavuma, awavuma, awangavuma
1st plural	savuma	sangavuma, asavuma, asangavuma
2nd plural	navuma	nangavuma, anavuma, anangavuma
Class 1	wavuma	wangavuma, akavuma, akangavuma
Class 2	bavuma	bangavuma, abavuma, abangavuma
Class 3	wavuma	wangavuma, awavuma, awangavuma
Class 4	yavuma	yangavuma, ayavuma, ayangavuma
Class 5	lavuma	langavuma, alavuma, alangavuma
Class 6	avuma	angavuma, awavuma, awangavuma
Class 7	savuma	sangavuma, asavuma, asangavuma
Class 8	zavuma	zangavuma, azavuma, azangavuma
Class 9	yavuma	yangavuma, ayavuma, ayangavuma
Class 10	zavuma	zangavuma, azavuma, azangavuma
Class 11	lwavuma	lwangavuma, alwavuma, alwangavuma
Class 14	bavuma	bangavuma, abavuma, abangavuma
Class 15	kwavuma	kwangavuma, akwavuma, akwangavuma
Class 17	kwavuma	kwangavuma, akwavuma, akwangavuma