かたぎ
Japanese
editEtymology 1
editAlternative spelling |
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堅木 |
Compound of 堅 (kata, “hard”) + 木 (ki, “wood”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editEtymology 2
editAlternative spellings |
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形木 模 |
Compound of 形 (kata, “shape; form”) + 木 (ki, “wood”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- carving wooden block used to dye patterns on cloth, paper, etc.
- printing wooden block
- Synonym: はんぎ (hangi)
- model; pattern
Etymology 3
editAlternative spelling |
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堅気 |
Compound of 堅 (kata, “hard”) + 気 (ki, “spirit; nature”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editかたぎ • (katagi) -na (adnominal かたぎな (katagi na na), adverbial かたぎに (katagi ni ni))
Inflection
editInflection of かたぎ
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | かたぎだろ | katagi daro | |
Continuative (連用形) | かたぎで | katagi de | |
Terminal (終止形) | かたぎだ | katagi da | |
Attributive (連体形) | かたぎな | katagi na | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | かたぎなら | katagi nara | |
Imperative (命令形) | かたぎであれ | katagi de are | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | かたぎではない かたぎじゃない |
katagi de wa nai katagi ja nai | |
Informal past | かたぎだった | katagi datta | |
Informal negative past | かたぎではなかった かたぎじゃなかった |
katagi de wa nakatta katagi ja nakatta | |
Formal | かたぎです | katagi desu | |
Formal negative | かたぎではありません かたぎじゃありません |
katagi de wa arimasen katagi ja arimasen | |
Formal past | かたぎでした | katagi deshita | |
Formal negative past | かたぎではありませんでした かたぎじゃありませんでした |
katagi de wa arimasen deshita katagi ja arimasen deshita | |
Conjunctive | かたぎで | katagi de | |
Conditional | かたぎなら(ば) | katagi nara (ba) | |
Provisional | かたぎだったら | katagi dattara | |
Volitional | かたぎだろう | katagi darō | |
Adverbial | かたぎに | katagi ni | |
Degree | かたぎさ | katagisa |
Noun
edit- a decent occupation, as opposed to yakuza, prostitute, geisha, etc.; a person in a decent occupation
Etymology 4
editAlternative spellings |
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気質 形気 容気 |
Semantic shift from 形木 (katagi, see Etymology 2 above).[1][2][3][4] The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editDerived terms
edit- 職人気質 (shokunin katagi)
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN