かたぎ
Japanese edit
Etymology 1 edit
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 堅木 |
Compound of 堅 (kata, “hard”) + 木 (ki, “wood”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Etymology 2 edit
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 形木 模 |
Compound of 形 (kata, “shape; form”) + 木 (ki, “wood”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- carving wooden block used to dye patterns on cloth, paper, etc.
- printing wooden block
- Synonym: はんぎ (hangi)
- model; pattern
Etymology 3 edit
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 堅気 |
Compound of 堅 (kata, “hard”) + 気 (ki, “spirit; nature”). The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
かたぎ • (katagi) -na (adnominal かたぎな (katagi na na), adverbial かたぎに (katagi ni ni))
Inflection edit
Inflection of かたぎ
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | かたぎだろ | katagi daro | |
| Continuative (連用形) | かたぎで | katagi de | |
| Terminal (終止形) | かたぎだ | katagi da | |
| Attributive (連体形) | かたぎな | katagi na | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | かたぎなら | katagi nara | |
| Imperative (命令形) | かたぎであれ | katagi de are | |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | かたぎではない かたぎじゃない |
katagi de wa nai katagi ja nai | |
| Informal past | かたぎだった | katagi datta | |
| Informal negative past | かたぎではなかった かたぎじゃなかった |
katagi de wa nakatta katagi ja nakatta | |
| Formal | かたぎです | katagi desu | |
| Formal negative | かたぎではありません かたぎじゃありません |
katagi de wa arimasen katagi ja arimasen | |
| Formal past | かたぎでした | katagi deshita | |
| Formal negative past | かたぎではありませんでした かたぎじゃありませんでした |
katagi de wa arimasen deshita katagi ja arimasen deshita | |
| Conjunctive | かたぎで | katagi de | |
| Conditional | かたぎなら（ば） | katagi nara (ba) | |
| Provisional | かたぎだったら | katagi dattara | |
| Volitional | かたぎだろう | katagi darō | |
| Adverbial | かたぎに | katagi ni | |
| Degree | かたぎさ | katagisa | |
Noun edit
- a decent occupation, as opposed to yakuza, prostitute, geisha, etc.; a person in a decent occupation
Etymology 4 edit
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 気質 形気 容気 |
Semantic shift from 形木 (katagi, see Etymology 2 above).[1][2][3][4] The ki changes to gi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN