不忍

Chinese

		not; no	to bear; to endure; to tolerate
trad. (不忍)		不	忍
simp. #(不忍)		不	忍

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bùrěn

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bat¹ jan²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): put-lím / put-jím

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bùrěn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bùrěn
    • Wade–Giles: pu⁴-jên³
    • Yale: bù-rěn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bureen
    • Palladius: бужэнь (bužɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu⁵¹ ʐən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bat¹ jan²
    • Yale: bāt yán
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bat⁷ jan²
    • Guangdong Romanization: bed¹ yen²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐt̚⁵ jɐn³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: put-lím
    • Tâi-lô: put-lím
    • Phofsit Daibuun: putliem
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /put̚⁵⁻²⁴ lim⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /put̚³²⁻⁴ lim⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: put-jím
    • Tâi-lô: put-jím
    • Phofsit Daibuun: putjiem
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /put̚³²⁻⁴ zim⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /put̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zim⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: pjuw|pjuwX|pjut nyinX

Rime
Character	不	不	不	忍
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	尤 (136)	物 (60)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III	III
Fanqie	甫鳩切	方久切	分勿切	而軫切
Baxter	pjuw	pjuwX	pjut	nyinX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨu/	/pɨuX/	/pɨut̚/	/ȵiɪnX/
Pan Wuyun	/piu/	/piuX/	/piut̚/	/ȵinX/
Shao Rongfen	/piəu/	/piəuX/	/piuət̚/	/ȵʑjenX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puw/	/puwX/	/put̚/	/ȵinX/
Li Rong	/piu/	/piuX/	/piuət̚/	/ȵiĕnX/
Wang Li	/pĭəu/	/pĭəuX/	/pĭuət̚/	/ȵʑĭĕnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯ə̯u/	/pi̯ə̯uX/	/pi̯uət̚/	/ȵʑi̯ĕnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fōu	fǒu	fu	rěn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fau1	fau2	fat1	jan5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pə  nə[n]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pɯ|pɯʔ|pɯ'  njɯnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	不	忍	忍
Reading #	1/2	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bù	rěn	rěn
Middle Chinese	‹ pjuw ›	‹ nyinX ›	‹ nyinX ›
Old Chinese	/*pə/	/*nə[n]ʔ/	/*nə[n]ʔ/
English	not	cruel	endure
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	不	不	不	忍
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
No.	1025	1029	1048	10828
Phonetic component	不	不	不	刃
Rime group	之	之	物	文
Rime subdivision	0	0	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	不	缶	弗	忍
Old Chinese	/*pɯ/	/*pɯʔ/	/*pɯ'/	/*njɯnʔ/
Notes		象花柎與本同源	中古才促化

Verb

不忍

1. cannot bear to

Derived terms

• 不忍坐視／不忍坐视 (bùrěnzuòshì)
• 慘不忍睹／惨不忍睹 (cǎnbùrěndǔ)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
不	忍
しのばず
Grade: 4	Grade: S
jukujikun

Etymology

From 忍(しの)ばず (shinobazu), negative continuative form of the verb 忍(しの)ぶ (shinobu, “to conceal, hide; to endure, bear”). The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 不忍 (bùrěn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɕino̞ba̠zɨ]

Proper noun

不忍(しのばず) • (Shinobazu) 

1. a surname

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
不	忍

Adjective

不忍

1. chữ Hán form of bất nhẫn.