Chinese

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letter; true; to believe
letter; true; to believe; sign; evidence
 
to make; to cause; to enable
to make; to cause; to enable; to use; to employ; messenger
 
simp. and trad.
(信使)
使

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 使
Reading # 1/1 2/2
Initial () (16) (21)
Final () (43) (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter sinH sriH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/siɪnH/ /ʃɨH/
Pan
Wuyun
/sinH/ /ʃɨH/
Shao
Rongfen
/sjenH/ /ʃieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/sinH/ /ʂɨH/
Li
Rong
/siĕnH/ /ʃiəH/
Wang
Li
/sĭĕnH/ /ʃĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯ĕnH/ /ʂiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xìn shì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
san3 si3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 使
Reading # 1/1 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xìn shǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ sinH › ‹ sriH ›
Old
Chinese
/*s-ni[ŋ]-s/ /*s-rəʔ-s/
English truthful envoy

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 使
Reading # 1/1 2/2
No. 13849 11491
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 0
Corresponding
MC rime
𩢲
Old
Chinese
/*hljins/ /*srɯs/
Notes
使

Noun

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信使

  1. courier; messenger
  2. (biochemistry) messenger (molecule)

Synonyms

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  • (courier): (literary, or in compounds) (xìn)

Derived terms

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