注

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

注 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水卜土 (EYG), four-corner 3011₄, composition ⿰氵主)

Stroke order
Japan

Derived charactersEdit

𮊈, 𥦠, 霔, 乼, 㗟

Related charactersEdit

註 (Variant traditional form)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 618, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17316
Dae Jaweon: page 1013, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1592, character 1
Unihan data for U+6CE8

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (主) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
飳	*tʰoːʔ
妵	*tʰoːʔ
黈	*tʰoːʔ
蘣	*tʰoːʔ
罜	doːɡ, tjos
拄	*toʔ
柱	toʔ, doʔ
駐	*tos
註	tos, tjos
鉒	*tos
軴	*tos
住	tos, dos
跓	*doʔ
嵀	*doʔ
主	*tjoʔ
麈	*tjoʔ
宔	*tjoʔ
炷	tjoʔ, tjos
注	*tjos
疰	*tjos
蛀	*tjos
霔	*tjos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjos): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ).

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.		注

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhù (zhu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chu

(Meixian, Guangdong): zu⁴
Min Dong (BUC): cé̤ṳ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tù / chù

(Teochew, Peng'im): du³ / zu³
Wu (Wiktionary): ²tsr

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
  - Wade–Giles: chu⁴
  - Yale: jù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
  - Palladius: чжу (čžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zyu³
  - Yale: jyu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzy³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ju³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃyː³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chu
  - Hakka Romanization System: zu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡su⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡su⁵³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡søy²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tù
  - Tâi-lô: tù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dux
  - IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei): /tu¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tu²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chù
  - Tâi-lô: tsù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zux
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡su²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡su⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei): /t͡su¹¹/

Note:

tù - vernacular (“stake; classifier”);
chù - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: du³ / zu³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tù / tsù
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu²¹³/, /t͡su²¹³/

Note:

du3 - vernacular;
zu3 - literary.

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ²tsr
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨo^H/

Rime
Character	注
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之戍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨo^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕio^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕio^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuə̆^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕio^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tro(ʔ)-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjos/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	注
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhù
Middle Chinese	‹ trju^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tro(ʔ)-s/
English	to conduct water
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	注
Reading #	1/1
No.	17622
Phonetic component	主
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	注
Old Chinese	/*tjos/

DefinitionsEdit

注

to pour into; to fill
注射 ― zhùshè ― injection

注入 ― zhùrù ― to pour into
to concentrate; to pay attention
注視／注视 ― zhùshì ― to look attentively

專注／专注 ― zhuānzhù ― to concentrate completely

注意 ― zhùyì ― to pay attention
(gambling) stake
賭注／赌注 ― dǔzhù ― stake
Classifier for sums of money, business deals.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 注

下注 (xiàzhù)
令人注目
出注
加注 (jiāzhù)
古今注
合注
命中注定
大雨如注 (dàyǔrúzhù)
孤注
孤辰合注
小注
引人注目 (yǐnrénzhùmù)
批注
投注 (tóuzhù)
押注
挹彼注此
挹注 (yìzhù)
旁注
水注
注塑 (zhùsù)
注子
注定
注射 (zhùshè)
注射器 (zhùshèqì)
注射筒 (zhùshètǒng)
注意 (zhùyì)
注意力 (zhùyìlì)
注慕
注文 (zhùwén)
注明 (zhùmíng)
注本

注水 (zhùshuǐ)
注疏
注目 (zhùmù)
注色
注解
注重 (zhùzhòng)
注音
流注
浥注
灌注 (guànzhù)
灌注器 (guànzhùqì)
皮下注射
眷注
肌肉注射 (jīròu zhùshè)
自注
血流如注 (xuèliúrúzhù)
起居注
跗注
酒注子
附注 (fùzhù)
集注 (jízhù)
中注模樣／中注模样
備注／备注
傾注／倾注 (qīngzhù)
傾耳注目／倾耳注目
儀注／仪注
全神貫注／全神贯注 (quánshénguànzhù)
單注著／单注著
天緣注定／天缘注定
夾注／夹注
夾注號／夹注号

孤注一擲／孤注一掷 (gūzhùyīzhì)
專注／专注 (zhuānzhù)
心神專注／心神专注
懸河注水／悬河注水
懸河注火／悬河注火
挹彼注茲／挹彼注兹 (yìbǐzhùzī)
標注／标注
水經注／水经注
注兒／注儿
注射劑／注射剂 (zhùshèjì)
注目禮／注目礼 (zhùmùlǐ)
注腳／注脚
注視／注视 (zhùshì)
注資／注资 (zhùzī)
注釋／注释 (zhùshì)
注銷／注销
注音符號／注音符号 (zhùyīn fúhào)
秤斤注兩／秤斤注两
穩吃三注／稳吃三注
箋注／笺注
腳注／脚注
評注／评注
詮注／诠注
豐注／丰注
貫注／贯注 (guànzhù)
賭注／赌注 (dǔzhù)
轉注／转注 (zhuǎnzhù)
這注／这注
關注／关注 (guānzhù)
靜脈注射／静脉注射 (jìngmài zhùshè)
預防注射／预防注射

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 注 – see 註 (“to annotate; to comment; to record; to register; etc.”). (This character, 注, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 註.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

JapaneseEdit

See also 注する

Shinjitai	注
Kyūjitai ^[1]^[2]^[3]	注󠄁 注+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	注󠄄 注+`󠄄`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

KanjiEdit

注

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

to pour
(replacing 註) to place an order (as in 注文)

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: す (su)^{←す (su, historical)}
Kan-on: しゅ (shu)^{←しゆ (syu, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyū, historical)}
Kun: そそぐ (sosogu, 注ぐ, Jōyō); さす (sasu, 注す); つぐ (tsugu, 注ぐ)

CompoundsEdit

注(ちゅう)意(い) (chūi)
注(ちゅう)加(か) (chūka)
注(ちゅう)解(かい) (chūkai) (註(ちゅう)解(かい))
注(ちゅう)眼(がん) (chūgan)
注(ちゅう)記(き) (chūki) (註(ちゅう)記(き))
注(ちゅう)脚(きゃく) (chūkyaku) (註(ちゅう)脚(きゃく))
注(ちゅう)口(こう) (chūkō)
注(ちゅう)告(こく) (chūkoku)
注(ちゅう)思(し) (chūshi)
注(ちゅう)視(し) (chūshi)
注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) (chūsha)
注(ちゅう)瀉(しゃ) (chūsha)
注(ちゅう)釈(しゃく) (chūshaku) (註(ちゅう)釈(しゃく))
注(ちゅう)集(しゅう) (chūshū)
注(ちゅう)進(しん) (chūshin)
注(ちゅう)水(すい) (chūsui)
注(ちゅう)説(せつ) (chūsetsu) (註(ちゅう)説(せつ))
注(ちゅう)染(せん) (chūsen)
注(ちゅう)疏(そ) (chūso) (註(ちゅう)疏(そ))
注(ちゅう)腸(ちょう) (chūchō)
注(ちゅう)入(にゅう) (chūnyū)
注(ちゅう)文(ぶん) (chūbun)
注(ちゅう)本(ぼん) (chūbon) (註(ちゅう)本(ぼん))
注(ちゅう)目(もく) (chūmoku)
注(ちゅう)文(もん) (chūmon) (註(ちゅう)文(もん))
注(ちゅう)油(ゆ) (chūyu)
注(ちゅう)流(りゅう) (chūryū)
注(ちゅう)力(りょく) (chūryoku)
注(ちゅう)連(れん) (chūren)
逸(いっ)注(ちゅう) (itchū)
雨(う)注(ちゅう) (uchū)
外(がい)注(ちゅう) (gaichū)
冠(かん)注(ちゅう) (kanchū)
勘(かん)注(ちゅう) (kanchū)
灌(かん)注(ちゅう) (kanchū)
脚(きゃく)注(ちゅう) (kyakuchū) (脚(きゃく)註(ちゅう)): footnote
傾(けい)注(ちゅう) (keichū)
原(げん)注(ちゅう) (genchū) (原(げん)註(ちゅう))
古(こ)注(ちゅう) (kochū) (古(こ)註(ちゅう))
語(ご)注(ちゅう) (gochū) (語(ご)註(ちゅう))
校(こう)注(ちゅう) (kōchū) (校(こう)註(ちゅう))
左(さ)注(ちゅう) (sachū) (左(さ)註(ちゅう))
自(じ)注(ちゅう) (jichū) (自(じ)註(ちゅう))
集(しっ)注(ちゅう) (shitchū) (集(しっ)註(ちゅう))
受(じゅ)注(ちゅう) (juchū) (受(じゅ)註(ちゅう))
集(しゅう)注(ちゅう) (shūchū) (集(しゅう)註(ちゅう))
詳(しょう)注(ちゅう) (shōchū) (詳(しょう)註(ちゅう))
新(しん)注(ちゅう) (shinchū) (新(しん)註(ちゅう))
箋(せん)注(ちゅう) (senchū) (箋(せん)註(ちゅう))
疏(そ)注(ちゅう) (sochū) (疏(そ)註(ちゅう))
頭(とう)注(ちゅう) (tōchū) (頭(とう)註(ちゅう))
特(とく)注(ちゅう) (tokuchū) (特(とく)註(ちゅう))
発(はっ)注(ちゅう) (hatchū)
評(ひょう)注(ちゅう) (hyōchū) (評(ひょう)註(ちゅう))
標(ひょう)注(ちゅう) (hyōchū) (標(ひょう)註(ちゅう))
付(ふ)注(ちゅう) (fuchū) (附(ふ)註(ちゅう))
分(ぶん)注(ちゅう) (bunchū) (分(ぶん)註(ちゅう))
編(へん)注(ちゅう) (henchū) (編(へん)註(ちゅう))
補(ほ)注(ちゅう) (hochū) (補(ほ)註(ちゅう))
傍(ぼう)注(ちゅう) (bōchū) (旁(ぼう)註(ちゅう))
訳(やく)注(ちゅう) (yakuchū) (訳(やく)註(ちゅう))
脇(わき)注(ちゅう) (wakichū) (脇(わき)註(ちゅう))
割注(わりちゅう) (warichū) (割註(わりちゅう))

EtymologyEdit

Kanji in this term
注
ちゅう Grade: 3
kan’yōon

Alternative spelling
註

From Middle Chinese 注 (MC t͡ɕɨo^H).

PronunciationEdit

(Tokyo) ちゅう [chùú] (Heiban – [0])^[4]^[5]
IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɨᵝː]

NounEdit

注(ちゅう) • (chū) ^{←ちゆう (tyū)^?}

annotation, note

ReferencesEdit

^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “注”, in 字通普及版 (Jitsū fukyūban, “Jitsū trade edition”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
^ 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1264 (paper), page 683 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
^ 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 748 (paper), page 387 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
^ 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

注 (eumhun 부을 주 (bueul ju))

Hanja form^? of 주 (“pour”).

CompoundsEdit

주유 (注油, juyu, “refueling”)
주입 (注入, ju'ip, “injection”)

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

注: Hán Nôm readings: chú, chõ, giú, chua

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

Nom Foundation

[1] 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “注”, in 字通普及版 (Jitsū fukyūban, “Jitsū trade edition”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN

[2] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1264 (paper), page 683 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

[3] 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 748 (paper), page 387 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)

[SMK7-4] 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-5] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]