皇皇

Chinese

		emperor; surname	emperor; surname
simp. and trad. (皇皇)		皇	皇

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): huánghuáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wong⁴ wong⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huánghuáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huánghuáng
    • Wade–Giles: huang²-huang²
    • Yale: hwáng-hwáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwanghwang
    • Palladius: хуанхуан (xuanxuan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wong⁴ wong⁴
    • Yale: wòhng wòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wong⁴ wong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wong⁴ wong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔːŋ²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: hwang hwang

Rime
Character	皇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡光切
Baxter	hwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwaŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣwɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wong4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤaŋ  [ɢ]ʷˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaːŋ  ɡʷaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皇	皇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huáng	huáng
Middle Chinese	‹ hwang ›	‹ hwang ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/	/*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/
English	yellow and white spotted	sovereign
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皇
Reading #	1/1
No.	12696
Phonetic component	王
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	黃
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷaːŋ/
Notes	禮王制鄭注冕屬， 金文象羽冠，王聲；或雲象日射輝則爲暀晃初文

Adjective

皇皇

1. (literary, ideophonic) magnificent; glorious; majestic; splendid
2. (literary, ideophonic) brilliant; shining; radiant
3. (literary, ideophonic) vast; wide-reaching
4. (literary, ideophonic) Alternative form of 惶惶 (huánghuáng, “anxious; uneasy”)
5. (literary, ideophonic) Alternative form of 惶惶 (huánghuáng, “hurried; hasty”)

Synonyms

• (magnificent):

• 奭 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 富盛 (fùshèng) (literary)
• 張皇／张皇 (zhānghuáng) (literary)
• 浩大 (hàodà)
• 盛大 (shèngdà)
• 籍甚 (jíshèn) (literary)
• 隆重 (lóngzhòng)
• 麃麃 (biāobiāo) (literary)

 

Derived terms

• 人心皇皇
• 倉倉皇皇／仓仓皇皇
• 堂堂皇皇
• 文武皇皇
• 汲汲皇皇
• 皇皇不可終日／皇皇不可终日
• 皇皇后帝
• 皇皇汲汲
• 皇皇矞矞

 

Korean

Hanja in this term
皇	皇

Noun

皇皇 • (hwanghwang) (hangeul 황황)

1. Hanja form^? of 황황 (“beautiful and holy figure”).