雲
See also: 云
Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
雲 (radical 173 雨+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一月一一戈 (MBMMI), four-corner 10731, composition ⿱⻗云)
- Shuōwén Jiězì radical №423
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1372, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42235
- Dae Jaweon: page 1879, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4058, character 9
- Unihan data for U+96F2
ChineseEdit
| trad. | 雲 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 云 | |
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 雲
|
|
|---|---|
| Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢun): semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 云 (OC *ɢun). Radical added to 云 to distinguish from the borrowed sense of “to speak”.
EtymologyEdit
Very few outside cognates exist. Starostin compares it with Mizo vân (“sky, the skies, heaven”) and Karbi inghun (“cloud”).
Alternatively, this is a derivation from a root meaning “to revolve”. Compare 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to move”), 回 (OC *ɡuːl, “to whirl, to circle”) (Schuessler, 2007).
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wan4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùn
- Min Dong (BUC): hùng
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhyn (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˊ
- Wade-Giles: yün2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yun
- IPA (key): /yn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: wan4
- Yale: wàhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: wan4
- IPA (key): /wɐn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
- Hakka Romanization System: iunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yun2
- IPA: /i̯un¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yun2
- IPA: /(j)i̯un¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hùng
- IPA (key): /huŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûn
- Tâi-lô: ûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: uun
- IPA (Xiamen): /un²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /un²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: în
- Tâi-lô: în
- Phofsit Daibuun: iin
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /in¹³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hûn
- Tâi-lô: hûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: huun
- IPA (Taipei): /hun²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun¹³/
- Note: hûn - vernacular; ûn/în - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hung5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hûng
- IPA (key): /huŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhyn (T3)
- IPA (key): /ɦʏɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
-
Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 雲 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /yn³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /yn²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /yn⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /yẽ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /yə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /yn⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /yẽ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /yə̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /yŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ỹn⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /yŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /yn²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /yn³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /in²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ĩ³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /yn²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /yn⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /yəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /yŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ỹŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦyŋ²³/ /ɦioŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ɦyən¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɦyn²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /joŋ³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /yʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /yan⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /yn¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /yn¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /yn⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iun¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒuŋ¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wɐn²¹/ |
| Nanning | /wɐn²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /wɐn²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /un³⁵/ /hun³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /huŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /œyŋ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /huŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /zun³¹/ /hun³¹/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 王分切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦɨun/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦiun/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣiuən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦun/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣiuən/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣĭuən/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/i̯uən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yún |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yún |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hjun › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɢ]ʷə[n]/ |
| English | cloud |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16358 |
| Phonetic component |
云 |
| Rime group |
文 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
雲 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɢun/ |
DefinitionsEdit
雲
- cloud (Classifier: 朵 m; 嚿 c)
- (computing) cloud
- (figuratively) many; numerous
- Short for 雲南／云南 (Yúnnán, “Yunnan”).
- A surname.
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 雲
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
雲
ReadingsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
|
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雲 |
| くも Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi |
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
|
ReferencesEdit
- ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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