雲
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See also: 云
Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
雲 (radical 173 雨+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一月一一戈 (MBMMI), four-corner 10731, composition ⿱⻗云)
- Shuōwén Jiězì radical №423
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1372, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42235
- Dae Jaweon: page 1879, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4058, character 9
- Unihan data for U+96F2
ChineseEdit
| trad. | 雲 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 云 | |
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 雲
|
|
|---|---|
| Large seal script | Small seal script |
 |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (云) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 魂 | *ɢuːn |
| 沄 | *ɢuːn, *ɢun |
| 忶 | *ɢuːn, *ɢuns |
| 囩 | *ɢun |
| 夽 | *ŋunʔ |
| 雲 | *ɢun |
| 芸 | *ɢun |
| 耘 | *ɢun |
| 妘 | *ɢun |
| 紜 | *ɢun |
| 云 | *ɢun |
| 耺 | *ɢun |
| 蕓 | *ɢun |
| 澐 | *ɢun |
| 橒 | *ɢun |
| 抎 | *ɢunʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢun): semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 云 (OC *ɢun). Radical added to 云 to distinguish from the borrowed sense of “to speak”.
EtymologyEdit
Very few outside cognates exist. Starostin compares it with Mizo vân (“sky, the skies, heaven”) and Karbi inghun (“cloud”).
Alternatively, this is a derivation from a root meaning “to revolve”. Compare 運 (OC *ɢuns, “to move”), 回 (OC *ɡuːl, “to whirl, to circle”) (Schuessler, 2007).
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wan4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùn
- Min Dong (BUC): hùng
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhyn (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˊ
- Wade-Giles: yün2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yun
- IPA (key): /yn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: wan4
- Yale: wàhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: wan4
- Guangdong Romanization: wen4
- IPA (key): /wɐn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
- Hakka Romanization System: iunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yun2
- IPA: /i̯un¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yun2
- IPA: /(j)i̯un¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hùng
- IPA (key): /huŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
Note:
- hûn - vernacular;
- ûn/în - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hung5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hûng
- IPA (key): /huŋ⁵⁵/
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhyn (T3)
- IPA (key): /ɦʏɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
-
Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 雲 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /yn³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /yn²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /yn⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /yẽ⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /yə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /yn⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /yẽ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /yə̃²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /yŋ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ỹn⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /yŋ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /yn²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /yn³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /in²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /ĩ³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /yn²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /yn⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /yəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /yŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ỹŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦyŋ²³/ /ɦioŋ²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ɦyən¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɦyn²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /joŋ³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /yʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /yan⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /yn¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /yn¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /yn⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iun¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒuŋ¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wɐn²¹/ |
| Nanning | /wɐn²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /wɐn²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /un³⁵/ /hun³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /huŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /œyŋ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /huŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /zun³¹/ /hun³¹/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 王分切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦɨun/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦiun/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣiuən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦun/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣiuən/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣĭuən/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/i̯uən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yún |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yún |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ hjun › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ɢ]ʷə[n]/ |
| English | cloud |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16358 |
| Phonetic component |
云 |
| Rime group |
文 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
雲 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɢun/ |
DefinitionsEdit
雲
- cloud (Classifier: 朵 m; 嚿 c)
- (computing) cloud
- (figuratively) many; numerous
- Short for 雲南／云南 (Yúnnán, “Yunnan”).
- A surname.
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 雲
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
雲
ReadingsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 雲合い (kumoai): look of the sky
- 雲脚 (unkyaku), 雲脚 (kumoashi) cloud movements; overhanging clouds
- 雲鑼 (unra): yunluo
- 雲足 (kumoashi): movement of clouds
- 雲居 (kumoi), 雲 (kumoi): cloud, distant place, high place
- 雲霞 (unka): cloud and mist; swarm
- 雲霞 (kumokasumi): cloud and mist; the condition of a vanishment being into thin air; swarm
- 雲を霞 (kumo o kasumi): the condition of a vanishment being into thin air
- 雲隠れ (kumogakure): disappearance
- 雲形 (kumogata), 雲形 (unkei): cloud formations; cloud-shaped
- 雲形定規 (kumogatajōgi): French curve
- 雲助 (kumosuke): palanquin bearer
- 雲助根性 (kumosukekonjō): predatory nature; rapacious disposition
- 雲突く (kumotsuku): to tower
- 雲の上 (kumo no ue): above the clouds; the Imperial Court
- 雲間 (kumoma): rift between clouds
- 雲間に現れた月 (kumoma ni arawareta tsuki): moon peeping from behind the clouds
- 雲行き (kumoyuki): weather; look of the sky; situation
- 雲行きが怪しい (kumoyuki ga ayashii): the clouds look menacing; things don't look good
- 雲脂 (fuke): dandruff
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雲 |
| くも Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi |
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
- 曇る (kumoru)
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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