綱

綱 U+7DB1, 綱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DB1 ← 綰 [U+7DB0] CJK Unified Ideographs 網 → [U+7DB2]

See also: 纲

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

綱 (radical 120 糸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 女火月廿山 (VFBTU), four-corner 2792₀, composition ⿰糹岡)

1. heavy rope, hawser
2. main points
3. (biological classification) class

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 927, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27576
• Dae Jaweon: page 1364, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3414, character 5
• Unihan data for U+7DB1

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ChineseEdit

trad.		綱
simp.		纲

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (岡) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
岡	*klaːŋ
崗	*klaːŋ
剛	*klaːŋ
掆	*klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
鋼	*klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
綱	*klaːŋ
犅	*klaːŋ
堈	*klaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *klaːŋ): semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ).

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gāng (gang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gong¹
• Min Nan (POJ): kong / kang

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: gāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄤ
    • Wade-Giles: kang¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gang
    • IPA ^(key): /kɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gong¹
    • Yale: gōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gong¹
    • IPA ^(key): /kɔːŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong / kang
    • Tâi-lô: kong / kang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kofng, kafng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/, /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³/, /kaŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/, /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/, /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/, /kaŋ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /kɑŋ/▼

Rime
Character	綱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古郎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaŋ/
Li Rong	/kɑŋ/
Wang Li	/kɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gāng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*kˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*klaːŋ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	綱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gāng
Middle Chinese	‹ kang ›
Old Chinese	/*kˤaŋ/
English	guiding rope of net
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	綱
Reading #	1/1
No.	3716
Phonetic component	岡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	岡
Old Chinese	/*klaːŋ/

NounEdit

綱

1. guiding principle
2. essential part, key part
3. program, outline
4. (taxonomy) class
5. (archaic) headrope, main rope of a fishing net

CompoundsEdit

• 大綱／大纲 (dàgāng, “outline”)
• 提綱／提纲 (tígāng, “summary”)
• 綱領／纲领 (gānglǐng, “doctrine”)
• 政綱／政纲 (zhènggāng)

ReferencesEdit

• 綱 in CEDICT on MDBG

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

綱

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: こう (kō)
• Kan’on: こう (kō)
• Kun: つな (tsuna)

Kanji in this term
綱
つな Grade: S
kun'yomi

PronunciationEdit

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) つな​ [tsùnáꜜ] (Odaka - [2])
  • IPA^(key): [t͡sɨᵝna̠]

NounEdit

綱 (hiragana つな, rōmaji tsuna)

1. rope
2. tsuna; ceremonial sumo belt

ReferencesEdit

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

綱 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune-Reischauer kang, Yale kang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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OkinawanEdit

KanjiEdit

綱

• Kun: ちな (china)

EtymologyEdit

Cognate with mainland Japanese 綱 (tsuna).

NounEdit

綱 (hiragana ちな, romaji china)

1. rope

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

綱 (cương, cáng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.