綱

See also: 纲

綱 U+7DB1, 綱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DB1 ← 綰 [U+7DB0] CJK Unified Ideographs 網 → [U+7DB2]

Contents

Translingual

Han character

綱 (radical 120, 糸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 女火月廿山 (VFBTU), four-corner 2792₀, composition ⿰糹岡)

References

• KangXi: page 927, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27576
• Dae Jaweon: page 1364, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3414, character 5
• Unihan data for U+7DB1

---

Chinese

trad.		綱
simp.		纲

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (岡) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
岡	*klaːŋ
崗	*klaːŋ
剛	*klaːŋ
掆	*klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
鋼	*klaːŋ, *klaːŋs
綱	*klaːŋ
犅	*klaːŋ
堈	*klaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *klaːŋ): semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gāng (gang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gong¹
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kong / kang

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gang¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: gāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄤ
    • Wade–Giles: kang¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gang
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gang
    • IPA ^(key): /kɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gong¹
    • Yale: gōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gong¹
    • IPA ^(key): /kɔːŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong / kang
    • Tâi-lô: kong / kang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kofng, kafng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/, /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³/, /kaŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/, /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/, /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/, /kaŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kang
    • IPA ^(key): /kaŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: /kɑŋ/▼

Rime
Character	綱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古郎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaŋ/
Li Rong	/kɑŋ/
Wang Li	/kɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gāng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*klaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	綱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gāng
Middle Chinese	‹ kang ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁaŋ/
English	guiding rope of net
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	綱
Reading #	1/1
No.	3716
Phonetic component	岡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	岡
Old Chinese	/*klaːŋ/

Definitions

綱

1. guiding principle
2. essential part, key part
3. program, outline
4. (taxonomy) class
5. (archaic) headrope, main rope of a fishing net

Compounds

• 三綱／三纲 (sāngāng)
• 三綱五常／三纲五常
• 三綱八目／三纲八目
• 乾綱／干纲
• 倍足綱／倍足纲
• 僧綱／僧纲
• 八綱／八纲
• 國統綱領／国统纲领
• 大綱／大纲 (dàgāng)
• 天綱／天纲
• 宏綱／宏纲
• 客綱客紀／客纲客纪
• 建國大綱／建国大纲
• 張綱埋輪／张纲埋轮
• 憲綱／宪纲
• 扶綱／扶纲
• 振領提綱／振领提纲
• 提綱／提纲 (tígāng)
• 提綱挈領／提纲挈领

• 握綱提領／握纲提领
• 擔綱／担纲 (dāngāng)
• 政綱／政纲 (zhènggāng)
• 斧足綱／斧足纲
• 昆蟲綱／昆虫纲
• 朝綱／朝纲
• 本草綱目／本草纲目 (Běncǎo Gāngmù)
• 王綱／王纲 (wánggāng)
• 皇綱／皇纲 (huánggāng)
• 硬骨魚綱／硬骨鱼纲
• 紀綱／纪纲
• 綱佐／纲佐
• 綱宗／纲宗
• 綱常／纲常
• 綱常倫紀／纲常伦纪
• 綱常掃地／纲常扫地
• 綱理／纲理
• 綱目／纲目 (gāngmù)

• 綱目不疏／纲目不疏
• 綱紀／纲纪 (gāngjì)
• 綱紀廢弛／纲纪废弛
• 綱維／纲维 (gāngwéi)
• 綱舉目張／纲举目张
• 綱要／纲要 (gāngyào)
• 綱運／纲运
• 綱鑑／纲鉴
• 綱領／纲领 (gānglǐng)
• 總綱／总纲 (zǒnggāng)
• 舉綱提領／举纲提领
• 花石綱／花石纲
• 茶綱／茶纲
• 蜘蛛綱／蜘蛛纲
• 軟骨魚綱／软骨鱼纲
• 騾綱／骡纲
• 鹽綱／盐纲
• 黨綱／党纲 (dǎnggāng)

---

Japanese

Kanji

綱

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
• Kun: つな (tsuna, 綱, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
綱
つな Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Proto-Japonic *tuna.

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) つな​ [tsùnáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
  • IPA^(key): [t͡sɨᵝna̠]

Noun

綱 (hiragana つな, rōmaji tsuna)

1. rope
2. tsuna; ceremonial sumo belt

References

---

Korean

Hanja

綱 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Okinawan

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuna, from Proto-Japonic *tuna. Cognate with Japanese 綱 (つな, tsuna).

Kanji

綱

• Kun: ちな (china)

Noun

綱 (hiragana ちな, romaji china)

1. rope

---

Vietnamese

Han character

綱 (cương, cáng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.