科
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TranslingualEdit
Stroke order | |||
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Han characterEdit
科 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹木卜十 (HDYJ), four-corner 24900, composition ⿰禾斗)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 850, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24950
- Dae Jaweon: page 1274, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2595, character 7
- Unihan data for U+79D1
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
科 |
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Glyph originEdit
Historical forms of the character 科 | |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰoːl, *kʰoːls) and ideogrammic compound (會意): phonetic 禾 (OC *ɡoːl, “grain”) + semantic 斗 (“measuring tool”).
Etymology 1Edit
Possibly a *k-prefixed noun derived from 和 (OC *ɡoːl), hence “the things which harmonize” (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation 1Edit
DefinitionsEdit
科
- sort; class; kind
- law; regulation
- (historical) imperial examination
- article; clause
- norms; rules
- division; branch (of study) (Classifier: 個/个)
- section; department
- (taxonomy) family
- (Chinese theater) action; enactment (as opposed to dialogue, recitation, or singing)
- to pass a sentence
- to check; to examine
- to punish; to fine or levy taxes
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 科
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DescendantsEdit
See alsoEdit
- (Taxonomy) 生物分類學/生物分类学; 域 (yù, “domain”), 界 (jiè, “kingdom”), 門/门 (mén, “phylum”), 綱/纲 (gāng, “class”), 目 (mù, “order”), 科 (kē, “family”), 屬/属 (shǔ, “genus”), 種/种 (zhǒng, “species”) (Category: zh:Taxonomy)
Pronunciation 2Edit
DefinitionsEdit
科
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
科
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) Alternative form of fol (fo1, “to follow”).
ReferencesEdit
- “科”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
科
- grade
- categorized classes or the text of law
- graded crimes
- examinations graded in classes
- divide taxes or crimes
- a (circular) hole
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: か (ka, Jōyō)←くわ (kwa, historical)
- Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)←くわ (kwa, historical)
- Kun: しぐさ (shigusa, 科); しな (shina, 科); とが (toga, 科)
- Nanori: しな (shina)
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Kanji in this term |
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科 |
か Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
SuffixEdit
- department, section
- (taxonomy) family
Related termsEdit
- (Taxonomy) 生物の分類 (seibutsunobunrui); ドメイン (domein, “domain”), 界 (kai, “kingdom”), 門 (mon, “phylum”), 綱 (kō, “class”), 目 (moku, “order”), 科 (ka, “family”), 屬 (zoku, “genus”), 種 (shu, “species”) (Category: ja:Taxonomy)
Etymology 2Edit
Kanji in this term |
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科 |
とが Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
NounEdit
- crime; wrongdoing
- 1916, 森鷗外 [Mori Ōgai], 高瀬舟 (Takase-bune) [The Boat on the Takase River][3]:
- 高瀬舟に乗る罪人の過半は、いわゆる心得違いのために、思わぬ科を犯した人であった。
- Takasebune ni noru zainin no kahan wa, iwayuru kokoroechigai no tame ni, omowanu toga o okashita hito de atta.
- Over half of the prisoners on the boat were people who had been convicted for what we might call human mistakes, people who had unwittingly committed some serious offense.[1]
- 高瀬舟に乗る罪人の過半は、いわゆる心得違いのために、思わぬ科を犯した人であった。
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 科 (MC kʰuɑ).
Historical readings |
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PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kwa̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [과]
HanjaEdit
科 (eumhun 과정 과 (gwajeong gwa))
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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