brati

See also: bráti and brāti

Latin

Noun

bratī

inflection of bratus:
1. nominative/vocative plural
2. genitive singular

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bьrati.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /brâti/
Hyphenation: bra‧ti

Verb

brȁti impf (Cyrillic spelling бра̏ти)

(transitive) to pick (grasp and pull with the fingers or fingernails)
(transitive) to pick (to remove a fruit or plant for consumption)
Branje gljiva ― Mushroom picking

Conjugation

Conjugation of *brati*
		singular			plural
infinitive		brati
present verbal adverb		bèrūći
past verbal adverb		—
verbal noun		bránje

		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	1^st	2^nd	3^rd
present		berem	bereš	bere	beremo	berete	beru
future	future I	brat ću¹ braću	brat ćeš¹ braćeš	brat će¹ braće	brat ćemo¹ braćemo	brat ćete¹ braćete	brat ćē¹ braće
future	future II	bȕdēm brao²	bȕdēš brao²	bȕdē brao²	bȕdēmo brali²	bȕdēte brali²	bȕdū brali²
past	perfect	brao sam²	brao si²	brao je²	brali smo²	brali ste²	brali su²
	pluperfect³	bȉo sam brao²	bȉo si brao²	bȉo je brao²	bíli smo brali²	bíli ste brali²	bíli su brali²
	imperfect	brah	braše	braše	brasmo	braste	brahu
conditional	conditional I	brao bih²	brao bi²	brao bi²	brali bismo²	brali biste²	brali bi²
conditional	conditional II⁴	bȉo bih brao²	bȉo bi brao²	bȉo bi brao²	bíli bismo brali²	bíli biste brali²	bíli bi brali²
imperative		—	beri	—	berimo	berite	—
active past participle		brao m / brala f / bralo n			brali m / brale f / brala n
passive past participle		bran m / brana f / brano n			brani m / brane f / brana n

¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
⁴ Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
*Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

Slovene

FWOTD – 10 March 2023

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bьrati (“to pick up, to take”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti. For the meaning development compare with Latin lego (“to choose, to select, to collect, to gather, to read”), also compare with Russian разобра́ть (razobrátʹ, “to dismantle, to disassemble, to take apart, to deconstruct, to analyse, to parse, but also to recognize, to discern, make out, to read”), Russian разбо́рчивый по́черк (razbórčivyj póčerk, “legible handwriting”), Russian разбо́рчивая речь (razbórčivaja rečʹ, “intelligible speech”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bràːti/
Hyphenation: brá‧ti

Verb

bráti impf

(transitive) to read (look at and interpret letters or other information)
Synonyms: čītati, prebīrati, razbīrati
(transitive) to recognize feelings from a face^[→SSKJ]
(transitive, rare) to guess, to tell (fortune)^[→SSKJ]
Synonyms: ugībati, napovedováti
- 1973, Milko Matičetov, Zverinice iz rezije, page 34:
  Tedaj so ji zmerom morale dati kaj, ko jim je metala karte in brala srečo iz roke.
  At that time, they always had to give her something when she was putting down cards and telling their luck from their hands.
(transitive, archaic, chiefly eastern dialects) to gather, to pick
Synonyms: nabīrati, tŕgati
- 1983, Rado Radešček, Slovenske legende, page 62:
  Prigodilo pa se je, da je nekoč na Šmarni gori brala jagode nedolžna deklica, po imenu Matjaževa Micka iz Zavrha.
  Once it happened that an innocent girl named Micka from Zavrh was picking strawberries on Šmarna gora.
(transitive, usually in imperative mood) to understand as^{[→SSKJ, SP]}
Evropska (beri: zahodna) kultura. ― European (i.e. western) culture.
(intransitive, reflexive, slang) to keep in touch, usually by messages ^[→Sprotni]
(obsolete) to cost, to consume, to need ^{[→Pleteršnik]}

Conjugation

Class V, accentual type IIA (accent is directly before infinitive ending and not directly before present indicative endings), imperfective

Infinitive bráti (a-ti), l-participle brȃł

l-participle
Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts)		bráti
Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial)		brȁt
Supine		brȃt
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	brȃł	brála	brȃlo
dual	brȃla	brȃli	brȃli
plural	brȃli	brȃle	brȃla
n-/t-participle (passive participle)
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	brán	brána	bráno
dual	brána	bráni	bráni
plural	bráni	bráne	brána
š-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	–	–	–
dual	–	–	–
plural	–	–	–
adverbial š-participle		brȃvši
True gerund		brānje
Objectified gerund		brānje

Present stem bérem (e-m)

Present indicative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	bérem	béreva, bérema	béremo
2nd person	béreš	béreta, béresta	bérete, béreste
3rd person	bére	béreta, béresta	bérejo, berọ́
Imperative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	béri	berȋva, berȋma	berȋmo
2nd person	béri	berȋta	berȋte
3rd person	béri	berȋta	–
č-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	berọ̄č	berọ́ča	berọ́če
dual	berọ́ča	berọ́či	berọ́či
plural	berọ́či	berọ́če	berọ́ča
adverbial participles
č-participle		berọ̄č
e-participle		berȃje

brati

Contents

Latin

Noun

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Slovene

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Further reading