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ona

See also: Ona, ONA, óna, òna, oña, öna, -ona, and on a

Contents

AzerbaijaniEdit

AdverbEdit

ona

  1. dative of o

CatalanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Occitan, from Latin unda, from Proto-Indo-European *unt-.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ona f (plural ones)

  1. wave

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

ChickasawEdit

NounEdit

ona

  1. tomorrow

CzechEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *ona, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eno-

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈona/
  • audio
    		(file)

PronounEdit

ona

  1. she (third person personal singular)
  2. nominative plural of ono

DeclensionEdit

Declension
singular plural
nominative ona ony
genitive jí/ní jich/nich
dative jí/ní jim/nim
accusative ji/ni je/ně
vocative - -
locative ní nich
instrumental jí/ní jimi/nimi

Related termsEdit

See alsoEdit

HawaiianEdit

PronounEdit

ona

  1. his, her, its (o-type possessive)

Usage notesEdit

  • Used after negatives, numbers, locative nouns, certain prepositions, and after nouns preceded by an article or a k-determiner.

Related termsEdit

VerbEdit

ona

  1. infatuated, attracted

KikuyuEdit

EtymologyEdit

Hinde (1904) records kuona “find” and kuonna “see” as equivalents of English find and see in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu, listing also Swahili kuona (“to find, to see”) as their equivalent.[1]

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ona (infinitive kuona or kũona)

  1. to see[2][3][4]
  2. to find[2][3][4]
  3. to get into, to find oneself (unusual situation)[4]

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

(Verbs)

(Nouns)

(Proverbs)

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Hinde, Hildegarde (1904). Vocabularies of the Kamba and Kikuyu languages of East Africa, pp. 24–25, 52–53. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 362. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, p. 36.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 “ona” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 359. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *ona, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eno-

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ona

  1. she

DeclensionEdit

declension of ona
singular
nominative ona
genitive jej
dative jej
accusative ją
instrumental nią
locative niej
vocative —

See alsoEdit

Further readingEdit

  • ona in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-CroatianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *ona, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eno-

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ǒna/
  • Hyphenation: o‧na

PronounEdit

òna (Cyrillic spelling о̀на)

  1. she
  2. they (nominative plural of òno (“it”))

DeclensionEdit

    Inflection of 3rd-person pronouns
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
nominative ȏn òna òno òni òne òna
genitive njȅga, ga njȇ, je njȅga, ga njȋh, ih njȋh, ih njȋh, ih
dative njȅmu, mu njȏj, joj njȅmu, mu njȉma, im njȉma, im njȉma, im
accusative njȅga, ga, nj njȗ, ju, je, nju njȅga, ga, nj njȋh, ih njȋh, ih njȋh, ih
vocative — — — — — —
locative njȅm, njȅmu njȏj njȅm, njȅmu njȉma njȉma njȉma
instrumental njȋm, njíme njȏm, njóme njȋm, njíme njȉma njȉma njȉma

SlovakEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *ona, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eno-

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ona

  1. she (third person singular f)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of ona
singular plural
nominative ona ony
genitive jej, nej ich, nich
dative jej, nej im, nim
accusative ju, ňu ich, ne
locative nej nich
instrumental ňou nimi

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • ona in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

SloveneEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *ona, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eno-

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

óna

  1. she
  2. they (neuter plural, more than two)

InflectionEdit

Forms between parentheses indicate clitic forms; the main forms are used for emphasis.

Declension of ona (irregular, suppletive)
singular
masculine feminine neuter
nominative òn ôna ôno
accusative njêga (ga, -nj) njó (jo, -njo) njêga (ga, -nj)
genitive njêga (ga) njé (je) njêga (ga)
dative njêmu (mu) njéj, njèj, njì (ji) njêmu (mu)
locative njêm njéj, njèj, njì njêm
instrumental njím njó njím
possessive njegôv, njegòv njén njegôv, njegòv
dual
masculine feminine neuter
nominative ônadva ônidve, onédve ônidve, onédve
accusative njíju (ju, -nju) or plural njíju (ju, -nju) or plural njíju (ju, -nju) or plural
genitive njíju (ju) or plural njíju (ju) or plural njíju (ju) or plural
dative njíma (jima) njíma (jima) njíma (jima)
locative njíju or plural njíju or plural njíju or plural
instrumental njíma njíma njíma
possessive njún njún njún
plural
masculine feminine neuter
nominative ôni ône ôna
accusative njìh (jih, -nje) njìh (jih, -nje) njìh (jih, -nje)
genitive njìh (jih) njìh (jih) njìh (jih)
dative njìm (jim) njìm (jim) njìm (jim)
locative njìh njìh njìh
instrumental njími njími njími
possessive njíhov njíhov njíhov

See alsoEdit

Slovene personal pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person m jaz midva mi
f medve, midve me
2nd person familiar m ti vidva vi
f vedve, vidve ve
polite m vi vidva vi
f vi vedve, vidve ve
3rd person m on onadva oni
f ona onedve, onidve one
n ono onedve, onidve ona

SwahiliEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Bantu *-bóna. Cognate to Zulu -bona.

VerbEdit

-ona (infinitive kuona)

  1. to see, to find
  2. to feel, to perceive

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of -ona
Non-finite forms
Form Positive Negative
Infinitive kuona kutoona
Simple finite forms
Positive form Singular Plural
Imperative ona oneni
Habitual huona
Complex finite forms
Polarity Persons Persons / Classes Classes
1st 2nd 3rd / M-wa M-mi Ma Ki-vi N U Ku Pa Mu
Sg. Pl. Sg. Pl. Sg. / 1 Pl. / 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 / 14 15 / 17 16 18
Past
Positive niliona
naliona 		tuliona
twaliona 		uliona
waliona 		mliona
mwaliona 		aliona waliona uliona iliona liliona yaliona kiliona viliona iliona ziliona uliona kuliona paliona muliona
Negative sikuona hatukuona hukuona hamkuona hakuona hawakuona haukuona haikuona halikuona hayakuona hakikuona havikuona haikuona hazikuona haukuona hakukuona hapakuona hamukuona
Present
Positive ninaona
naona 		tunaona unaona mnaona anaona wanaona unaona inaona linaona yanaona kinaona vinaona inaona zinaona unaona kunaona panaona munaona
Negative sioni hatuoni huoni hamoni haoni hawaoni hauoni haioni halioni hayaoni hakioni havioni haioni hazioni hauoni hakuoni hapaoni hamuoni
Future
Positive nitaona tutaona utaona mtaona ataona wataona utaona itaona litaona yataona kitaona vitaona itaona zitaona utaona kutaona pataona mutaona
Negative sitaona hatutaona hutaona hamtaona hataona hawataona hautaona haitaona halitaona hayataona hakitaona havitaona haitaona hazitaona hautaona hakutaona hapataona hamutaona
Subjunctive
Positive nione tuone uone mone aone waone uone ione lione yaone kione vione ione zione uone kuone paone muone
Negative nisione tusione usione msione asione wasione usione isione lisione yasione kisione visione isione zisione usione kusione pasione musione
Present Conditional
Positive ningeona tungeona ungeona mngeona angeona wangeona ungeona ingeona lingeona yangeona kingeona vingeona ingeona zingeona ungeona kungeona pangeona mungeona
Negative nisingeona
singeona 		tusingeona
hatungeona 		usingeona
hungeona 		msingeona
hamngeona 		asingeona
hangeona 		wasingeona
hawangeona 		usingeona
haungeona 		isingeona
haingeona 		lisingeona
halingeona 		yasingeona
hayangeona 		kisingeona
hakingeona 		visingeona
havingeona 		isingeona
haingeona 		zisingeona
hazingeona 		usingeona
haungeona 		kusingeona
hakungeona 		pasingeona
hapangeona 		musingeona
hamungeona
Past Conditional
Positive ningaliona tungaliona ungaliona mngaliona angaliona wangaliona ungaliona ingaliona lingaliona yangaliona kingaliona vingaliona ingaliona zingaliona ungaliona kungaliona pangaliona mungaliona
Negative nisingaliona
singaliona 		tusingaliona
hatungaliona 		usingaliona
hungaliona 		msingaliona
hamngaliona 		asingaliona
hangaliona 		wasingaliona
hawangaliona 		usingaliona
haungaliona 		isingaliona
haingaliona 		lisingaliona
halingaliona 		yasingaliona
hayangaliona 		kisingaliona
hakingaliona 		visingaliona
havingaliona 		isingaliona
haingaliona 		zisingaliona
hazingaliona 		usingaliona
haungaliona 		kusingaliona
hakungaliona 		pasingaliona
hapangaliona 		musingaliona
hamungaliona
Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive ningeliona tungeliona ungeliona mngeliona angeliona wangeliona ungeliona ingeliona lingeliona yangeliona kingeliona vingeliona ingeliona zingeliona ungeliona kungeliona pangeliona mungeliona
Gnomic
Positive naona twaona waona mwaona aona waona waona yaona laona yaona chaona vyaona yaona zaona waona kwaona paona mwaona
Perfect
Positive nimeona tumeona umeona mmeona ameona wameona umeona imeona limeona yameona kimeona vimeona imeona zimeona umeona kumeona pameona mumeona
"Already"
Positive nimeshaona tumeshaona umeshaona mmeshaona ameshaona wameshaona umeshaona imeshaona limeshaona yameshaona kimeshaona vimeshaona imeshaona zimeshaona umeshaona kumeshaona pameshaona mumeshaona
"Not yet"
Negative sijaona hatujaona hujaona hamjaona hajaona hawajaona haujaona haijaona halijaona hayajaona hakijaona havijaona haijaona hazijaona haujaona hakujaona hapajaona hamujaona
"If/When"
Positive nikiona tukiona ukiona mkiona akiona wakiona ukiona ikiona likiona yakiona kikiona vikiona ikiona zikiona ukiona kukiona pakiona mukiona
"If not"
Negative nisipoona tusipoona usipoona msipoona asipoona wasipoona usipoona isipoona lisipoona yasipoona kisipoona visipoona isipoona zisipoona usipoona kusipoona pasipoona musipoona
Consecutive
Positive nikaona tukaona ukaona mkaona akaona wakaona ukaona ikaona likaona yakaona kikaona vikaona ikaona zikaona ukaona kukaona pakaona mukaona
Relative Forms
Past
ye naliyeona twaliyeona waliyeona mwaliyeona aliyeona waliyeona uliyeona iliyeona liliyeona yaliyeona kiliyeona viliyeona iliyeona ziliyeona uliyeona kuliyeona paliyeona muliyeona
o nalioona twalioona walioona mwalioona alioona walioona ulioona ilioona lilioona yalioona kilioona vilioona ilioona zilioona ulioona kulioona palioona mulioona
yo naliyoona twaliyoona waliyoona mwaliyoona aliyoona waliyoona uliyoona iliyoona liliyoona yaliyoona kiliyoona viliyoona iliyoona ziliyoona uliyoona kuliyoona paliyoona muliyoona
lo naliloona twaliloona waliloona mwaliloona aliloona waliloona uliloona ililoona lililoona yaliloona kililoona vililoona ililoona zililoona uliloona kuliloona paliloona muliloona
cho nalichoona twalichoona walichoona mwalichoona alichoona walichoona ulichoona ilichoona lilichoona yalichoona kilichoona vilichoona ilichoona zilichoona ulichoona kulichoona palichoona mulichoona
vyo nalivyoona twalivyoona walivyoona mwalivyoona alivyoona walivyoona ulivyoona ilivyoona lilivyoona yalivyoona kilivyoona vilivyoona ilivyoona zilivyoona ulivyoona kulivyoona palivyoona mulivyoona
zo nalizoona twalizoona walizoona mwalizoona alizoona walizoona ulizoona ilizoona lilizoona yalizoona kilizoona vilizoona ilizoona zilizoona ulizoona kulizoona palizoona mulizoona
ko nalikoona twalikoona walikoona mwalikoona alikoona walikoona ulikoona ilikoona lilikoona yalikoona kilikoona vilikoona ilikoona zilikoona ulikoona kulikoona palikoona mulikoona
po nalipoona twalipoona walipoona mwalipoona alipoona walipoona ulipoona ilipoona lilipoona yalipoona kilipoona vilipoona ilipoona zilipoona ulipoona kulipoona palipoona mulipoona
mo nalimoona twalimoona walimoona mwalimoona alimoona walimoona ulimoona ilimoona lilimoona yalimoona kilimoona vilimoona ilimoona zilimoona ulimoona kulimoona palimoona mulimoona
Present
ye nayeona tunayeona unayeona mnayeona anayeona wanayeona unayeona inayeona linayeona yanayeona kinayeona vinayeona inayeona zinayeona unayeona kunayeona panayeona munayeona
o naoona tunaoona unaoona mnaoona anaoona wanaoona unaoona inaoona linaoona yanaoona kinaoona vinaoona inaoona zinaoona unaoona kunaoona panaoona munaoona
yo nayoona tunayoona unayoona mnayoona anayoona wanayoona unayoona inayoona linayoona yanayoona kinayoona vinayoona inayoona zinayoona unayoona kunayoona panayoona munayoona
lo naloona tunaloona unaloona mnaloona analoona wanaloona unaloona inaloona linaloona yanaloona kinaloona vinaloona inaloona zinaloona unaloona kunaloona panaloona munaloona
cho nachoona tunachoona unachoona mnachoona anachoona wanachoona unachoona inachoona linachoona yanachoona kinachoona vinachoona inachoona zinachoona unachoona kunachoona panachoona munachoona
vyo navyoona tunavyoona unavyoona mnavyoona anavyoona wanavyoona unavyoona inavyoona linavyoona yanavyoona kinavyoona vinavyoona inavyoona zinavyoona unavyoona kunavyoona panavyoona munavyoona
zo nazoona tunazoona unazoona mnazoona anazoona wanazoona unazoona inazoona linazoona yanazoona kinazoona vinazoona inazoona zinazoona unazoona kunazoona panazoona munazoona
ko nakoona tunakoona unakoona mnakoona anakoona wanakoona unakoona inakoona linakoona yanakoona kinakoona vinakoona inakoona zinakoona unakoona kunakoona panakoona munakoona
po napoona tunapoona unapoona mnapoona anapoona wanapoona unapoona inapoona linapoona yanapoona kinapoona vinapoona inapoona zinapoona unapoona kunapoona panapoona munapoona
mo namoona tunamoona unamoona mnamoona anamoona wanamoona unamoona inamoona linamoona yanamoona kinamoona vinamoona inamoona zinamoona unamoona kunamoona panamoona munamoona
Future
ye nitakayeona tutakayeona utakayeona mtakayeona atakayeona watakayeona utakayeona itakayeona litakayeona yatakayeona kitakayeona vitakayeona itakayeona zitakayeona utakayeona kutakayeona patakayeona mutakayeona
o nitakaoona tutakaoona utakaoona mtakaoona atakaoona watakaoona utakaoona itakaoona litakaoona yatakaoona kitakaoona vitakaoona itakaoona zitakaoona utakaoona kutakaoona patakaoona mutakaoona
yo nitakayoona tutakayoona utakayoona mtakayoona atakayoona watakayoona utakayoona itakayoona litakayoona yatakayoona kitakayoona vitakayoona itakayoona zitakayoona utakayoona kutakayoona patakayoona mutakayoona
lo nitakaloona tutakaloona utakaloona mtakaloona atakaloona watakaloona utakaloona itakaloona litakaloona yatakaloona kitakaloona vitakaloona itakaloona zitakaloona utakaloona kutakaloona patakaloona mutakaloona
cho nitakachoona tutakachoona utakachoona mtakachoona atakachoona watakachoona utakachoona itakachoona litakachoona yatakachoona kitakachoona vitakachoona itakachoona zitakachoona utakachoona kutakachoona patakachoona mutakachoona
vyo nitakavyoona tutakavyoona utakavyoona mtakavyoona atakavyoona watakavyoona utakavyoona itakavyoona litakavyoona yatakavyoona kitakavyoona vitakavyoona itakavyoona zitakavyoona utakavyoona kutakavyoona patakavyoona mutakavyoona
zo nitakazoona tutakazoona utakazoona mtakazoona atakazoona watakazoona utakazoona itakazoona litakazoona yatakazoona kitakazoona vitakazoona itakazoona zitakazoona utakazoona kutakazoona patakazoona mutakazoona
ko nitakakoona tutakakoona utakakoona mtakakoona atakakoona watakakoona utakakoona itakakoona litakakoona yatakakoona kitakakoona vitakakoona itakakoona zitakakoona utakakoona kutakakoona patakakoona mutakakoona
po nitakapoona tutakapoona utakapoona mtakapoona atakapoona watakapoona utakapoona itakapoona litakapoona yatakapoona kitakapoona vitakapoona itakapoona zitakapoona utakapoona kutakapoona patakapoona mutakapoona
mo nitakamoona tutakamoona utakamoona mtakamoona atakamoona watakamoona utakamoona itakamoona litakamoona yatakamoona kitakamoona vitakamoona itakamoona zitakamoona utakamoona kutakamoona patakamoona mutakamoona
General Positive
ye nionaye tuonaye uonaye monaye aonaye waonaye uonaye ionaye lionaye yaonaye kionaye vionaye ionaye zionaye uonaye kuonaye paonaye muonaye
o nionao tuonao uonao monao aonao waonao uonao ionao lionao yaonao kionao vionao ionao zionao uonao kuonao paonao muonao
yo nionayo tuonayo uonayo monayo aonayo waonayo uonayo ionayo lionayo yaonayo kionayo vionayo ionayo zionayo uonayo kuonayo paonayo muonayo
lo nionalo tuonalo uonalo monalo aonalo waonalo uonalo ionalo lionalo yaonalo kionalo vionalo ionalo zionalo uonalo kuonalo paonalo muonalo
cho nionacho tuonacho uonacho monacho aonacho waonacho uonacho ionacho lionacho yaonacho kionacho vionacho ionacho zionacho uonacho kuonacho paonacho muonacho
vyo nionavyo tuonavyo uonavyo monavyo aonavyo waonavyo uonavyo ionavyo lionavyo yaonavyo kionavyo vionavyo ionavyo zionavyo uonavyo kuonavyo paonavyo muonavyo
zo nionazo tuonazo uonazo monazo aonazo waonazo uonazo ionazo lionazo yaonazo kionazo vionazo ionazo zionazo uonazo kuonazo paonazo muonazo
ko nionako tuonako uonako monako aonako waonako uonako ionako lionako yaonako kionako vionako ionako zionako uonako kuonako paonako muonako
po nionapo tuonapo uonapo monapo aonapo waonapo uonapo ionapo lionapo yaonapo kionapo vionapo ionapo zionapo uonapo kuonapo paonapo muonapo
mo nionamo tuonamo uonamo monamo aonamo waonamo uonamo ionamo lionamo yaonamo kionamo vionamo ionamo zionamo uonamo kuonamo paonamo muonamo
General Negative
ye nisiyeona tusiyeona usiyeona msiyeona asiyeona wasiyeona usiyeona isiyeona lisiyeona yasiyeona kisiyeona visiyeona isiyeona zisiyeona usiyeona kusiyeona pasiyeona musiyeona
o nisioona tusioona usioona msioona asioona wasioona usioona isioona lisioona yasioona kisioona visioona isioona zisioona usioona kusioona pasioona musioona
yo nisiyoona tusiyoona usiyoona msiyoona asiyoona wasiyoona usiyoona isiyoona lisiyoona yasiyoona kisiyoona visiyoona isiyoona zisiyoona usiyoona kusiyoona pasiyoona musiyoona
lo nisiloona tusiloona usiloona msiloona asiloona wasiloona usiloona isiloona lisiloona yasiloona kisiloona visiloona isiloona zisiloona usiloona kusiloona pasiloona musiloona
cho nisichoona tusichoona usichoona msichoona asichoona wasichoona usichoona isichoona lisichoona yasichoona kisichoona visichoona isichoona zisichoona usichoona kusichoona pasichoona musichoona
vyo nisivyoona tusivyoona usivyoona msivyoona asivyoona wasivyoona usivyoona isivyoona lisivyoona yasivyoona kisivyoona visivyoona isivyoona zisivyoona usivyoona kusivyoona pasivyoona musivyoona
zo nisizoona tusizoona usizoona msizoona asizoona wasizoona usizoona isizoona lisizoona yasizoona kisizoona visizoona isizoona zisizoona usizoona kusizoona pasizoona musizoona
ko nisikoona tusikoona usikoona msikoona asikoona wasikoona usikoona isikoona lisikoona yasikoona kisikoona visikoona isikoona zisikoona usikoona kusikoona pasikoona musikoona
po nisipoona tusipoona usipoona msipoona asipoona wasipoona usipoona isipoona lisipoona yasipoona kisipoona visipoona isipoona zisipoona usipoona kusipoona pasipoona musipoona
mo nisimoona tusimoona usimoona msimoona asimoona wasimoona usimoona isimoona lisimoona yasimoona kisimoona visimoona isimoona zisimoona usimoona kusimoona pasimoona musimoona
Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived termsEdit

SwedishEdit

NounEdit

ona

  1. definite plural of o

Tok PisinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English honor.

NounEdit

ona

  1. honor; glory; praise

TurkishEdit

PronounEdit

ona

  1. to him

UzbekEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Turkic *ana.

NounEdit

ona (plural onalar)

  1. mother

VilamovianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German [Term?], from Old High German āna, ānu, āno (“without”), from Proto-Germanic *ēnu, *ēnō (“without”), from Proto-Indo-European *anew, *enew (“without”). Cognate with German ohne.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

ona

  1. without, lacking

VolapükEdit

PronounEdit

ona

  1. (possessive) (genitive singular of on) its

SynonymsEdit

ZuluEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Bantu *-jóna.

VerbEdit

-ôna

  1. (transitive) to ruin, to spoil
  2. (intransitive) to sin

InflectionEdit

Tone HH
Infinitive ukona
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukona ukungoni
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular yona -one
Plural yonani -oneni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyona, ngona engonayo, engona ngona angoni engingoni ngingoni
2nd singular uyona, wona owonayo, owona wona awoni ongoni ungoni
1st plural siyona, sona esonayo, esona sona asoni esingoni singoni
2nd plural niyona, nona enonayo, enona nona anoni eningoni ningoni
Class 1 uyona, wona owonayo, owona ona akoni ongoni engoni
Class 2 bayona, bona abonayo, abona bona aboni abangoni bengoni
Class 3 uyona, wona owonayo, owona wona awoni ongoni ungoni
Class 4 iyona, yona eyonayo, eyona yona ayoni engoni ingoni
Class 5 liyona, lona elonayo, elona lona aloni elingoni lingoni
Class 6 ayona, ona onayo, ona ona awoni angoni engoni
Class 7 siyona, sona esonayo, esona sona asoni esingoni singoni
Class 8 ziyona, zona ezonayo, ezona zona azoni ezingoni zingoni
Class 9 iyona, yona eyonayo, eyona yona ayoni engoni ingoni
Class 10 ziyona, zona ezonayo, ezona zona azoni ezingoni zingoni
Class 11 luyona, lona olonayo, olona lona aloni olungoni lungoni
Class 14 buyona, bona obonayo, obona bona aboni obungoni bungoni
Class 15 kuyona, kona okonayo, okona kona akoni okungoni kungoni
Class 17 kuyona, kona okonayo, okona kona akoni okungoni kungoni
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngonile, ngonē engonile, engonē ngonile, ngonē angonanga engingonanga ngingonanga
2nd singular wonile, wonē owonile, owonē wonile, wonē awonanga ongonanga ungonanga
1st plural sonile, sonē esonile, esonē sonile, sonē asonanga esingonanga singonanga
2nd plural nonile, nonē enonile, enonē nonile, nonē anonanga eningonanga ningonanga
Class 1 wonile, wonē owonile, owonē onile, onē akonanga ongonanga engonanga
Class 2 bonile, bonē abonile, abonē bonile, bonē abonanga abangonanga bengonanga
Class 3 wonile, wonē owonile, owonē wonile, wonē awonanga ongonanga ungonanga
Class 4 yonile, yonē eyonile, eyonē yonile, yonē ayonanga engonanga ingonanga
Class 5 lonile, lonē elonile, elonē lonile, lonē alonanga elingonanga lingonanga
Class 6 onile, onē onile, onē onile, onē awonanga angonanga engonanga
Class 7 sonile, sonē esonile, esonē sonile, sonē asonanga esingonanga singonanga
Class 8 zonile, zonē ezonile, ezonē zonile, zonē azonanga ezingonanga zingonanga
Class 9 yonile, yonē eyonile, eyonē yonile, yonē ayonanga engonanga ingonanga
Class 10 zonile, zonē ezonile, ezonē zonile, zonē azonanga ezingonanga zingonanga
Class 11 lonile, lonē olonile, olonē lonile, lonē alonanga olungonanga lungonanga
Class 14 bonile, bonē obonile, obonē bonile, bonē abonanga obungonanga bungonanga
Class 15 konile, konē okonile, okonē konile, konē akonanga okungonanga kungonanga
Class 17 konile, konē okonile, okonē konile, konē akonanga okungonanga kungonanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngōna engōna ngōna angonanga engingonanga ngingonanga
2nd singular wōna owōna wōna awonanga ongonanga ungonanga
1st plural sōna esōna sōna asonanga esingonanga singonanga
2nd plural nōna enōna nōna anonanga eningonanga ningonanga
Class 1 wōna owōna ōna akonanga ongonanga engonanga
Class 2 bōna abōna bōna abonanga abangonanga bengonanga
Class 3 wōna owōna wōna awonanga ongonanga ungonanga
Class 4 yōna eyōna yōna ayonanga engonanga ingonanga
Class 5 lōna elōna lōna alonanga elingonanga lingonanga
Class 6 ōna ōna ōna awonanga angonanga engonanga
Class 7 sōna esōna sōna asonanga esingonanga singonanga
Class 8 zōna ezōna zōna azonanga ezingonanga zingonanga
Class 9 yōna eyōna yōna ayonanga engonanga ingonanga
Class 10 zōna ezōna zōna azonanga ezingonanga zingonanga
Class 11 lōna olōna lōna alonanga olungonanga lungonanga
Class 14 bōna obōna bōna abonanga obungonanga bungonanga
Class 15 kōna okōna kōna akonanga okungonanga kungonanga
Class 17 kōna okōna kōna akonanga okungonanga kungonanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingona — ngingona ngingone — ngingone
2nd singular ungona — ungona ungone — ungone
1st plural singona — singona singone — singone
2nd plural ningona — ningona ningone — ningone
Class 1 angona — engona angone — engone
Class 2 bangona — bengona bangone — bengone
Class 3 ungona — ungona ungone — ungone
Class 4 ingona — ingona ingone — ingone
Class 5 lingona — lingona lingone — lingone
Class 6 angona — engona angone — engone
Class 7 singona — singona singone — singone
Class 8 zingona — zingona zingone — zingone
Class 9 ingona — ingona ingone — ingone
Class 10 zingona — zingona zingone — zingone
Class 11 lungona — lungona lungone — lungone
Class 14 bungona — bungona bungone — bungone
Class 15 kungona — kungona kungone — kungone
Class 17 kungona — kungona kungone — kungone
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizokona engizokona ngizokona angizukona engingezukona ngingezukona
2nd singular uzokona ozokona uzokona awuzukona ongezukona ungezukona
1st plural sizokona esizokona sizokona asizukona esingezukona singezukona
2nd plural nizokona enizokona nizokona anizukona eningezukona ningezukona
Class 1 uzokona ozokona ezokona akazukona ongezukona engezukona
Class 2 bazokona abazokona bezokona abazukona abangezukona bengezukona
Class 3 uzokona ozokona uzokona awuzukona ongezukona ungezukona
Class 4 izokona ezokona izokona ayizukona engezukona ingezukona
Class 5 lizokona elizokona lizokona alizukona elingezukona lingezukona
Class 6 azokona azokona ezokona awazukona angezukona engezukona
Class 7 sizokona esizokona sizokona asizukona esingezukona singezukona
Class 8 zizokona ezizokona zizokona azizukona ezingezukona zingezukona
Class 9 izokona ezokona izokona ayizukona engezukona ingezukona
Class 10 zizokona ezizokona zizokona azizukona ezingezukona zingezukona
Class 11 luzokona oluzokona luzokona aluzukona olungezukona lungezukona
Class 14 buzokona obuzokona buzokona abuzukona obungezukona bungezukona
Class 15 kuzokona okuzokona kuzokona akuzukona okungezukona kungezukona
Class 17 kuzokona okuzokona kuzokona akuzukona okungezukona kungezukona
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyokona engiyokona ngiyokona angiyukona engingeyukona ngingeyukona
2nd singular uyokona oyokona uyokona awuyukona ongeyukona ungeyukona
1st plural siyokona esiyokona siyokona asiyukona esingeyukona singeyukona
2nd plural niyokona eniyokona niyokona aniyukona eningeyukona ningeyukona
Class 1 uyokona oyokona eyokona akayukona ongeyukona engeyukona
Class 2 bayokona abayokona beyokona abayukona abangeyukona bengeyukona
Class 3 uyokona oyokona uyokona awuyukona ongeyukona ungeyukona
Class 4 iyokona eyokona iyokona ayiyukona engeyukona ingeyukona
Class 5 liyokona eliyokona liyokona aliyukona elingeyukona lingeyukona
Class 6 ayokona ayokona eyokona awayukona angeyukona engeyukona
Class 7 siyokona esiyokona siyokona asiyukona esingeyukona singeyukona
Class 8 ziyokona eziyokona ziyokona aziyukona ezingeyukona zingeyukona
Class 9 iyokona eyokona iyokona ayiyukona engeyukona ingeyukona
Class 10 ziyokona eziyokona ziyokona aziyukona ezingeyukona zingeyukona
Class 11 luyokona oluyokona luyokona aluyukona olungeyukona lungeyukona
Class 14 buyokona obuyokona buyokona abuyukona obungeyukona bungeyukona
Class 15 kuyokona okuyokona kuyokona akuyukona okungeyukona kungeyukona
Class 17 kuyokona okuyokona kuyokona akuyukona okungeyukona kungeyukona
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngone ngingoni
2nd singular wone ungoni
1st plural sone singoni
2nd plural none ningoni
Class 1 one angoni
Class 2 bone bangoni
Class 3 wone ungoni
Class 4 yone ingoni
Class 5 lone lingoni
Class 6 one angoni
Class 7 sone singoni
Class 8 zone zingoni
Class 9 yone ingoni
Class 10 zone zingoni
Class 11 lone lungoni
Class 14 bone bungoni
Class 15 kone kungoni
Class 17 kone kungoni
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngona ngangona, angona, angangona
2nd singular wona wangona, awona, awangona
1st plural sona sangona, asona, asangona
2nd plural nona nangona, anona, anangona
Class 1 wona wangona, akona, akangona
Class 2 bona bangona, abona, abangona
Class 3 wona wangona, awona, awangona
Class 4 yona yangona, ayona, ayangona
Class 5 lona langona, alona, alangona
Class 6 ona angona, awona, awangona
Class 7 sona sangona, asona, asangona
Class 8 zona zangona, azona, azangona
Class 9 yona yangona, ayona, ayangona
Class 10 zona zangona, azona, azangona
Class 11 lona lwangona, alona, alwangona
Class 14 bona bangona, abona, abangona
Class 15 kona kwangona, akona, akwangona
Class 17 kona kwangona, akona, akwangona

ReferencesEdit

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