oni
See also: Appendix:Variations of "oni"
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
oni (plural onis or oni)
- A Japanese evil spirit or demon.
- 1908, Henri L. Joly, Legend in Japanese Art: A Description of Historical Episodes, Legendary Characters, Folk-lore, Myths, Religious Symbolism, Illustrated in the Arts of Old Japan, pages 263-264:
- ONI 鬼. Generic name for devils, the representation of which in art is quite a common feature. Onis have claws, a square head with two horns, sharp teeth, and malignant eyes surmounted by big eyebrows; occasionally they wear trousers of tiger skin.
- 1918, William Elliot Griffis, Dutch Fairy Tales for Young Folks[1]:
- Across the ocean, in Japan, there once lived curious creatures called Onis. Every Japanese boy and girl has heard of them, though one has not often been caught.
- 2005, Christopher Hart, Manga Mania Shoujo: How to Draw the Charming and Romantic Characters of Japanese Comics, →ISBN, page 69:
- This is actually a boy bishie in the form of an ogre. It's called an oni in Japanese. Onis have supernatural powers that can command the forces of nature such as wind (to create hurricanes) and lightning (to create thunderbolts).
- 2011, Mike Shel, “Ecology of the Oni”, in Jade Regent: The Brinewall Legacy, Paizo Publishing, →ISBN, page 69:
- The oni are a diverse group of evil spirits who take on the form of humanoid creatures so that they can enjoy the pleasures and vices of the flesh.
AnagramsEdit
CzechEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oni, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ónos.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
oni m anim pl
- they (third person personal masculine plural)
DeclensionEdit
Related termsEdit
Dupaningan AgtaEdit
InterjectionEdit
oni
EsperantoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From French on, ultimately from Latin homō (“human being; man”). English one is not etymologically related to on, but its use as an indefinite personal pronoun was influenced by French. Doublet of homo.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
oni (accusative onin, possessive onia)
- (indefinite personal pronoun) one
- Oni povas vidi ĝin. ― One can see it.
- (indefinite pronoun, vague meaning) they (some people, people in general)
- Oni diras, ke Norvegio estas bonega loko por loĝi. ― They say Norway is a great place to live.
Usage notesEdit
- Comparable to the use of generic "you" in English (e.g. In America, you can do what you want).
- A sentence whose subject is "oni" can often be translated as an English sentence in the passive voice, for example: "Oni ofte referencas al Kimrio kiel la 'lando de la kanto.'" can be translated as "Wales is often referred to as the 'land of song.'"
- Although the accusative onin and the possessive onia are possible, they are far less frequent than oni itself. Correlatives such as iun (“someone (accusative)”) or ies (“someone's”) are often more natural in contexts where onin or onia might make sense: "one's mother tongue" will usually be rendered ies gepatra lingvo rather than onia gepatra lingvo, though the latter would still be correct. Note that where the subject of a clause is oni, anything that oni possesses in that clause will take the reflexive possessive sia, not onia: Oni plej nature pensas en sia gepatra lingvo (one thinks most naturally in one's mother tongue).
DescendantsEdit
- → Ido: onu
See alsoEdit
- unu (“one”)
GuinauEdit
NounEdit
oni
ReferencesEdit
- Alfred Russel Wallace, A Narrative of Travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro
- Proceedings [of the] Philological Society, London, Volume 3
JapaneseEdit
RomanizationEdit
oni
LinduEdit
NounEdit
oni
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oni, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ónos.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
oni
- they (third-person masculine personal nominative)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of oni
See alsoEdit
Further readingEdit
Serbo-CroatianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *oni, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ónos.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
òni (Cyrillic spelling о̀ни)
- they (nominative plural of ȏn (“he”))
DeclensionEdit
Inflection of 3rd-person pronouns
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| nominative | ȏn | òna | òno | òni | òne | òna |
| genitive | njȅga, ga | njȇ, je | njȅga, ga | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih |
| dative | njȅmu, mu | njȏj, joj | njȅmu, mu | njȉma, im | njȉma, im | njȉma, im |
| accusative | njȅga, ga, nj | njȗ, ju, je | njȅga, ga, nj | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih |
| vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| locative | njȅm, njȅmu | njȏj | njȅm, njȅmu | njȉma | njȉma | njȉma |
| instrumental | njȋm, njíme | njȏm, njóme | njȋm, njíme | njȉma | njȉma | njȉma |
SlovakEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oni, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ónos.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
oni
- they (third person, personal, m pl)
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- oni in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk
SloveneEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *oni.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
óni
- they (masculine plural, more than two)
InflectionEdit
Forms between parentheses indicate clitic forms; the main forms are used for emphasis.
Declension of oni (irregular, suppletive)
| singular | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | òn | ôna | ôno |
| accusative | njêga (ga, -nj) | njó (jo, -njo) | njêga (ga, -nj) |
| genitive | njêga (ga) | njé (je) | njêga (ga) |
| dative | njêmu (mu) | njéj, njèj, njì (ji) | njêmu (mu) |
| locative | njêm | njéj, njèj, njì | njêm |
| instrumental | njím | njó | njím |
| possessive | njegôv, njegòv | njén | njegôv, njegòv |
| dual | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | ônadva | ônidve, onédve | ônidve, onédve |
| accusative | njíju (ju, -nju) or plural | njíju (ju, -nju) or plural | njíju (ju, -nju) or plural |
| genitive | njíju (ju) or plural | njíju (ju) or plural | njíju (ju) or plural |
| dative | njíma (jima) | njíma (jima) | njíma (jima) |
| locative | njíju or plural | njíju or plural | njíju or plural |
| instrumental | njíma | njíma | njíma |
| possessive | njún | njún | njún |
| plural | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | ôni | ône | ôna |
| accusative | njìh (jih, -nje) | njìh (jih, -nje) | njìh (jih, -nje) |
| genitive | njìh (jih) | njìh (jih) | njìh (jih) |
| dative | njìm (jim) | njìm (jim) | njìm (jim) |
| locative | njìh | njìh | njìh |
| instrumental | njími | njími | njími |
| possessive | njíhov | njíhov | njíhov |
See alsoEdit
Slovene personal pronouns
| singular | dual | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | m | jaz | midva | mi | |
| f or n | medve, midve | me | |||
| 2nd person | familiar tikanje |
m | ti | vidva | vi |
| f or n | vedve, vidve | ve | |||
| 3rd person | m | on | onadva | oni | |
| f | ona | onedve, onidve | one | ||
| n | ono | onedve, onidve | ona | ||
| Polite forms (not differentiated in dual and plural) | singular | ||||
| polite vikanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 2rd person plural masculine |
vi, Vi | ||||
| very polite onikanje – instead of 2nd or 3rd person, binds with forms for 3rd person plural masculine (archaic) |
oni | ||||
| hyper polite onokanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 3rd person singular neuter (obsolete) |
ono | ||||
| patriarchal onkanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 3rd person singular masculine (obsolete) |
on | ||||
Sranan TongoEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
oni
VolapükEdit
PronounEdit
oni
- accusative singular of on
WelshEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
oni (triggers mixed mutation except of forms of bod)
- unless
- oni lwydda ― unless he succeeds
- Oni bai fe yma, bydden ni wedi gwybod.
- Unless he were here, we would have known.
- until
- oni ddaw fe ― until he comes
SynonymsEdit
ParticleEdit
oni (triggers mixed mutation)
- used to introduce a negative question
- Oni fuom yn proffwydo yn dy enw di?
- Did we not prophesy in thy name?
- (colloquial) used to form a tag question
- Byddwch chi yma, oni fyddwch chi?
- You'll be there, won't you?
YorubaEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- èní (Lagos)
EtymologyEdit
Cognate with Olukumi òní, Ifè òní, and likely cognate with Igala èñíni.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
òní
- today
- Òní ni ọjọ́-ìbí mi.
- Today is my birthday.
Derived termsEdit
- àtànámónìí (“combination of today and yesterday”)
- lónìí (“today”)
- òde-òní (“modern, contemporary time”)
- Òní (“a child who cries non-stop until its naming ceremony”)
ReferencesEdit
- Awoyale, Yiwola (December 19, 2008) Global Yoruba Lexical Database v. 1.0[3], volume LDC2008L03, Philadelphia: Linguistic Data Consortium, →ISBN
- Salem Ǒchála È̩jè̩bá (2016) A Grammar of Ígálâ, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria: The Linguistic Association of Nigeria (LAN), M & J Grand Orbit Communications Ltd., →ISBN
- SIL International (2016) Dictionnaire Ifè[4] (in French)