Wiktionary

costume

See also: costumé

English

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A reenactor wearing a traditional Highland costume.

Etymology

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Borrowed from French costume, from Italian costume, from Latin consuētūdō (“custom, habit”). Doublet of consuetude and custom.

Verb circa 1802, perhaps modelled on French costumer.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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costume (countable and uncountable, plural costumes)

  1. A style of dress, including garments, accessories and hairstyle, especially as characteristic of a particular country, period or people.
    • 2019, Krissy Aguilar, “Liza Soberano Apologizes for Comments on ‘Black Face’”, in Philippine Daily Inquirer:
      The apology came after a netizen claimed Soberano was supposedly doing a black face, but the latter said, in defense, it was just a “costume.”
  2. An outfit or a disguise worn as fancy dress etc.
    We wore gorilla costumes to the party.
  3. A set of clothes appropriate for a particular occasion or season.
    The bride wore a grey going-away costume.

Usage notes

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  • Despite the meaning "traditional clothes," costume may be considered pejorative by some cultures as a reference to their own traditional dress, owing to interference from the sense "fancy dress, disguise" (such as if their traditional dress has often been appropriated by others as fancy dress). For example, many Indigenous North Americans disfavour the term costume to refer to their traditional and ritual garments and prefer the term regalia.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

See also

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Verb

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costume (third-person singular simple present costumes, present participle costuming, simple past and past participle costumed)

  1. To dress or adorn with a costume or appropriate garb.
    • 1847, Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, Chapter XVIII
      Seated on the carpet, by the side of this basin, was seen Mr. Rochester, costumed in shawls, with a turban on his head. His dark eyes and swarthy skin and Paynim features suited the costume exactly. He looked the very model of an Eastern emir, an agent or a victim of the bowstring.
    • 1942 March, “Notes and News: Monument to a Stillborn Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 88:
      "The Chengtu revolutionaries were fantastically colourful in the Szechwanese manner—they costumed themselves as heroes of the stage and their energies were chiefly occupied in tying ropes across the main streets so that when Imperial officials rode by in their litters they would have to get down and crawl under, losing face.

Translations

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References

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  1. ^ “costume, v.”, in OED Online  ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

Further reading

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Anagrams

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French

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Etymology

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PIE word
*ḱóm
PIE word
*swé

Borrowed from Italian costume, from Latin cōnsuētūdinem (“custom, habit”). Doublet of coutume.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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costume m (plural costumes)

  1. a style of dress characteristic of a particular country, period or people
  2. an outfit or a disguise worn as fancy dress
  3. a set of clothes appropriate for a particular occasion or task
  4. a suit worn by a man
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Descendants

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Verb

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costume

  1. inflection of costumer:
    1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

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Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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PIE word
*ḱóm
PIE word
*swé

From Old Galician-Portuguese costume, custume (13th c., Cantigas de Santa Maria); inherited from Latin consuētūdinem.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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costume m (plural costumes)

  1. custom; tradition (traditional practice or behavior)
    Synonym: tradición
  2. custom; habit (action done on a regular basis)
    Synonyms: hábito, uso
    • 1326, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 398:
      mandamos que enna friigesía que ouuer XV friigeses ou mays poucos, se non tomaren lobo ou loba ou camada delles, ou non correren cada domaa con elles sen enganno segundo que e de custume des o primeyro sabado de quaresma ata dia de Sam Joham de Juyo, ou non fezeren o ffogio, que pagen X mrs.
      We order that in the parish that has 15 parishioners or more, if they don't catch a wolf or litter of them, or if they don't raid them weekly without trickery, as it is used, since the first Saturday of Lent till Saint John's day in June, or if they don't build the pit, then they shall pay 10 mrs.
  3. (law) custom (long-established practice, considered as unwritten law)
    • 1389, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 206:
      que ouuo senpre de custume de non meter vinno de fora parte en esta vila et saluo que os visinnos da villa ouueren de sua lauoria et sua marra
      because it was the custom of this town not to introduce wine from the outside, except if the neighbours needed it and lacked it

References

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  • Ernesto González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “costume”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
  • Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “costume”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
  • “costume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “costume” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “costume” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Italian

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Etymology

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PIE word
*ḱóm
PIE word
*swé

Inherited from Latin consuētūdinem. Doublet of consuetudine, which was borrowed.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /koˈstu.me/
  • Rhymes: -ume
  • Hyphenation: co‧stù‧me
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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costume m (plural costumi)

  1. a custom, habit
    Synonyms: usanza, uso, abitudine
  2. a costume
  3. a swimsuit
    Synonym: costume da bagno

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → French: costume (see there for further descendants)

Anagrams

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Old French

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Noun

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costume oblique singular, m (oblique plural costumes, nominative singular costumes, nominative plural costume)

  1. Alternative form of coustume
    • c. 1200, author unknown, Aucassin et Nicolette:
      il n'est mie costume que nos entrocions li uns l'autre.
      it is not our habit to kill each other.

Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: cos‧tu‧me

Etymology 1

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PIE word
*ḱóm
PIE word
*swé

Inherited from Latin consuētūdinem.

Noun

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costume m (plural costumes)

  1. custom; tradition (traditional practice or behavior)
    Synonym: tradição
    O costume de trazer um pinheiro para dentro de casa durante o Natal.
    The custom of bringing a pine tree inside the house during Christmas.
  2. custom; habit (action done on a regular basis)
    Synonym: hábito
    Temos o costume de comer pão toda manhã.
    We have the habit of eating bread every morning.
  3. (law) custom (long-established practice, considered as unwritten law)
  4. outfit; costume (a set of clothes appropriate for a particular activity)
    Synonym: traje
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:costume.

Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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costume

  1. inflection of costumar:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:costumar.

Further reading

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Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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costume n pl

  1. plural of costum
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