fri
BislamaEdit
EtymologyEdit
AdjectiveEdit
fri
BretonEdit
EtymologyEdit
Cognate with Cornish frig (“nostril”); perhaps related to Proto-Celtic *srognā (compare Welsh ffroen (“nostril”), Old Irish srón (“nose”)).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
fri m (plural frioù)
DanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from Middle Low German vrīen (“to marry”), from Old Saxon friohon.
VerbEdit
fri (imperative fri, present frier or frir, past friede, past participle friet)
- to propose (to ask for one's hand in marriage)
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Borrowed from Middle Low German vrī.
AdjectiveEdit
fri (neuter frit, plural and definite singular attributive frie, comparative friere, superlative (predicative) friest, superlative (attributive) frieste)
Derived termsEdit
- ufri (“constrained, inhibited, not free”)
Etymology 3Edit
Borrowed from Middle Low German vrīen (“to free”), from the adjective vri (“free”).
VerbEdit
fri (imperative fri, present frier or frir, past friede, past participle friet)
- to free (to make free)
ReferencesEdit
- “fri” in Den Danske Ordbog
EsperantoEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
fri
- (neologism) including the cost of[1]
- mil eŭroj fri haveno
- a thousand euros including shipping costs
- cent dolaroj fri dogano
- one hundred dollars including customs duty
- mil eŭroj fri haveno
Usage notesEdit
Unofficial and technical. In everyday language, this would be expressed with a more wordy phrase.
ReferencesEdit
IrishEdit
PrepositionEdit
fri (plus dative, triggers h-prothesis)
- Obsolete form of fré.
Middle IrishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Irish fri, from Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).
PrepositionEdit
fri (takes accusative)
- towards, to
- c. 1000, The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig, section 1, published in Irische Teste, vol. 1 (1880), edited by Ernst Windisch:
- Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chuci-sium isin mbruidin.
- They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall.
- (literally, “A welcome was provided to them all…”)
- c. 1000, The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig, section 1, published in Irische Teste, vol. 1 (1880), edited by Ernst Windisch:
InflectionEdit
- Third-person plural accusative: friu
DescendantsEdit
Norwegian BokmålEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Middle Low German vrī. Cognates include Danish fri, Swedish fri, German frei, Dutch vrei, English free, and Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (freis)
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
fri (neuter singular fritt, definite singular and plural frie, comparative friere, indefinite superlative friest, definite superlative frieste)
- free, not imprisoned or enslaved
- en fri mann ― a free man
- free, not blocked
- fri ferdsel ― free traffic
- free, no payment necessary
- fri inngang ― free admission
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “fri” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle Low German vrī.[1] Akin to English free.
AdjectiveEdit
fri (neuter singular fritt, definite singular and plural frie, comparative friare, indefinite superlative friast, definite superlative friaste)
- free, not imprisoned or enslaved
- ein fri mann ― a free man
- free, not blocked
- fri ferdsel ― free traffic
- free, no payment necessary
- fri inngang ― free admission
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle Low German vrien and Old Norse frjá (“to love”).[1]
Alternative formsEdit
VerbEdit
fri (present tense frir, past tense fridde, past participle fridd/fritt, passive infinitive friast, present participle friande, imperative fri)
- to propose (marriage)
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
From Old Norse fría, from fri (Etymology 1).[1]
Alternative formsEdit
VerbEdit
fri (present tense frir, past tense fridde, past participle fridd/fritt, passive infinitive friast, present participle friande, imperative fri)
- to free
ReferencesEdit
AnagramsEdit
Old DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *frī.
AdjectiveEdit
frī
InflectionEdit
This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “frī”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old FrisianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *frī
AdjectiveEdit
fri
DescendantsEdit
Old High GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *frī.
AdjectiveEdit
frī
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Old IrishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
fri (takes accusative)
For quotations using this term, see Citations:fri.
InflectionEdit
Person | Normal | Emphatic |
---|---|---|
1st person sing. | frimm, frium(m) | fri(u)msa |
2d person sing. | frit(t), friut(t) | fritso, fritsu |
3d sing. masc./neut., dative | ||
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative | fris(s) | frissom, frissium |
3d sing. fem., dative | ||
3d sing. fem., accusative | frie | |
1st person pl. | frinn | frinn(a)i |
2d person pl. | frib | fribsi |
3d person pl., dative | ||
3d person pl., accusative | friu | friusom |
Forms combined with the definite article:
Forms combined with the relative particle:
Forms combined with a possessive determiner:
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “fri”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003)D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, §§ 433, 839, pages 272–73, 514–15
Old SaxonEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-West Germanic *frī.
AdjectiveEdit
frī (comparative frīoro, superlative frīost)
DeclensionEdit
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frī | frīe | frī | frīe | frī | frīu |
accusative | frīana | frīe | frī | frīe | frīa | frīu |
genitive | frīes | frīarō | frīes | frīarō | frīaro | frīarō |
dative | frīumu | frīum | frīumu | frīum | frīaro | frīum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frīo | frīu | frīa | frīu | frīa | frīu |
accusative | frīun | frīun | frīa | frīun | frīun | frīun |
genitive | frīun | frīonō | frīun | frīonō | frīun | frīonō |
dative | frīun | frīum | frīun | frīum | frīun | frīum |
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frīoro | frīoru | frīora | frīoru | frīora | frīoru |
accusative | frīorun | frīorun | frīora | frīorun | frīorun | frīorun |
genitive | frīorun | frīoronō | frīorun | frīoronō | frīorun | frīoronō |
dative | frīorun | frīorum | frīorun | frīorum | frīorun | frīorum |
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frīost | frīoste | frīost | frīoste | frīost | frīostu |
accusative | frīostana | frīoste | frīost | frīoste | frīosta | frīostu |
genitive | frīostes | frīostarō | frīostes | frīostarō | frīostaro | frīostarō |
dative | frīostumu | frīostum | frīostumu | frīostum | frīostaro | frīostum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frīosto | frīostu | frīosta | frīostu | frīosta | frīostu |
accusative | frīostun | frīostun | frīosta | frīostun | frīostun | frīostun |
genitive | frīostun | frīostonō | frīostun | frīostonō | frīostun | frīostonō |
dative | frīostun | frīostum | frīostun | frīostum | frīostun | frīostum |
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Germanic *frijō.
NounEdit
frī f
ReferencesEdit
- Joseph Wright, An Old English Grammar (Oxford 1908)
ScotsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old English fram
PrepositionEdit
fri
See alsoEdit
Sranan TongoEdit
EtymologyEdit
AdjectiveEdit
fri
VerbEdit
fri
- to set free
NounEdit
fri
SwedishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Low German vri, from Old Saxon frī.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
fri
- free, unconstrained
- free, not imprisoned, released
- fri mot borgen ― released on bail
- free, without obligations
- Du är fri att göra som du vill.
- You are free to do as you please.
- free of charge, gratis
DeclensionEdit
Inflection of fri | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | fri | friare | friast |
Neuter singular | fritt | friare | friast |
Plural | fria | friare | friast |
Masculine plural3 | frie | friare | friast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | frie | friare | friaste |
All | fria | friare | friaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Derived termsEdit
- alkolholfri
- alliansfri
- avgiftsfri
- bombfri
- felfri
- fria
- frige
- frigöra
- frihamn
- frihandel
- friherre
- friherrinna
- frihet
- friidrott
- frikostig
- frikyrka
- frikänna
- frikår
- friland
- frilans
- friliggande
- frilufts-
- frilägga
- frimurare
- frimärke
- fripassagerare
- frisim
- frisinnad
- frisinne
- friskola
- frisläppa
- frispark
- fristad
- fristat
- fristil
- fristående
- frita
- fritid
- fritt
- frivillig
- frostfri
- isfri
- kostnadsfri
- momsfri
- mötesfri
- ofri
- problemfri
- receptfri
- reklamfri
- rostfri
- skattefri
- valfri
WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
fri
- Soft mutation of bri.
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
bri | fri | mri | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |