Wiktionary

fri

See also: Fri, frí, frî, and -fri

Bislama

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Etymology

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From English free.

Adjective

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fri

  1. free; independent

Breton

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Etymology

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Cognate with Cornish frig (“nostril”); perhaps related to Proto-Celtic *srognā (compare Welsh ffroen (“nostril”), Old Irish srón (“nose”)).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fri m (plural frioù)

  1. (anatomy) nose

Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /friː/, [fʁiːˀ]
  • (Hardsysselsk) IPA(key): [fʁitʃː]
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Rhymes: -iː

Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Middle Low German vrīen (“to marry”), from Old Saxon friohon.

Verb

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fri (imperative fri, present frier or frir, past friede, past participle friet)

  1. to propose (to ask for one's hand in marriage)
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Middle Low German vrī.

Adjective

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fri (neuter frit, plural and definite singular attributive frie, comparative friere, superlative (predicative) friest, superlative (attributive) frieste)

  1. free
  2. vacant, unoccupied
  3. available
Derived terms
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  • ufri (“constrained, inhibited, not free”)

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Middle Low German vrīen (“to free”), from the adjective vri (“free”).

Verb

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fri (imperative fri, present frier or frir, past friede, past participle friet)

  1. to free (to make free)

References

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Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [fri]
  • Hyphenation: fri

Preposition

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fri

  1. (neologism) including the cost of[1]
    mil eŭroj fri haveno
    a thousand euros including shipping costs
    cent dolaroj fri dogano
    one hundred dollars including customs duty

Usage notes

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Unofficial and technical. In everyday language, this would be expressed with a more wordy phrase.

References

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  1. ^ Wennergren, Bertilo (0202 November 14) “Neoficialaj rolvortetoj”, in Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko‎[1] (in Esperanto), retrieved 2010-10-08

Irish

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Preposition

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fri (plus dative, triggers h-prothesis)

  1. Obsolete form of fré.

Kashubian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German frei.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfri/
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: fri

Adjective

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fri (not comparable, indeclinable, no derived adverb)

  1. (obsolete) free

Further reading

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  • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “fri”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 38

Middle Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish fri, from Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).

Preposition

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fri (takes accusative)

  1. towards, to
    • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
      Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chuci-sium isin mbruidin.
      They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall.
      (literally, “A welcome was provided to them all…”)

Inflection

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  • Third-person plural accusative: friu

Descendants

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  • Irish: ré, re (“against, towards, with”)
    ⇒ Irish: fa ré, fara, frae (“along with, beside”)
  • Manx: rish
  • Scottish Gaelic: ri

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Middle Low German vrī. Cognates include Danish fri, Swedish fri, German frei, Dutch vrij, English free, and Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (freis).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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fri (neuter singular fritt, definite singular and plural frie, comparative friere, indefinite superlative friest, definite superlative frieste)

  1. free, not imprisoned or enslaved
    en fri mann ― a free man
  2. free, not blocked
    fri ferdsel ― free traffic
  3. free, no payment necessary
    fri inngang ― free admission

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Low German vrī.[1] Akin to English free.

Adjective

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fri (neuter singular fritt, definite singular and plural frie, comparative friare, indefinite superlative friast, definite superlative friaste)

  1. free, not imprisoned or enslaved
    ein fri mann ― a free man
  2. free, not blocked
    fri ferdsel ― free traffic
  3. free, no payment necessary
    fri inngang ― free admission
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Middle Low German vrien and Old Norse frjá (“to love”).[1]

Alternative forms

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Verb

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fri (present tense frir, past tense fridde, past participle fritt/fridd, passive infinitive friast, present participle friande, imperative fri)

  1. to propose (marriage)
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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From Old Norse fría, from fri (Etymology 1).[1]

Alternative forms

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Verb

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fri (present tense frir, past tense fridde, past participle fritt/fridd, passive infinitive friast, present participle friande, imperative fri)

  1. to free

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “fri” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

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Old Dutch

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *frī.

Adjective

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frī

  1. free, unbound

Declension

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This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • “frī”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old Frisian

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *frī.

Adjective

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fri

  1. free

Descendants

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Old High German

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *frī.

Adjective

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frī

  1. free

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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fri (takes accusative)

  1. towards, to
  2. against
  3. with
  4. (governing a verbal noun) about to
  5. from (with scaraid (“to separate”) and its compounds and syonyms)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:fri.

Inflection

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Inflection of fri
Person Normal Emphatic
1st person sing. frimm, frium(m) fri(u)msa
2d person sing. frit(t), friut(t) fritso, fritsu
3d sing. masc./neut., dative
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative fris(s) frissom, frissium
3d sing. fem., dative
3d sing. fem., accusative frie
1st person pl. frinn frinn(a)i
2d person pl. frib fribsi
3d person pl., dative
3d person pl., accusative friu friusom

Forms combined with the definite article:

Forms combined with the relative particle:

Forms combined with a possessive determiner:

  • frim (first-person singular)
  • frit (second-person singular)
  • fria (third-person singular/plural)

Descendants

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  • Middle Irish: fri
    • Irish: ré, re (“against, towards, with”)
      ⇒ Irish: fa ré, fara, frae (“along with, beside”)
    • Manx: rish
    • Scottish Gaelic: ri

Further reading

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Old Saxon

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-West Germanic *frī.

Adjective

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frī (comparative frīoro, superlative frīost)

  1. free
Declension
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Positive forms of frī
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative frī frīe frī frīe frī frīu
accusative frīana frīe frī frīe frīa frīu
genitive frīes frīarō frīes frīarō frīaro frīarō
dative frīumu frīum frīumu frīum frīaro frīum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative frīo frīu frīa frīu frīa frīu
accusative frīun frīun frīa frīun frīun frīun
genitive frīun frīonō frīun frīonō frīun frīonō
dative frīun frīum frīun frīum frīun frīum
Comparative forms of frī (weak only)
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative frīoro frīoru frīora frīoru frīora frīoru
accusative frīorun frīorun frīora frīorun frīorun frīorun
genitive frīorun frīoronō frīorun frīoronō frīorun frīoronō
dative frīorun frīorum frīorun frīorum frīorun frīorum
Superlative forms of frī
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative frīost frīoste frīost frīoste frīost frīostu
accusative frīostana frīoste frīost frīoste frīosta frīostu
genitive frīostes frīostarō frīostes frīostarō frīostaro frīostarō
dative frīostumu frīostum frīostumu frīostum frīostaro frīostum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative frīosto frīostu frīosta frīostu frīosta frīostu
accusative frīostun frīostun frīosta frīostun frīostun frīostun
genitive frīostun frīostonō frīostun frīostonō frīostun frīostonō
dative frīostun frīostum frīostun frīostum frīostun frīostum


Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From Proto-Germanic *frijō.

Noun

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frī f

  1. woman

References

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  • Joseph Wright, An Old English Grammar (Oxford 1908)

Scots

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Etymology

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From Old English fram.

Preposition

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fri

  1. (Southern Scots) from

See also

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Sranan Tongo

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Etymology

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From English free.

Adjective

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fri

  1. free

Verb

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fri

  1. to set free

Noun

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fri

  1. freedom
    • 1961, Michaël Slory, ““Sarka – Gi Yomo Kenyata (Kenya)” [Bitter struggle – For Jomo Kenyatta (Kenya)]”, in Sarka / Bittere strijd‎[2], Amsterdam: Pegasus:
      Fri yu no kan skrifi na / ini den nangra fu den opete.
      Freedom cannot be written / in the clutches of vultures.

Swedish

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Etymology

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From Middle Low German vri, from Old Saxon frī.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /friː/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -iː

Adjective

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fri

  1. free, unconstrained
  2. free, not imprisoned, released
    fri mot borgen ― released on bail
  3. free, without obligations
    Du är fri att göra som du vill.
    You are free to do as you please.
  4. free of charge, gratis

Declension

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Inflection of fri
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular fri friare friast
Neuter singular fritt friare friast
Plural fria friare friast
Masculine plural3 frie friare friast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 frie friare friaste
All fria friare friaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

Derived terms

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Tarifit

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Verb

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fri (Tifinagh spelling ⴼⵔⵉ)

  1. (transitive) to tear, to rip

Conjugation

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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fri

  1. Soft mutation of bri.

Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
bri fri mri unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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