fri
Bislama edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
fri
Breton edit
Etymology edit
Cognate with Cornish frig (“nostril”); perhaps related to Proto-Celtic *srognā (compare Welsh ffroen (“nostril”), Old Irish srón (“nose”)).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fri m (plural frioù)
Danish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Middle Low German vrīen (“to marry”), from Old Saxon friohon.
Verb edit
fri (imperative fri, present frier or frir, past friede, past participle friet)
- to propose (to ask for one's hand in marriage)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Middle Low German vrī.
Adjective edit
fri (neuter frit, plural and definite singular attributive frie, comparative friere, superlative (predicative) friest, superlative (attributive) frieste)
Derived terms edit
- ufri (“constrained, inhibited, not free”)
Etymology 3 edit
Borrowed from Middle Low German vrīen (“to free”), from the adjective vri (“free”).
Verb edit
fri (imperative fri, present frier or frir, past friede, past participle friet)
- to free (to make free)
References edit
- “fri” in Den Danske Ordbog
Esperanto edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
fri
- (neologism) including the cost of[1]
- mil eŭroj fri haveno
- a thousand euros including shipping costs
- cent dolaroj fri dogano
- one hundred dollars including customs duty
- mil eŭroj fri haveno
Usage notes edit
Unofficial and technical. In everyday language, this would be expressed with a more wordy phrase.
References edit
Kashubian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
fri (not comparable, indeclinable, no derived adverb)
Further reading edit
- Stefan Ramułt (1893) “fri”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego[2] (in Kashubian), page 38
Irish edit
Preposition edit
fri (plus dative, triggers h-prothesis)
Middle Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish fri, from Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).
Preposition edit
fri (takes accusative)
- towards, to
- c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
- Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chuci-sium isin mbruidin.
- They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall.
- (literally, “A welcome was provided to them all…”)
Inflection edit
- Third-person plural accusative: friu
Descendants edit
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Middle Low German vrī. Cognates include Danish fri, Swedish fri, German frei, Dutch vrij, English free, and Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (freis).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
fri (neuter singular fritt, definite singular and plural frie, comparative friere, indefinite superlative friest, definite superlative frieste)
- free, not imprisoned or enslaved
- en fri mann ― a free man
- free, not blocked
- fri ferdsel ― free traffic
- free, no payment necessary
- fri inngang ― free admission
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “fri” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Low German vrī.[1] Akin to English free.
Adjective edit
fri (neuter singular fritt, definite singular and plural frie, comparative friare, indefinite superlative friast, definite superlative friaste)
- free, not imprisoned or enslaved
- ein fri mann ― a free man
- free, not blocked
- fri ferdsel ― free traffic
- free, no payment necessary
- fri inngang ― free admission
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Low German vrien and Old Norse frjá (“to love”).[1]
Alternative forms edit
Verb edit
fri (present tense frir, past tense fridde, past participle fritt/fridd, passive infinitive friast, present participle friande, imperative fri)
- to propose (marriage)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
From Old Norse fría, from fri (Etymology 1).[1]
Alternative forms edit
Verb edit
fri (present tense frir, past tense fridde, past participle fritt/fridd, passive infinitive friast, present participle friande, imperative fri)
- to free
References edit
Anagrams edit
Old Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *frī.
Adjective edit
frī
Inflection edit
This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “frī”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old Frisian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *frī.
Adjective edit
fri
Descendants edit
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *frī.
Adjective edit
frī
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
fri (takes accusative)
For quotations using this term, see Citations:fri.
Inflection edit
Person | Normal | Emphatic |
---|---|---|
1st person sing. | frimm, frium(m) | fri(u)msa |
2d person sing. | frit(t), friut(t) | fritso, fritsu |
3d sing. masc./neut., dative | ||
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative | fris(s) | frissom, frissium |
3d sing. fem., dative | ||
3d sing. fem., accusative | frie | |
1st person pl. | frinn | frinn(a)i |
2d person pl. | frib | fribsi |
3d person pl., dative | ||
3d person pl., accusative | friu | friusom |
Forms combined with the definite article:
Forms combined with the relative particle:
Forms combined with a possessive determiner:
Descendants edit
- Middle Irish: fri
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “fri”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, §§ 433, 839, pages 272–73, 514–15
Old Saxon edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-West Germanic *frī.
Adjective edit
frī (comparative frīoro, superlative frīost)
Declension edit
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frī | frīe | frī | frīe | frī | frīu |
accusative | frīana | frīe | frī | frīe | frīa | frīu |
genitive | frīes | frīarō | frīes | frīarō | frīaro | frīarō |
dative | frīumu | frīum | frīumu | frīum | frīaro | frīum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frīo | frīu | frīa | frīu | frīa | frīu |
accusative | frīun | frīun | frīa | frīun | frīun | frīun |
genitive | frīun | frīonō | frīun | frīonō | frīun | frīonō |
dative | frīun | frīum | frīun | frīum | frīun | frīum |
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frīoro | frīoru | frīora | frīoru | frīora | frīoru |
accusative | frīorun | frīorun | frīora | frīorun | frīorun | frīorun |
genitive | frīorun | frīoronō | frīorun | frīoronō | frīorun | frīoronō |
dative | frīorun | frīorum | frīorun | frīorum | frīorun | frīorum |
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frīost | frīoste | frīost | frīoste | frīost | frīostu |
accusative | frīostana | frīoste | frīost | frīoste | frīosta | frīostu |
genitive | frīostes | frīostarō | frīostes | frīostarō | frīostaro | frīostarō |
dative | frīostumu | frīostum | frīostumu | frīostum | frīostaro | frīostum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | frīosto | frīostu | frīosta | frīostu | frīosta | frīostu |
accusative | frīostun | frīostun | frīosta | frīostun | frīostun | frīostun |
genitive | frīostun | frīostonō | frīostun | frīostonō | frīostun | frīostonō |
dative | frīostun | frīostum | frīostun | frīostum | frīostun | frīostum |
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Germanic *frijō.
Noun edit
frī f
References edit
- Joseph Wright, An Old English Grammar (Oxford 1908)
Scots edit
Etymology edit
From Old English fram.
Preposition edit
fri
See also edit
Sranan Tongo edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
fri
Verb edit
fri
- to set free
Noun edit
fri
- freedom
- 1961, Michaël Slory, ““Sarka – Gi Yomo Kenyata (Kenya)” [Bitter struggle – For Jomo Kenyatta (Kenya)]”, in Sarka / Bittere strijd[3], Amsterdam: Pegasus:
- Fri yu no kan skrifi na / ini den nangra fu den opete.
- Freedom cannot be written / in the clutches of vultures.
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Low German vri, from Old Saxon frī.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
fri
- free, unconstrained
- free, not imprisoned, released
- fri mot borgen ― released on bail
- free, without obligations
- Du är fri att göra som du vill.
- You are free to do as you please.
- free of charge, gratis
Declension edit
Inflection of fri | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | fri | friare | friast |
Neuter singular | fritt | friare | friast |
Plural | fria | friare | friast |
Masculine plural3 | frie | friare | friast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | frie | friare | friaste |
All | fria | friare | friaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Derived terms edit
- alkolholfri
- alliansfri
- avgiftsfri
- bombfri
- felfri
- fria
- frige
- frigöra
- frihamn
- frihandel
- friherre
- friherrinna
- frihet
- friidrott
- frikostig
- frikyrka
- frikår
- frikänna
- friland
- frilans
- friliggande
- frilufts-
- frilägga
- frimurare
- frimärke
- fripassagerare
- frisim
- frisinnad
- frisinne
- friskola
- frisläppa
- frispark
- fristad
- fristat
- fristil
- fristående
- frita
- fritid
- fritt
- frivillig
- frostfri
- isfri
- kostnadsfri
- momsfri
- mötesfri
- ofri
- problemfri
- receptfri
- reklamfri
- rostfri
- skattefri
- valfri
Tarifit edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
fri (Tifinagh spelling ⴼⵔⵉ)
- (transitive) to tear, to rip
Conjugation edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms edit
- Verbal noun: afray
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fri
- Soft mutation of bri.
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
bri | fri | mri | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |