já

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ja"

Contents

Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jaː/

• audio

  (file)

Pronoun

já (first person)

1. I

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	já	my
genitive	mě/mne	nás
dative	mně/mi	nám
accusative	mě/mne	nás
vocative	-	-
locative	mně	nás
instrumental	mnou	námi

Derived terms

• jáství n

Noun

já n (indeclinable)

1. (psychoanalysis) ego

Synonyms

• ego n

See also

• nadjá n
• ono n

Further reading

• já in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• já in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jauː/
• Rhymes: -auː

Adverb

já

1. yes

Synonyms

• jamm (informal)
• jahá (informal, joyful)

Interjection

já

1. (informal) yes (as an exclamation of joy or excitement)

Synonyms

• jess (informal)
• jei (informal)
• jahá (informal)

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Inari Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *jahw.

Conjunction

já

1. and

Further reading

• Entry 34581 in Álgu database

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Indo-Portuguese

Etymology

From Portuguese já (“already; now”), from Old Portuguese ja, from Latin iam (“already”), from Proto-Indo-European *yē (“already”).

Particle

já

1. used in conjunction with the past tense
   • 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3:

     Já fallou par su pai aquêl mais piquin, […]

     The youngest one told his father, […]

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Northern Sami

Etymology

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈjaː/

Adverb

já

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Further reading

• Álgu database

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Old Norse

Adverb

já

1. yes

Interjection

já

1. (informal) yes (as an exclamation of joy or excitement)

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Portuguese

Alternative forms

• ja (obsolete)
• jah (Internet slang)

Etymology

From Old Portuguese ja, from Latin iam (“already”), from Proto-Indo-European *yē (“already”). Cognate with French jà/déjà and Spanish ya.

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʒa/

Adverb

já (not comparable)

2. (usually preceding verbs in the past tense) already (indicating that something has happened before)

   Já li esse livro.

   I have already read this book.

4. (usually following verbs in the present tense) now (at this instant)

   Consigo fazer isso já.

   I can do this right now.

   Compre já!

   Buy now!

   Synonym: agora

6. (in negative sentences, preceding the adverb não) any more; any longer

   Eu já não leio mais muitos livros.

   I don’t read many books any more.

   Synonym: mais

8. (usually preceding verbs in the present tense) in a minute; soon

   Não me apresse, eu já faço isso.

   Don’t rush me, I will do this in a minute.

   Synonyms: logo; já, já

10. (preceding noun phrases) on the other hand, however

    Gosto de ler, já a minha mãe não lê nem as notícias.

    I enjoy reading, my mother, on the other hand, doesn’t even read the news.

    Synonyms: por outro lado, no entanto

11. (preceding a verb in the passive participle) ever

    O melhor bolo já feito

    The best cake ever made

13. (Portugal, informal, preceding verbs) really (used for emphasis)

    Já está difícil essa prova!

    This test is really hard!

Usage notes

In Portuguese, já is said more frequently than the English equivalents. It is sometimes left untranslated altogether.

Quotations

For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:já.

Derived terms

• como já era de se esperar
• já agora
• já era
• já era hora
• já vai tarde

• já era tempo
• já que
• já sei

Descendants

• Angolar: dha
• Annobonese: za
• Guinea-Bissau Creole: dja
• Indo-Portuguese: já
• Kabuverdianu: dja
• Korlai Creole Portuguese: ja, ya
• Macanese: já
• Kristang: jah
• Principense: za
• Sãotomense: za