jos
See also: Appendix:Variations of "jos"
English edit
Noun edit
jos
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *jos. Originally the lative singular of joka; jo- + -s (lative suffix).
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
jos
- (subordinating) if (supposing that)
- mitä jos... ― what if...
- nyt jos koskaan ― now if ever
- jos niin ajattelee ― if one thinks that way
- tulee jos on tullakseen ― it'll come if it'll come
- Ostan hienon auton, jos voitan lotossa. ― I will buy a fancy car if I win the lottery.
- Jos saisit valita, minkä näistä ottaisit? ― If you could choose, which one of these would you take?
- Jos nyt kerran kuuntelisit, ehkä saisimme jotain aikaankin! ― If you listened for once, maybe we could get somewhere!
- Jos metsässä kaatuu puu ja kukaan ei ole kuulemassa, kuuluuko siitä ääni? ― If a tree falls in a forest and no one is around to hear it, does it make a sound?
- Kuka muu se voisi olla, jos et sinä? ― Who else could it be if it's not you?
- Mikä olisi ollut ammattisi, jos olisit elänyt 200 vuotta sitten? ― What would have been your job if you had lived 200 years ago?
- (colloquial, proscribed) if, whether (used to introduce an indirect question)
- Synonym: -ko
- Jos tulisit katsomaan. ― If you could come here to look.
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “jos”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *jos. Cognates include Finnish jos and Livvi jos.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈjos/, [ˈjo̞z̠]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈjos/, [ˈjo̞ʒ̥]
- Rhymes: -os
- Hyphenation: jos
Conjunction edit
jos
- if
- 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. I. Molotsova, Loonnontiito (ensimäin osa): oppikirja alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:
- Jos kynnetyn maan pääl möö kaivaamma havvan, nii havvan servääs möö näemmä slojan mustaa tali harmaata maata.
- If in the surface of the earth we dig a pit, then on the edge of the pit we see a layer of black or grey soil.
- so that, in order that
Usage notes edit
- In the sense "if", jos can be used with either a conditional, an indicative or an infinitive. The first tense is used to describe irrealis conditions, the second to describe future conditions, and the third one is used to give general statements:
- Jos siä kuralle katsoisit, siis minnua näkisit. ― If you looked to the left, then you would see me.
- Jos siä kuralle katsot, siis minnua näät. ― If you look to the left, then you will see me.
- Jos kuralle katsoa, saap minnua nähhä. ― If one looks to the left, he will be able to see me.
Synonyms edit
References edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 106
Lithuanian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronoun edit
jõs
- (third-person feminine plural) they
- third-person singular genitive of ji
- (third-person singular feminine possessive) her
Declension edit
declension of jos
See also edit
Lithuanian personal pronouns
singular (vienaskaita) | dual (dviskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | reflexive (sangrąžiniai) | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||||||||||
m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | ||||||||||
nominative (vardininkas) |
àš | tù | jìs, jisaĩ |
jì, jinaĩ |
mùdu | mùdvi | jùdu | jùdvi | juõdu, jiẽdu |
jiẽdvi | mẽs | jū̃s | jiẽ | jõs | - | ||||
genitive (kilmininkas) |
manę̃s | tavę̃s | jõ | jõs | mùdviejų | jùdviejų | jų̃dviejų | mū́sų | jū́sų | jų̃ | savę̃s | ||||||||
dative (naudininkas) |
mán | táu | jám | jái | mùdviem | jùdviem | jõdviem | mùms | jùms | jíems | jóms | sáu | |||||||
accusative (galininkas) |
manè | tavè | jį̃ | ją̃ | mùdu | mùdvi | jùdu | jùdvi | juõdu | jiẽdvi | mùs | jùs | juõs | jàs | savè | ||||
instrumental (įnagininkas) |
manimì, manim̃ | tavimì, tavim̃ | juõ | jà | mùdviem | jùdviem | jõdviem | mumìs | jumìs | jaĩs | jomìs | savimì, savim̃ | |||||||
locative (vietininkas) |
manyjè, manỹ | tavyjè, tavỹ | jamè | jojè | mùdviese | jùdviese | jiẽdviese | mumysè | jumysè | juosè | josè | savyjè, savỹ | |||||||
possessive (savybiniai) |
màno | tàvo | jõ | jõs | mùdviejų | jùdviejų | jų̃dviejų | mū́sų | jū́sų | jų̃ | sàvo |
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
jõs
Livvi edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *jos.
Conjunction edit
jos
Synonyms edit
References edit
Mauritian Creole edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
jos
Northern Sami edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Finnic (compare Finnish jos).
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
jos
Further reading edit
- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[3], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Occitan edit
Etymology edit
From Old Occitan jos, from Late Latin iōsum, from Classical Latin deorsum.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
jos
References edit
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “deorsum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 3: D–F, page 43
Old Catalan edit
Adverb edit
jos
- Alternative form of jus (“down”)
Preposition edit
jos
- Alternative form of jus (“below”)
References edit
- “jos” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Old Occitan edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Late Latin iūsum~iōsum, from Classical Latin deorsum.
Adverb edit
jos
- down
Derived terms edit
Preposition edit
jos
- below
Descendants edit
- Occitan: jos
References edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Late Latin iōsum, from Classical Latin deorsum.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
jos
See also edit
Adjective edit
jos m or n (feminine singular joasă, masculine plural joși, feminine and neuter plural joase)
Declension edit
Declension of jos
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- jos in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Swedish edit
Noun edit
jos c
- Alternative form of juice
Usage notes edit
The usual Swedish spelling is juice. Jos is a less-used variant coined during the 1970s. See the usage notes for juice.
Declension edit
Declension of jos | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | jos | josen | joser | joserna |
Genitive | jos | josens | josers | josernas |