viola

See also: Viola, víóla, vióla, violá, violà, and Vióla

Contents

English

A viola is a stringed instrument of the violin family

Etymology 1

A viola is a stringed instrument of the guitar family

From Italian viola, from Old Occitan viola (modern Occitan viula), from Medieval Latin vitula (“stringed instrument”). Compare viol.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /viˈəʊ.lə/
• (US, Canada) IPA^(key): /viˈoʊ.lə/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əʊlə

Noun

viola (plural violas)

1. (music) A stringed instrument of the violin family, somewhat larger than a violin, played under the chin, and having a deeper tone.
2. (music) An organ stop having a similar tone.
3. (music) A 10-string steel-string acoustic guitar, used in Brazilian folk music.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• viola da gamba
• viola di bordone

• viola paradon
• violist or violaist

Translations

music: stringed instrument of the violin family

• Afrikaans: altviool
• Armenian: ալտ (hy) (alt)
• Basque: biola
• Catalan: viola (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 中提琴 (zh) (zhōngtíqín)

• Czech: viola (cs) f
• Danish: bratsch (da) c
• Dutch: altviool (nl)
• Esperanto: aldviolono
• Estonian: vioola
• Faroese: bratsj f
• Finnish: alttoviulu (fi)
• French: violon alto (fr) m,alto (fr) m
• Georgian: please add this translation if you can
• German: Bratsche (de) f
• Greek: βιόλα (el) f (vióla)
• Hungarian: brácsa (hu), mélyhegedű (hu)
• Icelandic: víóla f, lágfiðla (is) f
• Ido: alto (io)
• Irish: vióla f
• Italian: viola (it) f
• Japanese: ビオラ (biora), ヴィオラ (ja) (viora)
• Korean: 비올라 (biolla)

• Macedonian: виола f (vióla)
• Malay: biola
• Maori: waiora, tiora
• Mirandese: biola
• Occitan: violon alto m
• Polish: altówka (pl) f
• Portuguese: viola (pt) f

  Brazil: violeta (pt) f

  Portugal: viola d'arco f

• Quechua: wiyula
• Romanian: violă (ro) f, alto (ro) m
• Russian: альт (ru) m (alʹt)
• Scots: viola
• Scottish Gaelic: ailt f, ailt-fhidheall f
• Spanish: viola (es) f
• Swahili: viola
• Swedish: viola (sv) c, altfiol (sv) c
• Tagalog: biyola
• Turkish: viyola (tr)
• Uzbek: alt (uz)
• Vietnamese: viola (vi)
• West Frisian: altfioele
• Yiddish: וויאָלע‎‎ f (vyole)

music: organ stop

• Czech: viola (cs) f

• Russian: альт (ru) m (alʹt)

music: Brazilian 10-string guitar

• Finnish: viola (fi)

• Portuguese: viola (pt) f

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Dutch: ^{(please verify)} altviool (nl)
• French: ^{(please verify)} alto (fr)

• Slovene: ^{(please verify)} viola (sl) f

References

Etymology 2

Viola mandshurica, one of the flowering plants of the genus Viola

From Latin viola (“violet”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈviː.ələ/, /ˈvʌɪələ/
• (US) IPA^(key): /vaɪˈoʊlə/, /vɪˈoʊlə/, /ˈvaɪ.ələ/

Noun

viola (plural violas)

1. (botany) Any of several flowering plants, of the genus Viola, including the violets and pansies.

Translations

botany: any of several flowering plants

• Catalan: viola (ca) f
• Czech: violka f
• Faroese: blákolla f
• Finnish: orvokki (fi)
• Greek: βιόλα (el) f (vióla)
• Hungarian: ibolya (hu), árvácska (hu)
• Italian: viola (it)
• Macedonian: љубичица f (ljubíčica), темјанушка f (temjánuška)

• Maori: tiora
• Polish: fiołek (pl) m
• Portuguese: violeta (pt) f
• Romanian: violă (ro) f, viorea (ro) f, toporaș (ro) m
• Russian: фиа́лка (ru) f (fiálka)
• Scottish Gaelic: goirmean-searradh m
• Spanish: violeta (es) f
• Swedish: viol (sv) c

References

Etymology 3

Interjection

viola

1. Misconstruction of voila
   • 2011, Hedge Funds for Dummies:

     [...] ; you fill out a form; you write your check; and viola! You're a mutual fund shareholder.

References

• Viola (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Viola (instrument) on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
• Viola (Violaceae) on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Anagrams

• Ivalo, oliva, voila, voilà, volia

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Asturian

Adjective

viola

1. violet

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Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /viˈɔ.lə/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /biˈɔ.lə/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /viˈɔ.la/

Etymology 1

From Latin viola.

Noun

viola f (plural violes)

1. viola (flowering plant of the genus Viola)

Derived terms

• viola alba (V. alba)
• viola boscana (V. sylvestris, now V. reichenbachiana)
• viola canina (V. canina)
• viola d'olor or viola vera (V. odorata)

Etymology 2

Uncertain origin, probably from Occitan viula, derivative of viular (“playing a string instrument” or “wind”)

Noun

viola m, f (plural violes)

1. f viola (musicial instrument)
2. m, f violist

Synonyms

• (violist): violista

Etymology 3

Noun

viola f (plural violes)

1. leapfrog

Etymology 4

Verb

viola

1. third-person singular present indicative form of violar
2. second-person singular imperative form of violar

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Czech

Noun

viola f

1. viola (musical instrument of the violin family)

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Esperanto

Adjective

viola (accusative singular violan, plural violaj, accusative plural violajn)

1. of or relating to the flower violet
2. the color of such flowers, violet
   violet colour:  

   Synonym: violkolora

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Finnish

Noun

viola

1. (music) viola

Declension

Inflection of viola (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		viola	violat
genitive		violan	violoiden violoitten
partitive		violaa	violoita
illative		violaan	violoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		viola	violat
accusative	nom.	viola	violat
	gen.	violan
genitive		violan	violoiden violoitten violainrare
partitive		violaa	violoita
inessive		violassa	violoissa
elative		violasta	violoista
illative		violaan	violoihin
adessive		violalla	violoilla
ablative		violalta	violoilta
allative		violalle	violoille
essive		violana	violoina
translative		violaksi	violoiksi
instructive		—	violoin
abessive		violatta	violoitta
comitative		—	violoineen

Anagrams

• Olavi, loiva, lovia, olvia, valio, valoi

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French

Verb

viola

1. third-person singular past historic of violer

Anagrams

• lovai, voila, voilà, volai

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Italian

Etymology 1

From Latin viola.

Adjective

viola (invariable)

1. purple, violet

Synonyms

• violetto, violaceo

Noun

viola f (plural viole)

1. viola, violet (plant)
2. violet, purple (color)

Synonyms

• (1) violetta
• (2) violetto

Derived terms

• violacciocca
• violaceo

Etymology 2

Possibly from Old Occitan viola (modern Occitan viula), ultimately from Medieval Latin *vitula (“stringed instrument”).

Noun

viola f (plural viole)

1. (music) viola
2. (music) fiddle

Derived terms

• viola da braccio
• viola da gamba
• viola del pensiero

Etymology 3

Verb

viola

1. third-person singular present indicative of violare
2. second-person singular imperative of violare

See also

Anagrams

• oliva, ovali, volai

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Latin

Etymology

Related to Ancient Greek ἴον (íon, “violet”) (from ϝίον). Probably from a pre-I.E. Mediterranean language. See also Middle Persian wnpšk'.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈwi.o.la/, [ˈwi.ɔ.ɫa]

Noun

viola f (genitive violae); first declension

1. violet (flower)

Inflection

First declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	viola	violae
Genitive	violae	violārum
Dative	violae	violīs
Accusative	violam	violās
Ablative	violā	violīs
Vocative	viola	violae

Verb

violā

1. first-person singular present active imperative of violō

Descendants

• Catalan: viola
• English: viola, violet
• French: violette, violet

• Italian: viola, violetta
• Romanian: vioară, violă
• Spanish: viola

References

• viola in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• viola in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• viola in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvjɔ.lɐ/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /vi.ˈɔ.lɐ/
• Hyphenation: vi‧o‧la

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese viola, from Old Occitan viola, from Medieval Latin vitula, from Vitula, Roman goddess of joy and victory.

Noun

viola f (plural violas)

1. (music) viola (a bowed instrument larger than a violin)
2. (music) viol (a bowed instrument of the violin family held between the legs)
3. (music) viola; viola caipira (10-string acoustic guitar used in Brazilian folk music)
4. (music, Brazil, loosely or affectionate) acoustic guitar
5. guitarfish (any of the rays in the Rhinobatidae family)

Synonyms

• (viol): viola da gamba
• (viola caipira): viola caipira
• (acoustic guitar): violão, guitarra
• (guitarfish): cação-viola, raia-viola, arraia-viola

Derived terms

• violinha (diminutive)

Derived terms

• adeus viola
• cação-viola
• enfiar a viola no saco
• meter a viola no saco
• raia-viola
• viola bastarda

• viola braguesa
• viola caipira
• viola de amor
• viola de arame
• viola de braço
• viola francesa

• violão
• viola pomposa
• viola sertaneja
• violeiro
• violista

Related terms

• viola da gamba
• violino
• violoncelo

Etymology 2

Verb

viola

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of violar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of violar

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Romanian

Etymology

From French violer, from Latin violō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vjoˈla/

Verb

a viola (third-person singular present violează, past participle violat) 1st conj.

1. to violate
2. to rape

Conjugation

    conjugation of viola (first conjugation, -ez- infix)

infinitive			a viola
gerund			violând
past participle			violat
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	violez	violezi	violează	violăm	violați	violează
	imperfect	violam	violai	viola	violam	violați	violau
	simple perfect	violai	violași	violă	violarăm	violarăți	violară
	pluperfect	violasem	violaseși	violase	violaserăm	violaserăți	violaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să violez	să violezi	să violeze	să violăm	să violați	să violeze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		violează			violați
	negative		nu viola			nu violați

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Spanish

Etymology 1

From Italian viola.

Noun

viola f (plural violas)

1. viola (musical instrument)

Etymology 2

Verb

viola

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of violar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of violar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of violar.