alto
English Edit
Etymology Edit
Borrowed from Italian alto (“high”). Doublet of old.
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
- A musical part or section higher than tenor and lower than soprano, formerly the part that performed a countermelody above the tenor or main melody.
- A person or musical instrument that performs the alto part.
- (colloquial, music) An alto saxophone
Usage notes Edit
Synonyms Edit
- (musical part or section): contratenor altus, high countertenor
Coordinate terms Edit
Derived terms Edit
Translations Edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Further reading Edit
Anagrams Edit
Asturian Edit
Adjective Edit
alto n sg
Dutch Edit
Etymology Edit
From a shortening of alternatieveling or alternatief + -o.
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
alto m (plural alto's)
- (Netherlands, derogatory) Someone who participates in an alternative subculture (e.g. a hipster, emo or punk).
- Synonyms: alternatieveling, alternativo
Esperanto Edit
Etymology Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
alto (accusative singular alton, plural altoj, accusative plural altojn)
- height; elevation; altitude
- (Can we date this quote?), Vladimír Váňa (translator), Aventuroj de la Brava Soldato Ŝvejk dum la Mondmilito (The Good Soldier Švejk) by Jaroslav Hašek, Part 1, Chapter 15,
- Pri kio morgaŭ prelegi al unujaraj volontuloj en la lernejo? Ĉu pri tio, kiel ni difinas la alton de monteto? Kial ni mezuras la alton ĉiam de la marnivelo? Kiel el altoj super la marnivelo elkalkuli propran alton de la monteto ekde ĝia piedo?
- What should he lecture on to the volunteers in the school tomorrow? How do we determined the height of a given hill? Why do we reckon the height from sea level? How can we establish from its height above sea level the height of a mountain from its foot? (Cecil Parrott translation, Heinemann, 1973)
- (Can we date this quote?), Sergio Pokrovskij (translator), La Majstro kaj Margarita (The Master and Margarita) by Mikhail Bulgakov, Book Two, Chapter 24,
- [...] la peza fenestra kurteno ŝoviĝis flanken, la fenestro larĝe malfermiĝis kaj en la fora alto vidiĝis la plena [...] luno.
- [...] the heavy curtain over the window was pushed aside, the window opened wide, and high above (lit. in the distant height) appeared the full moon.
- (Can we date this quote?), Vladimír Váňa (translator), Aventuroj de la Brava Soldato Ŝvejk dum la Mondmilito (The Good Soldier Švejk) by Jaroslav Hašek, Part 1, Chapter 15,
See also Edit
French Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
alto m (plural altos)
Further reading Edit
- “alto”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician Edit
Etymology Edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese alto, from Latin altus. This form is probably semi-learned or influenced by learned orthography, as with Portuguese alto and Spanish alto. Cf. also the now archaic form outo, which was probably popularly inherited from an unattested hypothetical *outo, present also in place names as Montouto (“High-hill”), from the same Latin word (compare also Old Spanish oto).
Pronunciation Edit
Adjective Edit
alto m (feminine singular alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas)
Antonyms Edit
- (high): baixo
Derived terms Edit
Related terms Edit
Noun Edit
alto m (plural altos)
Adverb Edit
alto
References Edit
- “alto” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “alto” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “alto” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “alto” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “alto” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Ingrian Edit
Etymology Edit
From Proto-Finnic *alto. Cognates include Finnish aalto (dialectal alto) and dialectal Estonian ald.
Pronunciation Edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈɑlto/, [ˈɑɫtŏ̞̥]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈɑlto/, [ˈɑɫd̥o̞]
- Rhymes: -ɑlto
- Hyphenation: al‧to
Noun Edit
alto
Declension Edit
Declension of alto (type 4/koivu, lt-ll gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | alto | allot |
genitive | allon | altoin, altoloin |
partitive | altoa | altoja, altoloja |
illative | altoo | altoi, altoloihe |
inessive | alloos | allois, altolois |
elative | allost | alloist, altoloist |
allative | allolle | alloille, altoloille |
adessive | allool | alloil, altoloil |
ablative | allolt | alloilt, altoloilt |
translative | alloks | alloiks, altoloiks |
essive | altonna, altoon | altoinna, altoloinna, altoin, altoloin |
exessive1) | altont | altoint, altoloint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Synonyms Edit
References Edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 11
Italian Edit
Etymology Edit
From Latin altus (“high”), from Proto-Italic *altos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eltós, derived from the root *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”). Cognate with English old and Welsh allt.
Pronunciation Edit
Adjective Edit
alto (feminine alta, masculine plural alti, feminine plural alte, superlative altissimo)
- high, tall
- Antonym: basso
- L'uomo alto è il mio padre. ― The tall man is my father.
- deep
- uno stagno alto 4 metri ― a pond 4 meters deep
- loud
- ad alta voce ― in a loud voice
Derived terms Edit
Related terms Edit
Descendants Edit
Further reading Edit
- alto in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams Edit
Kapampangan Edit
Alternative forms Edit
- altao (obsolete, Abecedario)
- altau (archaic)
- altaw (archaic, Súlat Wáwâ)
Etymology Edit
From earlier altau, metathesis from Proto-Philippine *lətaw. Compare Tagalog litaw and Cebuano lutaw.
Pronunciation Edit
Verb Edit
altó
Derived terms Edit
Ladino Edit
Etymology Edit
Adjective Edit
alto (Latin spelling, feminine alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas)
Latin Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈal.toː/, [ˈäɫ̪t̪oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈal.to/, [ˈäl̪t̪o]
Etymology 1 Edit
From altus (“high, deep”) + -ō.
Verb Edit
altō (present infinitive altāre); first conjugation, no perfect or supine stem
Conjugation Edit
Etymology 2 Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective Edit
altō
Etymology 3 Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Participle Edit
altō
References Edit
- “alto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- alto in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- alto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) the tide is coming in: aestus ex alto se incitat (B. G. 3.12)
- (ambiguous) the storm drives some one on an unknown coast: procella (tempestas) aliquem ex alto ad ignotas terras (oras) defert
- (ambiguous) to make fast boats to anchors: naves (classem) constituere (in alto)
- (ambiguous) the tide is coming in: aestus ex alto se incitat (B. G. 3.12)
Portuguese Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- (Rural Central Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈaw.tʷ/
- Homophone: auto (Brazil)
- Rhymes: (Portugal) -altu, (Brazil) -awtu
- Hyphenation: al‧to
Etymology 1 Edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese alto, from Latin altus, ultimately of Proto-Indo-European origin. This form is likely a semi-learned term, or was influenced by learned elements of the language and uses such an orthography, as with Galician and Spanish alto (which have popularly inherited variants outo and oto, respectively). There was once likely an *outo in Old Galician-Portuguese that is not attested[1], but which left an inherited descendant in Galician. See also outeiro, a related word.
Adjective Edit
alto (feminine alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas, comparable, comparative mais alto, superlative o mais alto or altíssimo, diminutive altinho, augmentative altão)
Derived terms Edit
Related terms Edit
Adverb Edit
alto (comparable, comparative mais alto, superlative o mais alto)
- loud; loudly
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 445:
- Não fale tão alto...
- Don't speak so loud...
Descendants Edit
- Kabuverdianu: altu
Etymology 2 Edit
From the imperative of German halten.
Interjection Edit
alto!
- halt!
See also Edit
References Edit
Spanish Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Etymology 1 Edit
Borrowed from Latin altus, ultimately of Proto-Indo-European origin. The form alto represents a pronunciation influenced by the most learned layers of the language, and is not the normal phonetic result expected in a naturally inherited word. Cf. the now archaic form oto, which was used more often in Old Spanish and is the form of the word that was completely popularly inherited, preserved in some toponyms/placenames[1], and its derivative otear and the rare or regional otar[2]. Compare also archaic Galician outo (versus the standard alto today). See also the related Spanish otero (and Portuguese outeiro).
Adjective Edit
alto (feminine alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas, superlative altísimo)
- tall
- Antonym: bajo
- Esas chicas son altas. ― Those girls are tall.
- high
- Antonym: bajo
- Es un número alto. ― It's a high number.
- loud
- En voz alta. ― Out loud.
- alto y claro ― loud and clear
- upper, top
- senior (rank)
Derived terms Edit
- Alta Austria
- Alta California
- alta costura
- alta danza
- Alta Edad Media
- alta fidelidad
- alta gama
- alta mar
- alta montaña
- alta tecnología
- alta tensión
- alta traición
- altamente
- altas esferas
- altas horas
- altear
- alteza
- altibajo
- altillo
- altísimo
- altivo
- alto alemán
- alto alemán medio
- alto cargo
- alto directivo
- alto ejecutivo
- alto el fuego
- alto funcionario
- Alto Garona
- alto horno
- Alto Loira
- alto mando
- Alto Rin
- Alto Saona
- altoandino
- altoaragonés
- altorrelieve
- Altos Alpes
- altos y bajos
- altura
- be alta
- casa de altos
- clase alta
- comillas altas
- cuello alto
- de alto abajo
- de altos vuelos
- en alto
- en alto grado
- enaltecer
- escuela alta
- lo alto
- marea alta
- Palo Alto
- pasar por alto
- por alto
- por todo lo alto:
- sombrero de copa alta
- temporada alta
- tierras altas
Related terms Edit
Noun Edit
alto m (plural altos)
- height (in measurements)
Adverb Edit
alto
Etymology 2 Edit
Noun Edit
alto m (plural altos)
Derived terms Edit
Interjection Edit
¡alto!
- halt!; stop!
Further reading Edit
- “alto”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
References Edit
- ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ^ “otar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014