züllik

Hungarian

Etymology

Of unknown origin + -ik.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈzylːik]
• Hyphenation: zül‧lik
• Rhymes: -ylːik

Verb

züllik

1. (intransitive) to decay, to become depraved, to fall into degradation (to decline in quality in a moral sense)

Usage notes

This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hull(ik), (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Conjugation

Conjugation of züllik

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	züllök	züllesz	züllik	züllünk	züllötök	züllenek
			def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
			2nd obj
		past	indef.	züllöttem	züllöttél	züllött	züllöttünk	züllöttetek	züllöttek
			def.	―
			2nd obj
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. zülleni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	züllék	züllél	zülle	züllénk	züllétek	züllének
		def.	―
		2nd obj
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. züllik vala, züllött vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	züllendek	züllendesz	züllend	züllendünk	züllendetek	züllendenek
	def.	―
	2nd obj
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	züllenék	züllenél	züllene	züllenénk	züllenétek	züllenének
		def.	―
		2nd obj
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. züllött volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	zülljek	züllj or zülljél	zülljön	zülljünk	zülljetek	zülljenek
			def.	―
			2nd obj
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. züllött légyen
infinitive	zülleni		züllenem	züllened	züllenie	züllenünk	züllenetek	zülleniük
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
	züllés		züllő	züllött	―	züllve (züllvén)

Potential conjugation of züllik

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	züllhetek	züllhetsz	züllhet	züllhetünk	züllhettek	züllhetnek
			def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
			2nd obj
		past	indef.	züllhettem	züllhettél	züllhetett	züllhettünk	züllhettetek	züllhettek
			def.	―
			2nd obj
archaic preterite		indef.	züllheték	züllhetél	züllhete	züllheténk	züllhetétek	züllhetének
		def.	―
		2nd obj
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. züllhet vala, züllhetett vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	züllhetendek or züllandhatok	züllhetendesz or züllandhatsz	züllhetend or züllandhat	züllhetendünk or züllandhatunk	züllhetendetek or züllandhattok	züllhetendenek or züllandhatnak
	def.	―
	2nd obj
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	züllhetnék	züllhetnél	züllhetne	züllhetnénk	züllhetnétek	züllhetnének
		def.	―
		2nd obj
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. züllhetett volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	züllhessek	züllhess or züllhessél	züllhessen	züllhessünk	züllhessetek	züllhessenek
			def.	―
			2nd obj
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. züllhetett légyen
infinitive	(züllhetni)		(züllhetnem)	(züllhetned)	(züllhetnie)	(züllhetnünk)	(züllhetnetek)	(züllhetniük)
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
	―			―		(züllhetve / züllhetvén)

Derived terms

• züllés
• zülleszt

(With verbal prefixes):

• elzüllik
• lezüllik

Further reading

• züllik in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.