érik

See also: erik, Erik, and -erik

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈeːrik]

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: érik
• Rhymes: -eːrik

Etymology 1

Base form: érik, from ér (“to reach”) +‎ -ik

Verb

érik

1. (intransitive) to ripen, mature, become ripe

Usage notes

• This verb is a member of one of those (few) quasi-homonymous verb pairs that exist both with and without an -ik ending. All (intransitive) suffixed forms of these pairs are identical (sometimes they can even have derived forms that coincide), with the exception of their dictionary form (the third-person singular indicative present, with or without -ik). However, the meaning of these pairs is usually distinct, sometimes unrelated. Examples include (fel)áldoz–(le)áldozik, bán–bánik, (meg)bíz–(meg)bízik, ér–érik, esz (rare)–eszik, hajol–hajlik, (felül)múl–(el)múlik, (hozzá)nyúl–nyúlik, (el)vesz–(el)veszik~(el)vész, and tör–törik (along with their verbal prefixes), hall–hallik (archaic), érez–érzik (archaic), sometimes with some difference: (el)hibáz–hibádzik, (le)torkol–torkollik. Therefore one may well need to check the context and the arguments to ascertain which member of the verb pair is relevant.
• This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending only presents itself in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. Similarly, the archaic -ék is not possible, either, in the subjunctive or conditional 3rd-person singular forms, i.e. -jék or -nék, only -jon/-jen-jön can appear as their subjunctive 3rd-person singular forms and -na/-ne as their conditional 3rd-person singular forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hullik, (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Conjugation

conjugation of érik

			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	érek	érsz	érik	érünk	értek	érnek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	értem	értél	érett	értünk	értetek	értek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	érnék	érnél	érne	érnénk	érnétek	érnének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	érjek	érj or érjél	érjen	érjünk	érjetek	érjenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Infinitive	érni		érnem	érned	érnie	érnünk	érnetek	érniük
Other nonfinite verb forms			Verbal noun	Present participle	Past participle	Future part.	Adverbial part.	Potential
			érés	érő	érett	―	érve	érhet

Derived terms

• éretlen
• érlel

 

(With verbal prefixes):

• beérik
• elérik
• leérik
• megérik
• ráérik
• túlérik

Etymology 2

ér +‎ -ik (personal suffix)

Verb

érik

1. third-person plural indicative present definite of ér

   Mindig felháborodik, amikor hazugságon érik. ― He is always outraged when he is caught telling a lie. (literally, “…when they catch him…”)

Usage notes

This form normally occurs when a verbal prefix is separated from the verb:

• érik (…) el, el … érik ― elérik ― elér
• érik (…) fel, fel … érik ― felérik ― felér
• érik (…) meg, meg … érik ― megérik ― megér
• érik (…) utol, utol … érik ― utolérik ― utolér
• and some more, see its derivatives with verbal prefixes.

Further reading

• érik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• érik in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)