率

Translingual

Etymology

Pictogram (象形) – a vibrating string, hence “frequency”. Early forms (oracle, bronze) were a figure 8 (the vibrating string), short verticals at the top and bottom (the ends of the string), together with 4 marks on the sides (2 on each side), indicating vibrations. These have been retained to the present form, while the horizontal lines at top and bottom were added in seal script.

Compare top of 糸 and bottom of 玄, both of which came from similar figure 8 patterns.

Han character

率 (radical 95 玄+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜戈人十 (YIOJ), four-corner 0040₃)

1. to lead
2. ratio
3. rate
4. limit

References

• KangXi: page 725, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20817
• Dae Jaweon: page 1135, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 289, character 3
• Unihan data for U+7387

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Cantonese

Hanzi

率 (Yale leut6, seut1)

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Japanese

Kanji

率 (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: りつ (ritsu), そつ (sotsu)
• Kun: ひきいる (hikiiru), おおむね (oomune), わりあい (wariai)

Suffix

率 (hiragana りつ, romaji ritsu)

1. rate, ratio

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Korean

Hanja

率 (hangeul 솔, 률>율, revised sol, ryul>yul, McCune-Reischauer sol, ryul>yul, Yale sol, lyul>yul)

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Mandarin

Hanzi

率 (pinyin lǜ (lü4), lüè (lüe4), shuài (shuai4), Wade-Giles lü⁴, lüeh⁴, shuai⁴)

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Middle Chinese

Han character

率 (luì, shruit)

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Vietnamese

Han character

率 (suất, chuốt, sót, suốt, sút, thoắt)