hie
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English hien, hyen, highen, heiȝen, hiȝen, from Old English hīgian (“to hie, hasten, strive”), from Proto-West Germanic *hīgōn, from Proto-Germanic *hīgōną (“to breathe, snort”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱēygʰ- (“swift, fierce, violent”).
Cognate with Dutch hijgen (“to pant”), German heichen (“to choke, gasp for breath”), Danish hige (“to aspire, long”), Latin cieō (“set in motion, invoke, provoke”), Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “move, set in motion”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
hie (third-person singular simple present hies, present participle hying or hieing, simple past and past participle hied)
- (intransitive, poetic) To hasten; to go quickly, to hurry.
- 1605, “Rest Sweet Nymphs”, Francis Pilkington (music):
- Hath pleased you, and eased you, and sweet slumber seized you. And now to bed I hie.
- 1717, William Congreve, Samuel Croxall, John Dryden, Laurence Eusden, John Ozell, “Book X”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
- The youth, returning to his mistress, hies.
- (reflexive, poetic) To hurry (oneself).
- c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:
- My husband hies him home.
- 1906, O. Henry, A Cosmopolite in a Café:
- Some have conjectured hastily that all Southerners in town hie themselves to cafés at nightfall.
Usage notes edit
Unlike most reflexive verbs, “hie” generally takes the simple object pronouns rather than the reflexive pronouns. Thus “we hied us” and “hie you,” rather than “we hied ourselves” and “hie yourself.” This peculiarity most likely arises from a sense that the poetic connotations of “hie” accord well with the archaic practice of using object pronouns with reflexive verbs.
Translations edit
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References edit
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “hie”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- “hy, n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [et al.], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.
- “hie | hy, n.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
Anagrams edit
Albanian edit
Noun edit
hie f (plural hie, definite hia, definite plural hiet)
- Alternative form of hije
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
hioa (“to grind, sand, polish”) + -e
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
hie
- microsection (extremely thin slice of stone, metal or other hard material prepared for microscopic inspection)
- (rare) the quality of grinding, degree of sharpness
- Kirveen terä on hyvässä hieessä.
- The blade of the ax is well ground. (i.e. sharp)
- Kirveen terä on hyvässä hieessä.
Declension edit
| Inflection of hie (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | hie | hieet | ||
| genitive | hieen | hieiden hieitten | ||
| partitive | hiettä | hieitä | ||
| illative | hieeseen | hieisiin hieihin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | hie | hieet | ||
| accusative | nom. | hie | hieet | |
| gen. | hieen | |||
| genitive | hieen | hieiden hieitten | ||
| partitive | hiettä | hieitä | ||
| inessive | hieessä | hieissä | ||
| elative | hieestä | hieistä | ||
| illative | hieeseen | hieisiin hieihin | ||
| adessive | hieellä | hieillä | ||
| ablative | hieeltä | hieiltä | ||
| allative | hieelle | hieille | ||
| essive | hieenä | hieinä | ||
| translative | hieeksi | hieiksi | ||
| abessive | hieettä | hieittä | ||
| instructive | — | hiein | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
Synonyms edit
- (degree of sharpness): terä
Further reading edit
- “hie”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Dutch heie, related to the verb heien (“to drive into the ground”).
Pronunciation edit
- (aspirated h) IPA(key): /i/
Audio (file) - Homophones: y, hies, hient
Noun edit
hie f (plural hies)
- stamping/ramming rod
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “hie”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German hie, hī, from Old High German hia, alternative form of hiar, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
hie
Usage notes edit
- The form is still used in the literary expression hie und da, alongside normal hier und da.
Derived terms edit
Hunsrik edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German hie, from Old High German hiar, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
hie
- here
- Er is fun hie.
- He is from here.
Synonyms edit
Further reading edit
Manx edit
Verb edit
hie
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronoun edit
hie
- Alternative form of he (“he”)
Etymology 2 edit
Pronoun edit
hie
- (chiefly southern East Midland dialectal) Alternative form of ye (“ye”)
Etymology 3 edit
Pronoun edit
hie
- Alternative form of heo (“she”)
Etymology 4 edit
Pronoun edit
hie
- Alternative form of he (“they”)
Etymology 5 edit
Verb edit
hie
- Alternative form of hyen
Middle Low German edit
Pronunciation edit
- Stem vowel: ê⁴
Pronoun edit
hie
- Alternative form of hê.
Old Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From earlier hē, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hiz.
Pronoun edit
hie
Declension edit
| 1st person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ik, ic, ih | wī, wīr |
| Accusative | mī, mik, *mic | uns, unsig |
| Genitive | mīn | unsa, *unser |
| Dative | mī | uns, unsig |
| 2nd person | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | thu, tu | gī, ir |
| Accusative | thī, thik, *thic | iu, |
| Genitive | thīn | iuwa, *iuwer |
| Dative | thī | iu |
| 3rd person | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | hē, hie | sia | it |
| Accusative | imo | sia | it |
| Genitive | sīn, is | iro | is |
| Dative | imo | iro | imo |
| Plural | |||
| Nominative | sia, sie (masc. plur.) | ||
| Accusative | sia, sie (masc. plur.) | ||
| Genitive | iro | ||
| Dative | im |
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “hi”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old English edit
Alternative forms edit
- hī, hiġ, hȳ
- ᚻᛁᚫ (hiæ) — Franks Casket
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Reflecting an earlier regularised form of *hijai, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hīz (“these, these ones”), masculine plural of *hiz.
Pronoun edit
hīe (accusative hīe, genitive heora, dative him)
Declension edit
| nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | first person | iċ | mec, mē | mē | mīn | |
| second person | þū | þec, þē | þē | þīn | ||
| third person | neuter | hit | him | his | ||
| masculine | hē | hine | ||||
| feminine | hēo | hīe | hiere | |||
| dual | first person | wit | unc, uncit | unc | uncer | |
| second person | ġit | inc, incit | inc | incer | ||
| plural | first person | wē | ūs, ūsic | ūs | ūser, ūre | |
| second person | ġē | ēow, ēowic | ēow | ēower | ||
| third person | hīe | him | heora | |||
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronoun edit
hīe
- accusative of hēo: her
Saterland Frisian edit
Etymology edit
From Old Frisian hī. Cognates include West Frisian hy and Dutch hij.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
hie (oblique him)
See also edit
References edit
Scots edit
Noun edit
hie (uncountable)
- (obsolete) Haste; diligence.
- a. 1500, “The Taill of Rauf Coilyear”, in David Laing, editor, Select Remains of the Ancient Popular Poetry of Scotland, Edinburgh: Balfour and Clarke, published 1822, page 44:
- Of his harnes in hy, he hynt withoutin hone / And in ane Rob him arrayit richeſt of ane
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1513, Virgil, translated by Gavin Douglas, edited by John Small, Aeneid [The Bukes of Eneados of the Famose Poete Virgill], Edinburgh: William Paterson, published 1874, pages 87–88:
- With thir wourdis he answerd me in hy: / The latter day is cumin of Dardanis end, / The fatale tyme quam na waling ma mend;
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1572, Robert Sempill, “The Lamentatioun of Lady Scotland, &c.”, in The Sempill Ballates, Edinburgh: Thomas George Stevenson, published 1872, page 170:
- Quhilk quhen thay saw, with speid thay ran in hy, […]
- Which when they saw, wih speed they ran in haste
- a. 1597, Alexander Montgomery, edited by David Irving, The Poems of Alexander Montgomery, Edinburgh: James Ballantyne and Co., published 1821, page 168:
- The quhilk but dowt wil be my deid / In hy, / For every man obtenis remeid, / Bot I.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Yola edit
Adjective edit
hie
- Alternative form of heigh
- 1867, OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 18:
- Nich th' hie thoras o' Culpake.
- [Nigh to the high thorns of Colepeak.]
References edit
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 18