us
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English us, from Old English ūs (“us”, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *uns (“us”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n̥smé (“us”). The compensatory lengthening was lost in Middle English due to the word being unstressed while being used. Cognate with Saterland Frisian uus (“us”), West Frisian us, ús (“us”), Low German us (“us”), Dutch ons (“us”), German uns (“us”), Danish os (“us”), Latin nōs (“we, us”).
Pronunciation edit
- (stressed) enPR: ŭs, IPA(key): /ʌs/, /ʌz/
- (unstressed) (US) IPA(key): /əs/, (UK) IPA(key): /əs/, /əz/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ʌs
Pronoun edit
us
- (personal) Me and at least one other person; the objective case of we.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 1:1:
- Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us...
- (Commonwealth, colloquial, chiefly with give) Me.
- Give us a look at your paper.
- Give us your wallet!
- She's turned the weans against us!
- (Northern England) Our.
- We'll have to throw us food out.
- (Northumbria) Me (in all contexts).
- Look at us while you’re speaking to us.
- Could you do that for us?
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
- after us the deluge
- all your base are belong to us
- and so say all of us
- bless us
- can you tell us
- come down to us
- God preserve us
- it happens to the best of us
- let us
- let us count the ways
- let us go
- my very educated mother just served us nachos
- my very educated mother just served us nine pizzas
- my very educated mother just served us nine pumpkins
- my very educated mother just served us noodles
- my very excellent mother just served us nine pizzas
- no longer with us
- nothing about us without us
- still with us
- tell us another
- tell us another one
- them-and-us
- the poor we will always have with us
- they hate us 'cause they ain't us
- till death do us part
- till death us do part
- us-and-them
- us-and-them-ism
- us selves
- us versus them
- with us
Translations edit
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See also edit
Determiner edit
us
- The speakers/writers, or the speaker/writer and at least one other person.
- It's not good enough for us teachers.
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
Derived from the similarity between the letter u and the Greek letter µ.
Symbol edit
us
- Alternative spelling of µs: microsecond
- 2002, Peter Spasov, Microcontroller Technology, the 68HC11, page 489:
- ;wait 500 us
- 2012, Peter Feiler, David Gluch, Model-Based Engineering with AADL:
- The standard units are ns (nanoseconds), us (microseconds), ms (milliseconds), sec (seconds), min (minutes), and hr (hours).
- 2014, Michael Corey, Jeff Szastak, Michael Webster, Virtualizing SQL Server with VMware: Doing IT Right, page 198:
- Because the flash devices are local to the server, the latencies can be microseconds (us) instead of milliseconds (ms) and eliminate some traffic that would normally have gone over the storage network.
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
us
Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
us (proclitic and contracted enclitic, enclitic vos)
Usage notes edit
- us is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs.
- Si us plau. ― Please.
- Si no us importa. ― If you don't mind.
- -us is the reduced (reduïda) form of the pronoun. It is used after verbs ending with a vowel.
- Volia veure-us. ― I wanted to see you.
Declension edit
Further reading edit
- “us” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “us”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “us” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Central Franconian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle High German ūz, from Proto-Germanic *ūt.
Preposition edit
us (+ dative)
- (Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) out of, from
- 1936, Inscription on the Schwarze Katz well in Zell:
- He steiht ferm wie en Zeller us dem Hamm.
- He stands firm as a Zell man from the Hamm [i.e. the Moselle bow around Zell with its steeply sloped vineyards].
Usage notes edit
- Where it occurs in Moselle Franconian, it generally does so only in unstressed position while the stressed form is aus, ous.
Alternative forms edit
- uus, uss
- aus, ous (Moselle Franconian)
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle High German uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Loss of the nasal is due to a sporadic development (analogous to the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant-law, but later and not systematic); compare Luxembourgish eis, Limburgish ós.
Pronoun edit
us
- (most of Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) Dative/accusative first-person plural personal pronoun: us
Alternative forms edit
Fala edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese os, from Latin illōs.
Alternative forms edit
- os (Mañegu)
Article edit
us m pl (singular u, feminine a, feminine plural as)
- (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Masculine plural definite article; the
Pronoun edit
us
- (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Third person plural masculine accusative pronoun; them
See also edit
nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | ei | me, -mi | mi | ||
plural | common | nos | musL nusLV nos, -nusM |
nos | ||
masculine | noshotrusM | noshotrusM | ||||
feminine | noshotrasM | noshotrasM | ||||
second person | singular | tú | te, -ti | ti | ||
plural | common | vos | vusLV vos, -vusM |
vos | ||
masculine | voshotrusM | voshotrusM | ||||
feminine | voshotrasM | voshotrasM | ||||
third person | singular | masculine | el | le, -li | uLV, oM | el |
feminine | ela | a | ela | |||
plural | masculine | elis | usLV, osM | elis | ||
feminine | elas | as | elas | |||
reflexive | — | se, -si | sí |
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative forms edit
Article edit
us m pl (singular un, feminine unha, feminine plural unhas)
- (Lagarteiru) Masculine singular indefinite article; some
References edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old French us, from Latin ūsus.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ys/, (less often) /y/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ys, -y
- Homophones: eusse, eussent, eusses (with /s/), eu, eue, eues, eus, eut, eût, u (without /s/), hue, huent, hues (without /s/, aspirated)
Noun edit
us m pl (plural only)
- (plural only) mores; traditional practices or manners
Usage notes edit
- Now almost exclusively used in us et coutumes (“mores and customs”).
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “us”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams edit
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
us
- Romanization of 𐌿𐍃
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old English ūs (“us”, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *uns (“us”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n-sme- (“us”).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
us (nominative we)
- First-person plural accusative pronoun: us.
- (reflexive) ourselves.
- (reciprocal) each other.
Synonyms edit
Descendants edit
See also edit
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st-person | I, ich, ik | me | min mi1 |
min | ||
2nd-person | þou | þe | þin þi1 |
þin | |||
3rd-person | m | he | him hine2 |
him | his | his hisen | |
f | sche, heo | hire heo |
hire | hire hires, hiren | |||
n | hit | hit him2 |
his, hit | — | |||
dual3 | 1st-person | wit | unk | unker | |||
2nd-person | ȝit | inc | inker | ||||
plural | 1st-person | we | us, ous | oure | oure oures, ouren | ||
2nd-person4 | ye | yow | your | your youres, youren | |||
3rd-person | inh. | he | hem he2 |
hem | here | here heres, heren | |
bor. | þei | þem, þeim | þeir | þeir þeires, þeiren |
1Used preconsonantally or before h.
2Early or dialectal.
3Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third-person dual forms in Middle English.
4Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References edit
- “ū̆s, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 11 May 2018.
Middle Low German edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
ûs or us
- (personal pronoun, dative, accusative) Alternative form of uns.
- (possesive pronoun) Alternative form of uns.
Declension edit
Possesive pronoun:
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Strong declension | ||||
Masculine | ûs | ûsen | ûsem(e) (ûsennote) | ûses |
Neuter | ûs | |||
Feminine | ûse | ûser(e) | ||
Plural | ûse | ûsen | ûser(e) | |
Weak declension | ||||
Masculine | ûse | ûsen | ûsen | |
Neuter | ûse | |||
Feminine | ûsen | |||
Plural | ûsen | |||
The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period. |
Norman edit
Etymology edit
From Old French uis, from Latin ostium.
Noun edit
us m (plural us)
Old English edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *uns, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥s, *nes. Cognates include Old Frisian ūs (West Frisian ús), Old Saxon ūs (Low German os, ons), Dutch ons, Old High German uns (German uns), Old Norse oss (Swedish oss), Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃 (uns). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin nos.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
ūs
- accusative/dative of wē: (to) us
Descendants edit
Old French edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
us oblique singular, m (oblique plural us, nominative singular us, nominative plural us)
Descendants edit
- French: us
Old Frisian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Cognates include Old English ūs, Old Saxon ūs and Old Dutch uns.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
ūs
- accusative/dative of wī
Inflection edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -us
Noun edit
us
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ǫsъ.
Noun edit
ȕs f (Cyrillic spelling у̏с)
References edit
- “us” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish اوص (us), from Proto-Turkic *us (“mind, reason”).[1]
Noun edit
us (definite accusative usa, plural uslar)
Declension edit
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Nominative | us | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | usu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | us | uslar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | usu | usları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | usa | uslara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | usta | uslarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | ustan | uslardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | usun | usların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*us”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Tz'utujil edit
Noun edit
us
- fly (insect)
Volapük edit
Adverb edit
us
West Frisian edit
Pronoun edit
us