See also: روج, روچ, and زوج

Arabic edit

Root
ر و ح (r-w-ḥ)

Etymology 1 edit

Etymologically related to Arabic: ريح (wind). From Proto-West Semitic *rūḥ-. Cognate with Hebrew רוּחַ (rúakh).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

رُوح (rūḥm or f (plural أَرْوَاح (ʔarwāḥ))

  1. spirit (all senses), ghost
  2. soul, essence, core or essential aspect required for being
  3. life; spark of life, breath of life
  4. breath, movement of air
  5. motivation, energy, inspiration; the means to be animate or living
  6. gun barrel
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit

References edit

  • Wehr, Hans (1979), “روح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

رَوْح (rawḥm

  1. refreshment
Declension edit

Ottoman Turkish edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, soul, spirit).

Noun edit

روح (ruh) (plural ارواح)

  1. soul, the spirit of a person that lives on after one's death
    Synonyms: اوز (öz), تن (tin), جان (can), زات (zat), نفس (nefes)
  2. soul, core, pith, kernel, marrow, essence of a thing
    Synonyms: اوز (öz), لب (lubb), مغز (mağz)
  3. vitality, vivacity, liveliness, animation, energy
  4. name of a certain angel or class of angels

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

Persian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? rūh
Dari reading? rūh
Iranian reading? ruh
Tajik reading? rüh

Noun edit

Dari روح
Iranian Persian
Tajik рӯҳ

روح (ruh) (plural ارواح (arvâh) or روح‌ها (ruh-hâ))

  1. spirit
  2. soul
  3. essence
  4. ghost

Synonyms edit

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Punjabi edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

 
Western Panjabi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pnb

Borrowed from Classical Persian رُوح (rūh), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Noun edit

رُوح (rūḥf (Gurmukhi spelling ਰੂਹ)

  1. soul; spirit
  2. mind (ie. heart)
  3. (figuratively) intention
  4. (poetic) lover; beloved
Declension edit
Declension of روح
dir. sg. رُوح (rūḥ)
dir. pl. رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
singular plural
direct رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
oblique رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
vocative رُوحے (rūḥe) رُوحو (rūḥo)
ablative رُوحوں (rūḥoṉ)
locative رُوحے (rūḥe) رُوحِیں (rūḥīṉ)
instrumental رُوحے (rūḥe) رُوحیں (rūḥeṉ)

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from Urdu رَوح (rauh), from Classical Persian رَوح (rawh), ultimately from Arabic رَوْح (rawḥ).

Noun edit

رُوح (rūḥm (Gurmukhi spelling ਰੂਹ)

  1. essence; extract
Declension edit
Declension of روح
dir. sg. رُوح (rūḥ)
dir. pl. رُوح (rūḥ)
singular plural
direct رُوح (rūḥ) رُوح (rūḥ)
oblique رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
vocative رُوحا (rūḥā) رُوحو (rūḥo)
ablative رُوحوں (rūḥoṉ)
locative رُوحے (rūḥe) رُوحِیں (rūḥīṉ)
instrumental رُوحے (rūḥe) رُوحِیں (rūḥīṉ)

Further reading edit

  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “رُوح”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
  • ਰੂਹ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024

South Levantine Arabic edit

Root
ر و ح
16 terms

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /raw.waħ/, [ˈraw.wɑħ]
  • (file)

Verb edit

روّح (rawwaḥ) II (present بروّح (birawweḥ), active participle مروّح (mrawweḥ))

  1. to return, to go home
    شو رايك السبت تروّح معنا ع حيفا وتضلّك أسبوع؟
    šū rāyak is-sabt trawweḥ maʕna ʕa ḥēfa w-tḍallak ʔusbūʕ
    What do you say on Saturday you come back with us to Haifa and stay for a week?
Conjugation edit
    Conjugation of روّح (rawwaḥ)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m روّحت (rawwaḥt) روّحت (rawwaḥt) روّح (rawwaḥ) روّحنا (rawwaḥna) روّحتو (rawwaḥtu) روّحو (rawwaḥu)
f روّحتي (rawwaḥti) روّحت (rawwaḥat)
present m بروّح (barawweḥ) بتروّح (bitrawweḥ) بروّح (birawweḥ) منروّح (minrawweḥ) بتروّحو (bitrawwḥu) بروّحو (birawwḥu)
f بتروّحي (bitrawwḥi) بتروّح (bitrawweḥ)
subjunctive m اروّح (arawweḥ) تروّح (trawweḥ) يروّح (yrawweḥ) نروّح (nrawweḥ) تروّحو (trawwḥu) يروّحو (yrawwḥu)
f تروّحي (trawwḥi) تروّح (trawweḥ)
imperative m روّح (rawweḥ) روّحو (rawwḥu)
f روّحي (rawwḥi)
See also edit
  • رجع (rijiʕ, to return), عاد (ʕād, to return)

Etymology 2 edit

From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /roːħ/, [roːħ]
  • (file)

Noun edit

روح (rōḥf (plural أرواح (ʔarwāḥ))

  1. spirit, soul
Derived terms edit

Urdu edit

 
Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ur

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian روح (rūḥ), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, spirit).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

رُوح (rūhf (formal plural اَرْوَاح (arvāh), Hindi spelling रूह)

  1. soul, spirit
    Synonym: آتما (ātma)
  2. essence, quintessence

Declension edit

Declension of روح
singular plural
direct رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحیں (rūḥẽ)
oblique رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحوں (rūḥõ)
vocative رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحو (rūḥo)

Further reading edit

  • روح”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • روح”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “روح”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • Platts, John Thompson (1884), “روح”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., →ISBN, →OCLC
  • S. W. Fallon (1879), “روح”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
  • John Shakespear (1834), “روح”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC