جان
ArabicEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Derived from the active participle of جَنَى (janā, “to gather, to harvest; to commit a crime”), form the root ج ن ي (j-n-y).
AdjectiveEdit
جَانٍ • (jānin) (informal جَانِي (jānī), feminine جَانِيَة (jāniya), masculine plural جُنَاة (junāh) or جَانُونَ (jānūna), feminine plural جَانِيَات (jāniyāt))
DeclensionEdit
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular triptote in ـٍ (-in) | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جَانِي jānī |
الْجَانِي al-jānī |
جَانِيَة jāniya |
الْجَانِيَة al-jāniya |
Nominative | جَانٍ jānin |
الْجَانِي al-jānī |
جَانِيَةٌ jāniyatun |
الْجَانِيَةُ al-jāniyatu |
Accusative | جَانِيًا jāniyan |
الْجَانِيَ al-jāniya |
جَانِيَةً jāniyatan |
الْجَانِيَةَ al-jāniyata |
Genitive | جَانٍ jānin |
الْجَانِي al-jānī |
جَانِيَةٍ jāniyatin |
الْجَانِيَةِ al-jāniyati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جَانِيَيْن jāniyayn |
الْجَانِيَيْن al-jāniyayn |
جَانِيَتَيْن jāniyatayn |
الْجَانِيَتَيْن al-jāniyatayn |
Nominative | جَانِيَانِ jāniyāni |
الْجَانِيَانِ al-jāniyāni |
جَانِيَتَانِ jāniyatāni |
الْجَانِيَتَانِ al-jāniyatāni |
Accusative | جَانِيَيْنِ jāniyayni |
الْجَانِيَيْنِ al-jāniyayni |
جَانِيَتَيْنِ jāniyatayni |
الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ al-jāniyatayni |
Genitive | جَانِيَيْنِ jāniyayni |
الْجَانِيَيْنِ al-jāniyayni |
جَانِيَتَيْنِ jāniyatayni |
الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ al-jāniyatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh); sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جُنَاة; جَانِين junāt; jānīn |
الْجُنَاة; الْجَانِين al-junāt; al-jānīn |
جَانِيَات jāniyāt |
الْجَانِيَات al-jāniyāt |
Nominative | جُنَاةٌ; جَانُونَ junātun; jānūna |
الْجُنَاةُ; الْجَانُونَ al-junātu; al-jānūna |
جَانِيَاتٌ jāniyātun |
الْجَانِيَاتُ al-jāniyātu |
Accusative | جُنَاةً; جَانِينَ junātan; jānīna |
الْجُنَاةَ; الْجَانِينَ al-junāta; al-jānīna |
جَانِيَاتٍ jāniyātin |
الْجَانِيَاتِ al-jāniyāti |
Genitive | جُنَاةٍ; جَانِينَ junātin; jānīna |
الْجُنَاةِ; الْجَانِينَ al-junāti; al-jānīna |
جَانِيَاتٍ jāniyātin |
الْجَانِيَاتِ al-jāniyāti |
NounEdit
جَانٍ • (jānin) m (construct state جَانِي (jānī), plural جَانُونَ (jānūna) or جُنَاة (junāh), feminine جَانِيَة (jāniya))
- gatherer, harvester, harvestman, reaper
- perpetrator, offender, delinquent, criminal, culprit, felon, evildoer
DeclensionEdit
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular triptote in ـٍ (-in) | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَانِي jānī |
الْجَانِي al-jānī |
جَانِي jānī |
جَانِيَة jāniya |
الْجَانِيَة al-jāniya |
جَانِيَة jāniyat |
Nominative | جَانٍ jānin |
الْجَانِي al-jānī |
جَانِي jānī |
جَانِيَةٌ jāniyatun |
الْجَانِيَةُ al-jāniyatu |
جَانِيَةُ jāniyatu |
Accusative | جَانِيًا jāniyan |
الْجَانِيَ al-jāniya |
جَانِيَ jāniya |
جَانِيَةً jāniyatan |
الْجَانِيَةَ al-jāniyata |
جَانِيَةَ jāniyata |
Genitive | جَانٍ jānin |
الْجَانِي al-jānī |
جَانِي jānī |
جَانِيَةٍ jāniyatin |
الْجَانِيَةِ al-jāniyati |
جَانِيَةِ jāniyati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَانِيَيْن jāniyayn |
الْجَانِيَيْن al-jāniyayn |
جَانِيَيْ jāniyay |
جَانِيَتَيْن jāniyatayn |
الْجَانِيَتَيْن al-jāniyatayn |
جَانِيَتَيْ jāniyatay |
Nominative | جَانِيَانِ jāniyāni |
الْجَانِيَانِ al-jāniyāni |
جَانِيَا jāniyā |
جَانِيَتَانِ jāniyatāni |
الْجَانِيَتَانِ al-jāniyatāni |
جَانِيَتَا jāniyatā |
Accusative | جَانِيَيْنِ jāniyayni |
الْجَانِيَيْنِ al-jāniyayni |
جَانِيَيْ jāniyay |
جَانِيَتَيْنِ jāniyatayni |
الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ al-jāniyatayni |
جَانِيَتَيْ jāniyatay |
Genitive | جَانِيَيْنِ jāniyayni |
الْجَانِيَيْنِ al-jāniyayni |
جَانِيَيْ jāniyay |
جَانِيَتَيْنِ jāniyatayni |
الْجَانِيَتَيْنِ al-jāniyatayni |
جَانِيَتَيْ jāniyatay |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
sound masculine plural; broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh) | sound feminine plural | |||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَانِين; جُنَاة jānīn; junāt |
الْجَانِين; الْجُنَاة al-jānīn; al-junāt |
جَانِي; جُنَاة jānī; junāt |
جَانِيَات jāniyāt |
الْجَانِيَات al-jāniyāt |
جَانِيَات jāniyāt |
Nominative | جَانُونَ; جُنَاةٌ jānūna; junātun |
الْجَانُونَ; الْجُنَاةُ al-jānūna; al-junātu |
جَانُو; جُنَاةُ jānū; junātu |
جَانِيَاتٌ jāniyātun |
الْجَانِيَاتُ al-jāniyātu |
جَانِيَاتُ jāniyātu |
Accusative | جَانِينَ; جُنَاةً jānīna; junātan |
الْجَانِينَ; الْجُنَاةَ al-jānīna; al-junāta |
جَانِي; جُنَاةَ jānī; junāta |
جَانِيَاتٍ jāniyātin |
الْجَانِيَاتِ al-jāniyāti |
جَانِيَاتِ jāniyāti |
Genitive | جَانِينَ; جُنَاةٍ jānīna; junātin |
الْجَانِينَ; الْجُنَاةِ al-jānīna; al-junāti |
جَانِي; جُنَاةِ jānī; junāti |
جَانِيَاتٍ jāniyātin |
الْجَانِيَاتِ al-jāniyāti |
جَانِيَاتِ jāniyāti |
Etymology 2Edit
Has the form derived from the active participle, as if from جَنَّ (janna, “to hide”) (in the passive جُنَّ (junna, “to go crazy”)), from the root ج ن ن (j-n-n).
NounEdit
جَانّ • (jānn) m (collective, plural جِنَّان (jinnān) or جَوَانّ (jawānn) or جِنّ (jinn) or جِنَّة (jinna))
- jann, demon, the forefathers of the jinn.
- the singular term of jinn (rare)
- a snake, a serpent
- a serpentine or a draconic type of genie
- an earth or a builder type of genie
DeclensionEdit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَانّ jānn |
الْجَانّ al-jānn |
جَانّ jānn |
Nominative | جَانٌّ jānnun |
الْجَانُّ al-jānnu |
جَانُّ jānnu |
Accusative | جَانًّا jānnan |
الْجَانَّ al-jānna |
جَانَّ jānna |
Genitive | جَانٍّ jānnin |
الْجَانِّ al-jānni |
جَانِّ jānni |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | جَانَّيْن jānnayn |
الْجَانَّيْن al-jānnayn |
جَانَّيْ jānnay |
Nominative | جَانَّانِ jānnāni |
الْجَانَّانِ al-jānnāni |
جَانَّا jānnā |
Accusative | جَانَّيْنِ jānnayni |
الْجَانَّيْنِ al-jānnayni |
جَانَّيْ jānnay |
Genitive | جَانَّيْنِ jānnayni |
الْجَانَّيْنِ al-jānnayni |
جَانَّيْ jānnay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote; basic broken plural diptote; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جِنَّان; جَوَانّ; جِنّ; جِنَّة jinnān; jawānn; jinn; jinna |
الْجِنَّان; الْجَوَانّ; الْجِنّ; الْجِنَّة al-jinnān; al-jawānn; al-jinn; al-jinna |
جِنَّان; جَوَانّ; جِنّ; جِنَّة jinnān; jawānn; jinn; jinnat |
Nominative | جِنَّانٌ; جَوَانُّ; جِنٌّ; جِنَّةٌ jinnānun; jawānnu; jinnun; jinnatun |
الْجِنَّانُ; الْجَوَانُّ; الْجِنُّ; الْجِنَّةُ al-jinnānu; al-jawānnu; al-jinnu; al-jinnatu |
جِنَّانُ; جَوَانُّ; جِنُّ; جِنَّةُ jinnānu; jawānnu; jinnu; jinnatu |
Accusative | جِنَّانًا; جَوَانَّ; جِنًّا; جِنَّةً jinnānan; jawānna; jinnan; jinnatan |
الْجِنَّانَ; الْجَوَانَّ; الْجِنَّ; الْجِنَّةَ al-jinnāna; al-jawānna; al-jinna; al-jinnata |
جِنَّانَ; جَوَانَّ; جِنَّ; جِنَّةَ jinnāna; jawānna; jinna; jinnata |
Genitive | جِنَّانٍ; جَوَانَّ; جِنٍّ; جِنَّةٍ jinnānin; jawānna; jinnin; jinnatin |
الْجِنَّانِ; الْجَوَانِّ; الْجِنِّ; الْجِنَّةِ al-jinnāni; al-jawānni; al-jinni; al-jinnati |
جِنَّانِ; جَوَانِّ; جِنِّ; جِنَّةِ jinnāni; jawānni; jinni; jinnati |
Related termsEdit
AzerbaijaniEdit
NounEdit
جان (can) (definite accusative جانێ (canı), plural جانلار (canlar))
DeclensionEdit
Ottoman TurkishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Persian جان (jân, “soul, vital spirit, life”).
NounEdit
جان • (can)
DescendantsEdit
SuffixEdit
جان • (can)
PersianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (HYA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (yʾn'), 𐫃𐫏𐫀𐫗 (gyʾn /gyān/, “soul, ghost”), from Proto-Iranian *wyaHnáH (equivalent to*wi- + *HanH- (“to breathe”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wyaHnás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”), whence, for example, Latin animus.
Cognate with Northern Kurdish giyan, Central Kurdish گیان (gyan), Southern Kurdish گیان (gyan), Lishana Deni גיאנא, Avestan 𐬬𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁 (viiānaiiā), Sanskrit व्यान (vyāná).
Alternative formsEdit
- جون (jun)
PronunciationEdit
- Rhymes: -ân
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /d͡ʒɑːn/
- (Iranian Persian): IPA(key): /d͡ʒɒːn/
NounEdit
جان • (jân) (plural جانها (jân-hâ))
Dari | جان |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | ҷон (jon) |
- soul
- جان خود را از دست دادن ― jân-e xod râ az dast dâdan ― to lose one's life, to pass away
- being
- life
SuffixEdit
جان • (jân)
InterjectionEdit
جان • (jân!)
- exclamation of joy, pleasure
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- → Middle Armenian: ջան (ǰan)
- → Azerbaijani: can
- → Bashkir: йән (yän)
- → Chuvash: чун (čun)
- → Georgian: ჯანი (ǯani)
- Hindustani:
- → Bengali: জান (jan)
- → Kazakh: жан (jan)
- Kurdish:
- → Kyrgyz: жан (jan)
- → Ottoman Turkish: جان (can)
- → Pashto: جان (ǰān)
- → Sindhi: جان (jān)
- → Tatar: җан (can)
- → Old Azari: جان (ǰān)
- → Turkmen: jan
- → Uyghur: جان (jan)
- → Uzbek: jon
ReferencesEdit
- Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161
Etymology 2Edit
Proper nounEdit
جان • (jân)
- a male given name, John, from English
- جان کری ― jân keri ― John Kerry
Usage notesEdit
- to prevent confusion with the intimate suffix/title جان (jân), the names John, Jean, Jaan, and other related names are more commonly transcribed as ژان (žân).
PunjabiEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Persian جان (jān).
NounEdit
جان • (jān) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਜਾਨ)
SindhiEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Persian جان (jân).
NounEdit
جان (jān)
UrduEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
جان • (jān) f (Hindi spelling जान)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of جان | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | جان (jān) | جانیں (jānẽ) |
oblique | جان (jān) | جانوں (jānõ) |
vocative | جان (jān) | جانو (jāno) |
UyghurEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Persian جان (jân, “soul, vital spirit, life”).
NounEdit
جان • (jan)