Wiktionary

soul

See also: Soul, soûl, Söul, and Sŏul

EnglishEdit

 
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Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English soule, sowle, saule, sawle, from Old English sāwol (“soul, life, spirit, being”), from Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō (“soul”).

Cognate with Scots saul, sowel (“soul”), North Frisian siel, sial (“soul”), Saterland Frisian Seele (“soul”), West Frisian siel (“soul”), Dutch ziel (“soul”), German Seele (“soul”) Scandinavian homonyms seem to have been borrowed from Old Saxon *siala. Modern Danish sjæl, Swedish själ, Norwegian sjel. Icelandic sál may have come from Old English sāwol.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

soul (countable and uncountable, plural souls)

  1. (religion, folklore) The spirit or essence of a person usually thought to consist of one's thoughts and personality, often believed to live on after the person's death.
    • 1836, Hans Christian Andersen (translated into English by Mrs. H. B. Paull in 1872), The Little Mermaid
      "Among the daughters of the air," answered one of them. "A mermaid has not an immortal soul, nor can she obtain one unless she wins the love of a human being. On the power of another hangs her eternal destiny. But the daughters of the air, although they do not possess an immortal soul, can, by their good deeds, procure one for themselves.
    • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698, page 46:
      No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or […] . And at last I began to realize in my harassed soul that all elusion was futile, and to take such holidays as I could get, when he was off with a girl, in a spirit of thankfulness.
    • 2015 September 15, Toby Fox, Undertale, Linux, Microsoft Windows, OS X:
      Flowey: See that heart? That is your SOUL, the very culmination of your being!
  2. The spirit or essence of anything.
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071:
      From another point of view, it was a place without a soul. The well-to-do had hearts of stone; the rich were brutally bumptious; the Press, the Municipality, all the public men, were ridiculously, vaingloriously self-satisfied.
    • 1928, Roosevelt, Franklin D., The Happy Warrior Alfred E. Smith‎[1], Houghton Mifflin, OCLC 769015, OL 6719278M, pages 36-37:
      It is possible with only these qualities for a man to be a reasonably efficient President, but there is one thing more needed to make him a great President. It is that quality of soul which makes a man loved by little children, by dumb animals, that quality of soul which makes him a strong help to all those in sorrow or in trouble, that quality which makes him not merely admired, but loved by all the people - the quality of sympathetic understanding of the human heart, of real interest in one's fellow men.
  3. Life, energy, vigor.
    • 1728, Edward Young, The Love of Fame
      That he wants algebra he must confess; / But not a soul to give our arms success.
  4. (music) Soul music.
  5. A person, especially as one among many.
    • 18 January 1915, D. H. Lawrence, letter to William Hopkin
      I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.
  6. An individual life.
    Fifty souls were lost when the ship sank.
  7. (mathematics) A kind of submanifold involved in the soul theorem of Riemannian geometry.
QuotationsEdit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:soul.

SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit

Pages starting with “soul”.

Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Descendants
  • → German: Soul
  • → Esperanto: soulo
  • → French: soul
  • → Hungarian: soul
  • → Italian: soul
  • → Japanese: ソウル
TranslationsEdit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

VerbEdit

soul (third-person singular simple present souls, present participle souling, simple past and past participle souled)

  1. (obsolete, transitive) To endow with a soul or mind.
    Synonyms: besoul, ensoul
  2. To beg on All Soul's Day.
    Coordinate term: trick-or-treat
    • 1981, Geoffrey Scard, Squire and tenant: life in rural Cheshire, 1760-1900, page 93:
      All Souls' Day was celebrated by souling, a custom going back to pre-Reformation days: soul cakers and mummers toured the village begging for a soul cake — a plain, round, flat cake seasoned with spices.
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from French souler (“to satiate”).

VerbEdit

soul (third-person singular simple present souls, present participle souling, simple past and past participle souled)

  1. (obsolete) To afford suitable sustenance.
    • 1741, unknown [formerly attributed to Daniel Defoe], The Life and Adventures of Mrs. Christian Davies, the British Amazon, commonly called Mother Ross: […], 2nd edition, London: Printed for R[ichard] Montagu, OCLC 221024157, part II, page 76:
      During my Stay here, I was going to take Pot-Luck with Colonel Ingram, and accidentally meeting him in the Way, I told him I deſigned to ſoul a Plate with him, [...]

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for soul in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.)

ReferencesEdit

  • soul at OneLook Dictionary Search.
  • soul in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
  • soul in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

AnagramsEdit

CzechEdit

NounEdit

soul m

  1. soul (music style)

Further readingEdit

  • soul in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu

FinnishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English soul.

NounEdit

soul

  1. soul music

DeclensionEdit

Inflection of soul (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative soul —
genitive soulin —
partitive soulia —
illative souliin —
singular plural
nominative soul —
accusative nom. soul —
gen. soulin
genitive soulin —
partitive soulia —
inessive soulissa —
elative soulista —
illative souliin —
adessive soulilla —
ablative soulilta —
allative soulille —
essive soulina —
translative souliksi —
instructive — —
abessive soulitta —
comitative — —
Possessive forms of soul (type risti)
possessor singular plural
1st person soulini soulimme
2nd person soulisi soulinne
3rd person soulinsa

AnagramsEdit

FrenchEdit

Etymology 1Edit

See saoul.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

soul (feminine soule, masculine plural souls, feminine plural soules)

  1. Post-1990 spelling of soûl, itself an alternative form of saoul (“drunk”)
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from English soul.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

soul f (uncountable)

  1. soul, soul music

Further readingEdit

HungarianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English soul.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

soul (plural soulok)

  1. (music) soul music

DeclensionEdit

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative soul soulok
accusative soult soulokat
dative soulnak souloknak
instrumental soullal soulokkal
causal-final soulért soulokért
translative soullá soulokká
terminative soulig soulokig
essive-formal soulként soulokként
essive-modal — —
inessive soulban soulokban
superessive soulon soulokon
adessive soulnál souloknál
illative soulba soulokba
sublative soulra soulokra
allative soulhoz soulokhoz
elative soulból soulokból
delative soulról soulokról
ablative soultól souloktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		soulé souloké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		souléi soulokéi
Possessive forms of soul
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. soulom souljaim
2nd person sing. soulod souljaid
3rd person sing. soulja souljai
1st person plural soulunk souljaink
2nd person plural soulotok souljaitok
3rd person plural souljuk souljaik

Derived termsEdit

ItalianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English soul.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈsol/, (careful style) /ˈsowl/[1]
  • Rhymes: -ol, (careful style) -owl
  • Hyphenation: (careful style) sóul

NounEdit

soul m or f (invariable)

  1. soul music

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ soul in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

AnagramsEdit

Old FrenchEdit

AdjectiveEdit

soul m (oblique and nominative feminine singular soule)

  1. Alternative form of sol

DeclensionEdit

Declension of soul
Number Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Subject souls soule soul
Oblique soul soule soul
Plural Subject soul soules soul
Oblique souls soules soul

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English soul.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

soul m inan

  1. soul music

DeclensionEdit

Declension of soul
singular
nominative soul
genitive soul / soulu
dative soul / soulowi
accusative soul
instrumental soul / soulem
locative soul / soulu
vocative soul / soulu

Further readingEdit

  • soul in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • soul in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Middle EnglishEdit

NounEdit

soul

  1. Alternative form of soule

PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English soul.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

soul m (uncountable)

  1. (music) soul music (a music genre combining gospel music, rhythm and blues and often jazz)

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English soul.

AdjectiveEdit

soul m or f or n (indeclinable)

  1. soul (music)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of soul (invariable)
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite soul soul soul soul
definite — — — —
genitive/
dative 		indefinite soul soul soul soul
definite — — — —

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English soul.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈsoul/, [ˈsou̯l]

NounEdit

soul m (uncountable)

  1. soul, soul music

Further readingEdit

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