Wiktionary

丘

See also: 丠, 坵, and 兵
丘 U+4E18, 丘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E18
← 丗
[U+4E17] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 丙 →
[U+4E19]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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丘 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人一 (OM), four-corner 72101, composition ⿱斤一)

  1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №293

Derived characters

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Further reading

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Chinese Wikisource has digitized text of the Kangxi Dictionary entry for 丘:
[[wikisource:zh:康熙字典/一部/四畫#丘|一部/四畫]]

Wikisource


  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 77, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33
  • Dae Jaweon: page 156, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 17, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4E18

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 丘
Shang Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
               
 
j19598
 
j19599
 
j19600
 
j19601
 
j19602
 
j19603
 
j19604
 
j19605
 
j19606
 
j19607
 
j19608
 
j19609
 
j19610
 
j19611
 
j19612
 
j19613
 
j19614
 
j19615
 
j19616
 
j19618
 
j19619
 
j19620
 
j19621
 
j19622
 
j19623
 
b12629
 
b12630
 
b12631
 
b12632
 
b12633
 
s05951
 
s05952
Transcribed ancient scripts
 
L11667
 
L11668
 
L11669
 
L11670
 
L11671
 
L11672
 
L11673
 
L11674
 
L11675
 
L11676
 
L11677
 
L11678
 
L11679
 
L11680
 
L11665
 
L11666
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (丘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
丘 *kʰʷɯ
邱 *kʰʷɯ
蚯 *kʰʷɯ
丠 *kʰʷɯ

Ideogram (指事) – hill. Earlier form closer to 丠, as in 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa). Compare 山.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 丘
alternative forms
丠
㐀
𡊣
㘳
坵
丠
㐀
𡊣
㘳
坵
𠀈
𠀉
𠀌
 

Wang (1982) relates this word to 墟 (xū) "ruin-mound". However, Schuessler (2007) disagrees.

Schuessler considers two homophones 丘, "hill, mound" and 丘 "village, district" to be the same word as settlements were often built on elevated grounds (for a parallel see 京 (jīng)) and traces this word's etymology to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-wa (“village”); within Sinitic, 丘 (OC *kʰʷɯ) is cognate with 里 (OC *rɯʔ) "village" and 街 (OC *kreː, *kreː) "road crossing, street"; outsides Sinitic, cognate with Mizo khua (“village”), Lai khûa (“village, cosmos”), and Burmese ရွာ (rwa, “village”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • kŭ - vernacular;
  • kiŭ - literary (incl. surname).
Note:
  • khu - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • khiu - literary.
Note:
  • ku1 - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • kiu1 - literary.
Rime
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 去鳩切
Baxter khjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰiu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰuw/
Li
Rong 		/kʰiu/
Wang
Li 		/kʰĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qiū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qiū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khjuw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ʷʰə/
English hill, mound

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
No. 10523
Phonetic
component 		丘
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		丘
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰʷɯ/

Definitions

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丘

  1. mound; hill
    山丘  ―  shānqiū  ―  hill
    沙丘  ―  shāqiū  ―  dune
  2. grave
  3. to place a coffin in a temporary shelter pending burial
  4. (dialectal) Classifier for fields: plot
  5. (obsolete) ruins
  6. (obsolete) empty
  7. a surname
    丘成桐 [Cantonese]  ―  jau1 sing4 tung4 [Jyutping]  ―  Shing-Tung Yau (mathematician)

Usage notes

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See 邱 (qiū).

See also
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  • (hills): 山 (shān)

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Since Song dynasty, this character may be read as 某 (mǒu) to prevent mentioning name of Confucius.

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see 兵 (“weapon; army; troops; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 兵).

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see 蚯 (“earthworm”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 蚯).
Notes:

Japanese

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Kanji

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丘

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
丘
おか
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see the following entry.
【おか】
[noun] hill
[proper noun] a surname
Alternative spelling
岡
(This term, 丘, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 丘 (MC khjuw). Recorded as Middle Korean 구 (kwu) (Yale: kwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

丘 (eumhun 언덕 구 (eondeok gu))

  1. hanja form? of 구 (“small hill”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Kunigami

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Kanji

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丘

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Cognate with Japanese 丘(おか) (oka).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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丘(ふぁーい) (fāi) 

  1. hill

Vietnamese

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Han character

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丘: Hán Việt readings: khiêu, khâu, khưu
丘: Nôm readings: khâu, kheo, khưu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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