|
Translingual
editStroke order | |||
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Han character
edit丙 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一人月 (MOB), four-corner 10227, composition ⿱一内 or ⿱一內)
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №515
Derived characters
editFurther reading
edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 78, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35
- Dae Jaweon: page 156, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 16, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E19
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
丙 |
---|
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 丙 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
更 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋs |
粳 | *kraːŋ |
埂 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋʔ |
浭 | *kraːŋ |
稉 | *kraːŋ |
梗 | *kraːŋʔ |
哽 | *kraːŋʔ |
綆 | *kraːŋʔ |
鯁 | *kraːŋʔ |
挭 | *kraːŋʔ |
骾 | *kraːŋʔ |
郠 | *kraːŋʔ |
硬 | *ŋɡraːŋs, *ŋɡraːŋs |
鞕 | *ŋɡraːŋs |
丙 | *pqraŋʔ |
炳 | *praŋʔ |
邴 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
怲 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
苪 | *praŋʔ |
蛃 | *praŋʔ |
昺 | *praŋʔ |
昞 | *praŋʔ |
窉 | *praŋʔ |
柄 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
鈵 | *praŋs |
寎 | *praŋs |
病 | *braŋs |
Various theories:
- Pictogram (象形) – shoulders (Shuowen).
- Pictogram (象形) – the tail of a fish (Erya). See also 再.
- Pictogram (象形) - part of a chariot, as seen in the original form of 更.
- Pictogram (象形) – pedestal.
- Pictogram (象形) – small table.
- Original form of 柄 (OC *praŋʔ, *praŋs).
Whatever its original sense may be, it has been lost and replaced by its early use as a heavenly stem. See also the original version of 更 (< 㪅).
Etymology 1
editBaxter and Sagart (2014) note the phonological relationship between 丙 (OC *praŋʔ) and 兩 (OC *p.raŋʔ, “a pair”); how these two are graphically related is noted in Baxter (1992). Smith (2011) suggests that these two words are not only phonologically similar but also etymologically related, with 丙, meaning "couplet" or "bivalve", referring to an asterism.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bin3
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): bin3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): bing2
- Northern Min (KCR): běng
- Eastern Min (BUC): bīng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bia3 / biaⁿ3 / bing3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5pin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bin3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bǐng
- Wade–Giles: ping3
- Yale: bǐng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biing
- Palladius: бин (bin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: bin3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bin
- Sinological IPA (key): /pin⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bing2
- Yale: bíng
- Cantonese Pinyin: bing2
- Guangdong Romanization: bing2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɪŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ben2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pen⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: bin3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pin²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: piáng
- Hakka Romanization System: biangˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: biang3
- Sinological IPA: /pi̯aŋ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: biangˊ
- Sinological IPA: /piaŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: bing2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /piŋ⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: běng
- Sinological IPA (key): /peiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bīng
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bia3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pia⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: biaⁿ3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pĩã³³²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bing3
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bing3
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- bia3/biaⁿ3 - vernacular;
- bing3 - literary.
- piáⁿ - vernacular;
- péng - literary.
- Middle Chinese: pjaengX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*praŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pqraŋʔ/
Definitions
edit丙
- the third of the ten heavenly stems
- third; C
- (organic chemistry) prop- (denoting the presence of three carbon atoms)
- a surname
Coordinate terms
edit- (Chinese heavenly stems) 天干 (tiāngān); 甲 (jiǎ), 乙 (yǐ), 丙 (bǐng), 丁 (dīng), 戊 (wù), 己 (jǐ), 庚 (gēng), 辛 (xīn), 壬 (rén), 癸 (guǐ) (Category: zh:Chinese heavenly stems)
Compounds
editDescendants
edit- → Zhuang: bingj
Etymology 2
editFor pronunciation and definitions of 丙 – see 抦 (“to beat”). (This character is a variant form of 抦). |
References
edit- “Entry #1304”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
editKanji
edit- the third of the ten heavenly stems
- third in rank
Readings
editEtymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
丙 |
へい Grade: S |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 丙 (pjængX).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- the third of the ten heavenly stems; something of the third rank
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
丙 |
ひのえ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
火 (Hi, “Fire”, one of the Five Elements) + の (no, attributive marker) + 兄 (e, “elder brother”)
Pronunciation
editNoun
editKorean
editHanja
edit丙 (eumhun 셋째 천간 병 (setjjae cheon'gan byeong))
丙 (eumhun 남녘 병 (namnyeok byeong))
References
editTày
editNoun
edit丙 (bưởng, pẻng)
- Nôm form of bưởng (“side; piece”).
- 妸分花丙吏
- A făn hoa bưởng dại
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Nôm form of pẻng (“ten tael”).
- 八昌賞丙双
- Bảt xáng thưởng pẻng soong
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
References
edit- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][1] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit丙: Hán Việt readings: bính
丙: Nôm readings: biếng, bính
- chữ Hán form of Bính (“third of the ten heavenly stems”).
Compounds
editReferences
edit- Nom Foundation
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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