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Translingual
editStroke order | |||
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Han character
edit丙 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一人月 (MOB), four-corner 10227, composition ⿱一内)
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №515
Derived characters
editFurther reading
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: 一部/四畫 on the Chinese Wikisource.
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 78, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35
- Dae Jaweon: page 156, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 16, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E19
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
丙 |
---|
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 丙 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
更 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋs |
粳 | *kraːŋ |
埂 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋʔ |
浭 | *kraːŋ |
稉 | *kraːŋ |
梗 | *kraːŋʔ |
哽 | *kraːŋʔ |
綆 | *kraːŋʔ |
鯁 | *kraːŋʔ |
挭 | *kraːŋʔ |
骾 | *kraːŋʔ |
郠 | *kraːŋʔ |
硬 | *ŋɡraːŋs, *ŋɡraːŋs |
鞕 | *ŋɡraːŋs |
丙 | *pqraŋʔ |
炳 | *praŋʔ |
邴 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
怲 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
苪 | *praŋʔ |
蛃 | *praŋʔ |
昺 | *praŋʔ |
昞 | *praŋʔ |
窉 | *praŋʔ |
柄 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
鈵 | *praŋs |
寎 | *praŋs |
病 | *braŋs |
Various theories:
- Pictogram (象形) – shoulders (Shuowen).
- Pictogram (象形) – the tail of a fish (Erya). See also 再.
- Pictogram (象形) - part of a chariot, as seen in the original form of 更.
- Pictogram (象形) – pedestal.
- Pictogram (象形) – small table.
- Original form of 柄 (OC *praŋʔ, *praŋs).
Whatever its original sense may be, it has been lost and replaced by its early use as a heavenly stem. See also the original version of 更 (< 㪅).
Etymology 1
editBaxter and Sagart (2014) note the phonological relationship between 丙 (OC *praŋʔ) and 兩 (OC *p.raŋʔ, “a pair”); how these two are graphically related is noted in Baxter (1992). Smith (2011) suggests that these two words are not only phonologically similar but also etymologically related, with 丙 (“couplet, bivalve”) referring to an asterism.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): bin3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): bing2
- Northern Min (KCR): běng
- Eastern Min (BUC): bīng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bia3 / biann3 / bing3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5pin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bin3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bǐng
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bǐng
- Wade–Giles: ping3
- Yale: bǐng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biing
- Palladius: бин (bin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: bin3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bin
- Sinological IPA (key): /pin⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bing2
- Yale: bíng
- Cantonese Pinyin: bing2
- Guangdong Romanization: bing2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɪŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ben2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pen⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: bin3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pin²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: piáng
- Hakka Romanization System: biangˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: biang3
- Sinological IPA: /pi̯aŋ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: biangˊ
- Sinological IPA: /piaŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: bing2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /piŋ⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: běng
- Sinological IPA (key): /peiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bīng
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bia3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: biâⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /pia⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: biann3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pĩã³³²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bing3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bîng
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bing3
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- bia3/biann3 - vernacular;
- bing3 - literary.
- piáⁿ - vernacular;
- péng - literary.
- Middle Chinese: pjaengX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*praŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pqraŋʔ/
Definitions
edit丙
- the third of the ten heavenly stems
- third; C
- (organic chemistry) prop- (denoting the presence of three carbon atoms)
- a surname
Coordinate terms
edit- (Chinese heavenly stems) 天干 (tiāngān); 甲 (jiǎ), 乙 (yǐ), 丙 (bǐng), 丁 (dīng), 戊 (wù), 己 (jǐ), 庚 (gēng), 辛 (xīn), 壬 (rén), 癸 (guǐ) (Category: zh:Chinese heavenly stems)
Compounds
editDescendants
edit- → Zhuang: bingj
Etymology 2
editFor pronunciation and definitions of 丙 – see 抦 (“to beat”). (This character is a variant form of 抦). |
References
edit- “丙”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
Japanese
editKanji
edit- the third of the ten heavenly stems
- third in rank
Readings
editEtymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
丙 |
へい Grade: S |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 丙 (pjængX).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- the third of the ten heavenly stems; something of the third rank
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
丙 |
ひのえ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
火 (Hi, “Fire”, one of the Five Elements) + の (no, attributive marker) + 兄 (e, “elder brother”)
Pronunciation
editNoun
editKorean
editHanja
edit丙 (eumhun 셋째 천간 병 (setjjae cheon'gan byeong))
丙 (eumhun 남녘 병 (namnyeok byeong))
References
editTày
editNoun
edit丙 (bưởng, pẻng)
- Nôm form of bưởng (“side; piece”).
- 妸分花丙吏
- A făn hoa bưởng dại
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Nôm form of pẻng (“ten tael”).
- 八昌賞丙双
- Bảt xáng thưởng pẻng soong
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
References
edit- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][1] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit丙: Hán Việt readings: bính
丙: Nôm readings: biếng, bính
- chữ Hán form of Bính (“third of the ten heavenly stems”).
Compounds
editReferences
edit- Nom Foundation
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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