仗

Translingual edit

Stroke order

Han character edit

仗 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人十大 (OJK), four-corner 2520₀, composition ⿰亻丈)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 371
Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 113, character 2
Unihan data for U+4ED7

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		仗

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (丈) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
丈	*daŋʔ
杖	*daŋʔ
仗	daŋʔ, daŋs

Etymology edit

Derived from 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) "cane, staff", with suffix *-s → *-h → 去聲／去声 (qùshēng), attested in Zuozhuan as 杖 (zhàng) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology.

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhàng (zhang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җон (žon, III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng⁶, zoeng³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiǒng / tiōng / tiāng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ziang⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhàng
  - Wade–Giles: chang⁴
  - Yale: jàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: janq
  - Palladius: чжан (čžan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җон (žon, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoeng⁶, zoeng³
  - Yale: jeuhng, jeung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng⁶, dzoeng³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêng⁶, zêng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœːŋ²²/, /t͡sœːŋ³³/

Note: zoeng3 - "battle" (e.g. 打仗 (daa2 zoeng3)).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǒng
  - Tâi-lô: tiǒng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiōng
  - Tâi-lô: tiōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diong
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiāng
  - Tâi-lô: tiāng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiaŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ziang⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: drjangX, drjangH

Rime
Character	仗	仗
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	直兩切	直亮切
Baxter	drjangX	drjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ^X/	/ɖɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ^X/	/ɖiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ^X/	/ȡiɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ^X/	/ɖɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ^X/	/ȡiaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ^X/	/ȡĭaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ^X/	/ȡʱi̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhàng	zhàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoeng⁶	zoeng⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*daŋʔ/, /*daŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仗	仗
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16838	16839
Phonetic component	丈	丈
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	丈	仗
Old Chinese	/*daŋʔ/	/*daŋs/

Definitions edit

仗

weaponry; weapons; arms
to hold a weapon
war; battle
打仗 ― dǎzhàng ― to fight a battle; to go to war
(obsolete) guard; escort
to depend; to rely
仗著自己的權力為所欲為 [MSC, trad.]
仗着自己的权力为所欲为 [MSC, simp.]
zhàng zhe zìjǐ de quánlì wéisuǒyùwéi [Pinyin]
to rely on one's power to do whatever one wants

Compounds edit

References edit

“仗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

仗

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings edit

Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←ぢやう (dyau, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
Kun: つえ (tsue, 仗)^{←つゑ (twe, 仗, historical)}; つわもの (tsuwamono, 仗); よる (yoru, 仗る)

Usage notes edit

This character is not used much in modern Japanese.

Etymology 1 edit

Alternative spelling of 杖 (tsue). See that entry for details.

Noun edit

仗(つえ) • (tsue) ^{←つゑ (twe)^?}

Alternative spelling of 杖 (“a cane, a crook, a walking stick”)

Etymology 2 edit

Alternative spelling of 兵 (tsuwamono). See that entry for details.

Noun edit

仗(つわもの) • (tsuwamono) ^{←つはもの (tufamono)^?}

Alternative spelling of 兵 (“weaponry; a soldier, a warrior; a courageous person, a brave; someone who is very confident, even obstinate”)

Etymology 3 edit

Alternative spelling of 回り, 周り, 廻り (mawari). See those entries for details.

Noun edit

仗(まわり) • (mawari) ^{←まはり (mafari)^?}

Alternative spelling of 回り, etc.: surroundings; around; turning

Etymology 4 edit

From Middle Chinese 仗. Compare modern Mandarin 仗 (zhàng).

Affix edit

仗(じょう) • (jō) ^{←ぢやう (dyau)^?}

Derived terms edit

Derived terms

仗旗 (じょうき, jōki): in medieval times, a special imperial flag marking occasions of special dignity, such as the first day of a new emperor's reign
仗議, 仗儀 (じょうぎ, jōgi): in the Nara period, a kind of codified conference before the imperial court, whereby nobles below the rank of minister would discuss the business of government
仗座 (じょうざ, jōza): the seats of the Imperial Guard; where nobles would sit to offer counsel to the court
仗身 (じょうしん, jōshin): in the Nara period, the court-appointed bodyguard of officials of fifth or higher rank

Korean edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)