日本

ChineseEdit

	day; sun; date day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)	origin
simp. and trad. (日本)	日	本
anagram	本日
Literally: “the sun's origin; where the sun originates”.

Wikipedia has articles on:

日本 (消歧義) (Written Standard Chinese^?)
日本 (Cantonese)
日本 (Classical)
日本 (Gan)
日本 (Hakka)
日本 (Min Dong)
日本 (Min Nan)
日本 (Wu)

EtymologyEdit

This appellation comes from imperial correspondence between the Chinese Sui Dynasty and Japan, and refers to the eastward position of Japan relative to China.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): Rìběn

(Zhuyin): ㄖˋ ㄅㄣˇ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): Жыбын (Řɨbɨn, III-II)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jat⁶ bun²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ngit⁵ bon²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Ngi̍t-pún
Jin (Wiktionary): reh⁴ beng²
Min Dong (BUC): Nĭk-buōng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): Ji̍t-pún / Li̍t-pún

(Teochew, Peng'im): rig⁸ bung²
Wu (Wiktionary): ⁵zeq-pen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Rìběn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖˋ ㄅㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Rìhběn
  - Wade–Giles: Jih⁴-pên³
  - Yale: R̀-běn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ryhbeen
  - Palladius: Жибэнь (Žibɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: Жыбын (Řɨbɨn, III-II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐ̩⁴⁴ pəŋ⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jat⁶ bun²
  - Yale: yaht bún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jat⁹ bun²
  - Guangdong Romanization: yed⁶ bun²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐt̚² puːn³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ngit⁵ bon²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵑɡit̚³² pᵘɔn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Ngi̍t-pún
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngid bun`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngid⁶ bun³
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲit̚⁵ pun³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: reh⁴ beng²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʐəʔ²⁻⁴⁵ pə̃ŋ⁵³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Nĭk-buōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ puoŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Kaohsiung, Penang, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ji̍t-pún
  - Tâi-lô: Ji̍t-pún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jidpuon
  - IPA (Penang): /d͡ʑit̚⁴⁻³ pun⁴⁴⁵/
  - IPA (Singapore): /d͡ʑit̚⁴³⁻²¹ pun⁴²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑit̚⁴⁻³² pun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pun⁵³/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /d͡ʑit̚¹⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Li̍t-pún
  - Tâi-lô: Li̍t-pún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lidpuon
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /lit̚²⁴⁻² pun⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /lit̚⁴⁻³² pun⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: rig⁸ bung²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ji̍k púng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zik̚⁴⁻² puŋ⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ⁵zeq-pen
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̥əʔ¹¹ pəɲ²³/

Middle Chinese: /ȵiɪt̚ puənX/

Rime
Character	日	本
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	眞 (48)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	人質切	布忖切
Baxter	nyit	pwonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪt̚/	/puən^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵit̚/	/puon^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjet̚/	/puən^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵit̚/	/pwən^X/
Li Rong	/ȵiĕt̚/	/puən^X/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕt̚/	/puən^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/	/puən^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rì	běn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jat⁶	bun²

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
Particularly: “Min Bei”

Proper nounEdit

日本

Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)
日本電視劇／日本电视剧 ― Rìběn diànshìjù ― Japanese TV drama

SynonymsEdit

edit

倭 (wō) (historical, now pejorative)
霓虹 (níhóng) (Internet slang)
11區／11区 (shíyī-qū) (Internet slang)
日本國／日本国 (Rìběnguó) (official)

東洋／东洋 (Dōngyáng) (archaic)
東瀛／东瀛 (Dōngyíng) (literary, poetic)
鄉下／乡下 (hoeng1 haa6-2) (Hong Kong Cantonese, humorous)

Derived termsEdit

小日本 (xiǎorìběn)
日本人 (rìběnrén)
日本刀 (Rìběndāo)
日本化 (rìběnhuà)
日本料理 (Rìběn liàolǐ)
日本暖流 (Rìběn Nuǎnliú)
日本鬼子 (Rìběn guǐzi)
大日本帝國／大日本帝国 (Dà Rìběn Dìguó)
日本味精——未知數／日本味精——未知数

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (日本):

→ Japanese: 日本(にほん) (Nihon); 日本(にっぽん) (Nippon); 日本(じっぽん) (Jippon)
→ Korean: 일본(日本) (Ilbon)
→ Vietnamese: Nhật Bản (日本)

Others (incomplete list):

→ Malay: Jepang, Jepun (via Min Nan)
- → Indonesian: Jepang, Jepun
- → Dutch: Japan
- ⇒ Portuguese: Japão
  - ⇒ English: Japan
→ Manchu: ᡰᡳ
ᠪᡝᠨ (ži ben)
→ Thai: ญี่ปุ่น (yîi-bpùn)
→ Tibetan: ཇི་བེན (ji ben)
→ Wutunhua: reben
→ Zhuang: Yizbwnj

JapaneseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
日	本
に Grade: 1	ほん Grade: 1
nanori	goon

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

日本

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Names of Japan

Wikipedia

/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/ → /niɸoɴ/ → /nihoɴ/

Coined in Japan of Sinic elements, as compound of 日 (nichi, “sun”) +‎ 本 (hon, “origin”) and literally meaning "origin of the sun". The hon element was apparently pronounced /poɴ/ when first coined. Over time, the initial /p/ lenited, becoming /ɸ/ as shown in the Nifon entry in the 1603 Nippo Jisho ("Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary").^[1] This then became the /h/ sound in modern Japanese.^[2]^[3]

In older texts, this was read as kun'yomi as 日の本 (Hinomoto). The on'yomi readings Nippon and Nihon became more common in the Heian period, with both persisting into modern use.^[3] The Nihon reading appears to be the most common in everyday Japanese usage.^[4]

This may be related to the famous letter from Prince Shōtoku to Emperor Yang of Sui sent via the Japanese mission to Sui China in 607, wherein we see the first mention of Japan as the Land of the Rising Sun, and a description of China as Land of the Setting Sun:

日出處天子致書日沒處天子無恙云云 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

日出处天子致书日没处天子无恙云云 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

rì chū chù tiānzǐ zhìshū rì méi chù tiānzǐ wúyàng yúnyún [Pinyin]

...the prince of the land of the rising sun sends a letter to the emperor of the place where the sun sets, for good health and so on.

日出處／日出处 (literally “sun + emerge + place”) here refers to Japan, while 日沒處／日没处 (literally “sun + sink + place”) refers to China.

PronunciationEdit

(Tokyo) にほん [nìhóꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [2])^[5]^[6]
IPA^(key): [ɲ̟ihõ̞ɴ]
Audio (file)

Proper nounEdit

日(に)本(ほん) • (Nihon)

Short for 日本国 (Nihon-koku): Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 463)
  Nifon ニホン (日本) 日本.
a surname

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms

日(に)本(ほん)一(いち) (Nihon-ichi)
日(に)本(ほん)海(かい) (Nihonkai)
日(に)本(ほん)語(ご) (nihongo)
日(ニ)本(ホン)鹿(ジカ) (Nihon-jika)
日(に)本(ほん)時(じ)間(かん) (Nihon Jikan)
日(に)本(ほん)式(しき) (Nihon-shiki)
日(に)本(ほん)酒(しゅ) (nihonshu)
日(に)本(ほん)中(じゅう) (Nihon-jū)
日(に)本(ほん)書紀(しょき) (Nihon Shoki)
日(に)本(ほん)食(しょく) (Nihon-shoku)
日(に)本(ほん)人(じん) (nihonjin)
日(に)本(ほん)刀(とう) (nihontō)
日(に)本(ほん)標(ひょう)準(じゅん)時(じ) (Nihon Hyōjunji)
日(に)本(ほん)料(りょう)理(り) (Nihon ryōri)
北(きた)日(に)本(ほん) (Kita Nihon)
西(せい)南(なん)日(に)本(ほん) (Seinan Nihon)
大(だい)日(に)本(ほん) (Dai Nihon)
東(とう)北(ほく)日(に)本(ほん) (Tōhoku Nihon)
西(にし)日(に)本(ほん) (Nishi Nihon)
東(ひがし)日(に)本(ほん) (Higashi Nihon)
南(みなみ)日(に)本(ほん) (Minami Nihon)

DescendantsEdit

→ Translingual: nihonium
- → Japanese: ニホニウム

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
日	本
にち > にっ Grade: 1	ほん > ぽん Grade: 1
goon

/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/

Phonetic variant of Nihon above, maintaining the /p/ sound (likely due to rendaku.)

PronunciationEdit

(Tokyo) にっぽん [nìppóꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3])^[5]^[6]
IPA^(key): [ɲ̟ip̚põ̞ɴ]
Audio (file)

Proper nounEdit

日(にっ)本(ぽん) • (Nippon)

Short for 日本国 (Nippon-koku, “Japan”).
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 466)
  Nippon ニッポン（日本） Fino moto. (日の本) 日本.
- 1998 November 30 [Nov 25 1990], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太(た)とアニマル惑星(プラネット) [Nobita and the Animal Planet] (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:
  
  ぼくらは日本(にっぽん)からきたんだけど…。
  Bokura wa Nippon kara kita n da kedo….
  We’re from Japan, by the way….
  ニッポン？きいたことない。
  Nippon? Kiita koto nai.
  Japan? I’ve never heard of that before.
a surname

Usage notesEdit

Nippon is the official reading of 日本, although Nihon is also acknowledged.
In everyday conversation, Nihon is more common.
Politically, Nippon appears to be correlated with right-wing groups, and Nihon with left-wing groups.

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms

DescendantsEdit

→ English: Nippon (noun)
→ French: Nippon (noun), nippon (adjective)
→ Lingua Franca Nova: Nion (noun), nion (adjective)
→ Indonesian: Nippon (noun)

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
日	本
じつ > じっ Grade: 1	ほん > ぽん Grade: 1
kan’on

*/zitʉpon/ → /zip̚pon/ → /ʑip̚pon/

Uses the kan'on reading jitsu for 日, as compared to the goon reading nichi. First appears in texts from the early 1600s,^[2] notably the 1603 Japanese-Portuguese dictionary Nippo Jisho. Probably influenced by European-language terminology for the country,^[2]^[3] such as Portuguese Japão or Dutch Japan, in turn arising from Min Nan 日本 (Ji̍t-pún) via Malay Jepun, or from Min Nan 日本 (Ji̍t-pńg) via Malay Jepang.

PronunciationEdit

(Tokyo) じっぽん [jìppóꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3])
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑip̚põ̞ɴ]

Proper nounEdit

日(じっ)本(ぽん) • (Jippon)

(archaic) Japan
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 365)
  Iippon ジッポン (日本) Fino moto. (日の本) 東洋. すなわち、日本.
  
  [Note:The quoted ii in iippon is the 16th century Portuguese romanization representing [ji].]

Coordinate termsEdit

Coordinate terms

ReferencesEdit

^ Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ 2012, ニホンVSニッポン「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?, The Nikkei
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

AnagramsEdit

本(ほん)日(じつ) (honjitsu)

KoreanEdit

Hanja in this term
日	本

Proper nounEdit

日本 • (Ilbon) (hangeul 일본)

Hanja form^? of 일본 (“Japan”).

Old JapaneseEdit

EtymologyEdit

The kanji spelling is influenced by 日の本 (pi₁ no₂ mo₍₂₎to₂).

Proper nounEdit

日本 (Yamato₂) (kana やまと)

Alternative spelling of 大和 (Yamato₂): Yamato, ancient name of Japan

Derived termsEdit

日本武尊 (Yamato₂ Takeru no₂ mi₁ko₂to₂)
大日本 (Opoyamato₂)

VietnameseEdit

Hán tự in this term
日	本

Proper nounEdit

日本

chữ Hán form of Nhật Bản (“Japan”).

[NPJ-1] Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.

[KDJ-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[4] 2012, ニホンVSニッポン「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?, The Nikkei

[NHK-5] 5.0 ^5.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK5-6] 6.0 ^6.1 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

日本

Contents

ChineseEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

See alsoEdit

JapaneseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

Usage notesEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

Coordinate termsEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

AnagramsEdit

KoreanEdit

Proper nounEdit

Old JapaneseEdit

EtymologyEdit

Proper nounEdit

Derived termsEdit

VietnameseEdit

Proper nounEdit