Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
もう
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

⟨mawosu⟩ → */mawusu//mausu//mɔːsu//moːsu/

Shift from Old Japanese 申す (mawosu),[1][2] Late Old Japanese mausu.

Pronunciation edit

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "申す"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
申す ーす [móꜜòsù]
Imperative (命令形) 申せ ーせ [móꜜòsè]
Key constructions
Passive 申される ーされ [mòósáréꜜrù]
Causative 申させる ーさせ [mòósáséꜜrù]
Potential 申せる ーせ [mòóséꜜrù]
Volitional 申そう ーそ [mòósóꜜò]
Negative 申さない ーさない [mòósáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 申さなかった ーさなかった [mòósáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 申します ーしま [mòóshímáꜜsù]
Perfective 申した ーした [móꜜòshìtà]
Conjunctive 申して ーして [móꜜòshìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 申せば ーせば [móꜜòsèbà]

Verb edit

(もう) (mōsuまうす (mausu)?transitive godan (stem (もう) (mōshi), past (もう)した (mōshita))

  1. (humble, formal) to say
  2. (humble, formal) to be called
    こちら()(なか)(もう)します(すず)()さんおいででしょう
    Kochira wa Tanaka to mōshimasu. Suzuki-san wa oide deshō ka.
    This is Tanaka speaking. Is Mr. Suzuki there?
    ジョンソン(もう)します
    Jonson to mōshimasu.
    I am called Johnson.
  3. (humble) to ask, request, or give thanks (to a kami or buddha)
  4. (humble) to make a wish
  5. (auxiliary) before a noun, usually with the honorific prefix (o-/go-), to serve, perform an action for a superior
  6. (auxiliary, archaic) attaches to 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem form) of a verb: to formally or otherwise ceremonially do [verb]
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit
Idioms edit
Proverbs edit

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
irregular

/mausu/ → */maːsu//masu/

Thought to be a shift from mōsu above, historical mausu.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

() (masutransitive yodan

  1. (rare, obsolete) Same as もうす (mōsu) above
Conjugation edit

References edit

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  4. ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960) 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

Old Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “From a maw- stem cognate with 參る (mawiru, to come, go)?”

Verb edit

申す (mawosu) (kana まをす)

  1. to say
  2. to be called
  3. to ask, request, or give thanks (to a kami or buddha)
  4. to serve, perform an action for a superior
  5. (auxiliary) attaches to 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem form) of a verb: to formally or otherwise ceremonially do [verb]
Usage notes edit

Modern dictionaries use まおす (maosu) as reference to this verb.

Conjugation edit
Quotations edit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:申す.

Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

⟨mawosu⟩ → */mawusu//mausu/

Shift from mawosu above, attested in a few later poems of the Man'yōshū.

Since later poems also attest the use of earlier mawosu, a free variation of both pronunciations appears likely.

Verb edit

申す (mausu) (kana まうす)

  1. (rare) Same as まをす (mawosu) above
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Japanese: 申す (mōsu)