稚

See also: 穉 and 推

稚 U+7A1A, 稚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A1A ← 稙 [U+7A19] CJK Unified Ideographs 稛 → [U+7A1B]

Translingual

Han character

稚 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹木人土 (HDOG), four-corner 2091₄, composition ⿰禾隹)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 855, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25120
• Dae Jaweon: page 1280, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2613, character 10
• Unihan data for U+7A1A

Chinese

simp. and trad.		稚
alternative forms		稺 穉

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ils) : semantic 禾 (“rice”) + phonetic 屖 (OC *sliːl).

During the Han Dynasty, the 屖 component was commonly substituted with 隹 (zhuī).

Etymology

Related to 遲 (OC *l'il, “slow; late”) (Liu, 1999; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhì (zhi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zi⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): ci⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̀ / chṳ̂ / chhṳ̂

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ci¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): zi³
• Northern Min (KCR): cĭ
• Eastern Min (BUC): dê
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tī

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zin²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zy
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): chr⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴
    • Yale: jr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
    • Palladius: чжи (čži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zi⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zi⁶
    • Yale: jih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ci⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̀ / chṳ̂ / chhṳ̂
    • Hakka Romanization System: ciiˇ / zii´ / cii´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ci² / zi¹ / ci¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ¹¹/, /t͡sɨ²⁴/, /t͡sʰɨ²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂ / chhṳ̂
    • Hakka Romanization System: zii´ / cii´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zi¹ / ci¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ²⁴/, /t͡sʰɨ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ci¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zi³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛi²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tī
    • Tâi-lô: tī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: di
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ti³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ti⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ti²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zin²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsíⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sĩ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zy
    • MiniDict: zy^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: chr⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: drijH

Rime
Character	稚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直利切
Baxter	drijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiɪH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɪH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖjiH/
Li Rong	/ȡjiH/
Wang Li	/ȡiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lrəj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'ils/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	稚
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhì
Middle Chinese	‹ drijH ›
Old Chinese	/*lrəj-s/
English	young
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	稚
Reading #	1/1
No.	17388
Phonetic component	稚
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	緻
Old Chinese	/*l'ils/
Notes	說文作稺，此疑雉省聲

Definitions

稚

1. ^† immature grain
2. ^⁜ young; infantile; immature
3. ^⁜ child; infant

Compounds

• 丁稚
• 乳稚
• 二稚
• 兒稚／儿稚
• 土稚
• 嬌稚／娇稚
• 嬰稚／婴稚
• 孥稚
• 孤稚
• 孩稚
• 幼稚 (yòuzhì)
• 幼稚園／幼稚园 (yòuzhìyuán)
• 幼稚園病／幼稚园病
• 幼稚教育
• 幼稚病 (yòuzhìbìng)
• 後稚／后稚
• 悼稚
• 撫稚／抚稚
• 敬老慈稚
• 柔稚
• 樹稚／树稚
• 淺稚／浅稚
• 狂稚
• 田稚
• 盍稚
• 稚乳
• 稚交
• 稚俗
• 稚免
• 稚兒／稚儿
• 稚夢／稚梦
• 稚女
• 稚妻
• 稚嫩 (zhìnèn)
• 稚子
• 稚子術／稚子术
• 稚孫／稚孙
• 稚孺
• 稚小
• 稚川
• 稚年
• 稚幼
• 稚弟
• 稚弱 (zhìruò)
• 稚態／稚态
• 稚拙 (zhìzhuō)
• 稚昧
• 稚杉
• 稚松
• 稚柏
• 稚桑
• 稚根
• 稚榻
• 稚歲／稚岁
• 稚氣／稚气 (zhìqì)
• 稚水
• 稚犬
• 稚秀
• 稚秋
• 稚稼
• 稚童
• 稚竹
• 稚筍／稚笋
• 稚筆／稚笔
• 稚節／稚节
• 稚綠／稚绿
• 稚老
• 稚耋
• 稚艾
• 稚荷
• 稚蕊
• 稚藐
• 稚蜂
• 稚語／稚语
• 稚豔／稚艳
• 稚質／稚质
• 稚酒
• 稚錢／稚钱
• 稚顏／稚颜
• 稚齒／稚齿
• 稚齡／稚龄 (zhìlíng)
• 稚龍／稚龙
• 童稚 (tóngzhì)
• 老稚
• 耄安稚嬉
• 蒙稚
• 貧稚／贫稚
• 遺稚／遗稚
• 野稚
• 閹稚／阉稚
• 雛稚／雏稚
• 鞠稚
• 韶稚
• 韶顏稚齒／韶颜稚齿
• 養稚／养稚
• 騃稚／𫘤稚
• 驕稚／骄稚
• 髦稚
• 髫稚
• 鮐稚／鲐稚
• 齒稚／齿稚
• 齠年稚齒／龆年稚齿
• 齠稚／龆稚

 

Japanese

Kanji

稚

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. immature
2. young

Readings

• Go-on: じ (ji)
• Kan-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
• Kun: おさない (osanai); わかい (wakai, 稚い); いとけない (itokenai, 稚い)

Compounds

Compounds

• 稚鮎(ちあゆ) (chiayu)
• 稚気(ちき) (chiki)
• 稚魚(ちぎょ) (chigyo)
• 稚児(ちご) (chigo)
• 稚子(ちし) (chishi)
• 稚拙(ちせつ) (chisetsu)
• 稚嫩(ちどん) (chidon): youth and tenderness
• 丁稚(でっち) (detchi)
• 丁稚奉公(でっちぼうこう) (detchibōkō)
• 幼稚(ようち) (yōchi): infantility
• 幼稚園(ようちえん) (yōchien): kindergarten
• 稚鰤(わかさ) (wakasa)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 稚 (MC drijH). Recorded as Middle Korean 티〯 (thǐ) (Yale: thi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

稚 (eumhun 어릴 치 (eoril chi))

1. Hanja form^? of 치 (“infantile”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 치어 (稚漁, chieo)
• 치졸 (稚拙, chijol)
• 치기 (稚氣, chigi)
• 치수 (稚樹, chisu)
• 유치 (幼稚, yuchi)
• 유치원 (幼稚園, yuchiwon)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]