-lik
Afrikaans
editEtymology
editFrom Dutch -lijk. False cognate of Turkish -lik.
Pronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Suffix
edit-lik
- Forming adjectives from nouns with the sense of ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’.
Derived terms
editAzerbaijani
editEtymology
editCognate with Turkish -lik (“-ness”).
Pronunciation
editSuffix
editpreceding vowel | |||
---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / Ə / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü |
-lıq | -lik | -luq | -lük |
-lik
- used to derive abstract nouns from adjectives; -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom, -ity
- used to derive abstract nouns from nouns; -ship
- used to derive nouns denoting work/jobs from nouns denoting professions
- müəllim (“teacher”) + -lik → müəllimlik (“teaching, the work of a teacher”)
- qəssab (“butcher”) + -lik → qəssablıq (“butchery, the trade of a butcher”)
- used to derive nouns denoting items containing something; -ory
- used to derive nouns denoting places characterized by abundance of something from nouns
- ağac (“tree”) + -lik → ağaclıq (“a treey place, a place with many trees”)
- kölgə (“shadow”) + -lik → kölgəlik (“a shady place”)
- ilan (“snake”) + -lik → ilanlıq (“a place full of snake”)
- bataq (“swamp”) + -lik → bataqlıq (“a swampy place”)
- ocaq (“hearth”) + -lik → ocaqlıq (“hearthstead”)
- used to derive adjectives from nouns; -ly
- used to derive temporal adverbs from temporal adverbs and nouns; for
- (non-productive) used to derive nouns denoting kinship other than by blood; step-
- (non-productive) used to derive nouns denoting clothing items
Usage notes
edit- It changes to -lıq, -luq or -lük, depending on the last vowel of the word (see also: vowel harmony).
Derived terms
editCrimean Tatar
editEtymology
editUltimately from Proto-Turkic *-lik.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-lik
- -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom
- being (like) ...
- belonging to ..., used for ..., suitable for ..., ... container
- qave (“coffee”) + -lik → qavelik (“coffee pot”)
Usage notes
edit- By vowel harmony, the suffix may change to -lıq, -luq or -lük, depending on the last vowel of the word to which it is attached.
Derived terms
editEstonian
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From Germanic -līk?”)
Suffix
edit-lik (genitive -liku, partitive -likku, comparative -likum, superlative kõige -likum)
Declension
editDeclension of -lik (ÕS type 25/õnnelik, length gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | -lik | -likud | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | -liku | ||
genitive | -like -likkude | ||
partitive | -likku | -likke -likkusid | |
illative | -likku -likusse |
-likesse -likkudesse | |
inessive | -likus | -likes -likkudes | |
elative | -likust | -likest -likkudest | |
allative | -likule | -likele -likkudele | |
adessive | -likul | -likel -likkudel | |
ablative | -likult | -likelt -likkudelt | |
translative | -likuks | -likeks -likkudeks | |
terminative | -likuni | -likeni -likkudeni | |
essive | -likuna | -likena -likkudena | |
abessive | -likuta | -liketa -likkudeta | |
comitative | -likuga | -likega -likkudega |
Derived terms
editGreenlandic
editPronunciation
editSuffix
edit-lik (n-n?, truncative?)
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Vestgrønlands Grammatik, p. 153, F.A.J. Nielsen, 2014
- -lik in Katersat
Hungarian
editEtymology
editFrom -l (verb-forming suffix) + -ik (verb-forming suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-lik
Usage notes
edit- (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
- -lik is added to both back-vowel and front-vowel words.
- -llik is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á. Final -e changes to -é.
- barna (“brown”) + -llik → barnállik (“to appear in brown color”)
- fekete (“black”) + -llik → feketéllik (“to appear in black color”)
- -allik is added to back-vowel words
- -ollik is added to some back-vowel words
- -ellik is added to front-vowel words
Derived terms
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ -lik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
K'iche'
editPronunciation
editSuffix
edit-lik
- Forms adjectives from verbs
- Forms adjectives from nouns
References
edit- Allen J. Christenson, Kʼiche-English dictionary
Middle English
editEtymology 1
editSuffix
edit-lik
- Alternative form of -ly (“adjectival suffix”)
Etymology 2
editSuffix
edit-lik
- Alternative form of -ly (“adverbial suffix”)
Swedish
editEtymology
editFrom the adjective lik (“similar”).
Suffix
edit-lik
Derived terms
editAnagrams
editTurkish
editEtymology
editFrom Ottoman Turkish ـلك (-lik), from Proto-Turkic *-lik.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
editpreceding vowel | |||
---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü |
-lık | -lik | -luk | -lük |
-lik
- -ness, -hood, -ship, -dom
- being (like) ...
- belonging to ..., used for ..., suitable for ..., ... container
- year-old
- 18'lik kız ― 18 year old girl
- old
- 10 günlük, 3 aylık bebek ― 10-days-old, 3-month-old baby
- Lasting for a period of time.
- 5 dakikalık bir video ― a 5 minutes long video
- 2 saatlik bir film ― a 2 hours long movie
- üç günlük ömür ― life is too short (literally, “lifetime that will last three days”)
Usage notes
edit- The suffix is attached to nouns or sometimes adjectives, and then forms a noun or, more rarely, an adjective. The suffix is often found attached to verbal nouns formed with the suffix -me or its variant -ma. For example, the verb atıştırmak (“to snack”) gives rise to the verbal noun atıştırma (“snacking”) and thus to the term atıştırmalık, which is both a noun meaning “snack” and an adjective meaning “suitable for snacking”.
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Greek: -λίκι (-líki)
Uzbek
editEtymology
editInherited from Chagatai ـلیق (-lıq), ـلیک (-lik), ـلوق (-luq), ـلوک (-lük), from Proto-Turkic *-lik.
Suffix
edit-lik
Derived terms
edit- Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms with audio links
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans suffixes
- Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani suffixes
- Crimean Tatar terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Crimean Tatar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Crimean Tatar lemmas
- Crimean Tatar suffixes
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian suffixes
- Estonian adjective-forming suffixes
- Estonian õnnelik-type nominals
- Greenlandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greenlandic lemmas
- Greenlandic suffixes
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian suffixes
- Hungarian verb-forming suffixes
- K'iche' terms with IPA pronunciation
- K'iche' lemmas
- K'iche' suffixes
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English suffixes
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish suffixes
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish terms with audio links
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish suffixes
- Turkish noun-forming suffixes
- Turkish terms with usage examples
- Uzbek terms inherited from Chagatai
- Uzbek terms derived from Chagatai
- Uzbek terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Uzbek terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Uzbek lemmas
- Uzbek suffixes