brew

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Middle English brewen, from Old English brēowan, from Proto-West Germanic *breuwan, from Proto-Germanic *brewwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-.

Cognate with Dutch brouwen, German brauen, Swedish brygga, Norwegian Bokmål brygge; also Ancient Greek φρέαρ (phréar, “well”), Latin fervēre (“to be hot; to burn; to boil”), Old Irish bruth (“violent, boiling heat”), Sanskrit भुर्वन् (bhurván, “motion of water”). It may be related to English barley

PronunciationEdit

enPR: bro͞o, IPA^(key): /bɹuː/, /bɹuʊ̯/
- Audio (US) (file)
- (Standard Southern British English) IPA^(key): [bɹʉw]^[1]
(Wales) IPA^(key): /bɹɪʊ̯/
Rhymes: -uː

VerbEdit

brew (third-person singular simple present brews, present participle brewing, simple past and past participle brewed)

(transitive, intransitive) To make tea or coffee by mixing tea leaves or coffee beans with hot water.
- 1935, Christopher Isherwood, chapter 11, in Mr Norris Changes Trains, Penguin, published 1942, page 113:
  Elderly people sat indoors, in the damp. shabby houses, brewing malt coffee or weak tea and talking without animation […]
(transitive) To heat wine, infusing it with spices; to mull.
- c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:
  Go, brew me a pottle of sack finely.
(transitive, intransitive) To make a hot soup by combining ingredients and boiling them in water.
(transitive, intransitive) To make beer by steeping a starch source in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.
(transitive) To foment or prepare, as by brewing
Synonyms: contrive, plot, hatch
- 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], H[enry] Lawes, editor, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC, page 106:
  Hence with thy brew’d inchantments, foul deceiver […]
(intransitive) To attend to the business, or go through the processes, of brewing or making beer.
- c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:
  I wash, wring, brew, bake, scour, dress meat and drink […]
(intransitive, of an unwelcome event) To be in a state of preparation; to be mixing, forming, or gathering.
- c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:
  There is some ill a-brewing towards my rest,
- 2011 January 11, Jonathan Stevenson, “West Ham 2 - 1 Birmingham”, in BBC‎^[2]:
  Grant may have considered that only a performance of the very highest quality could keep him in a job - and the way his players started the game gave the 55-year-old shelter from the storm that was brewing.
(transitive, obsolete) To boil or seethe; to cook.
- 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, H.L. Brækstad, transl., Folk and Fairy Tales, page 6:
  She had one day to get up very early in the morning to brew, when the other servants said to her: 'You had better mind you don't get up too early, and you mustn't put any fire under the copper before two o'clock.'

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

make tea or coffee

Bulgarian: варя (bg) (varja), запарвам (zaparvam)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 沏 (zh) (qī), 泡 (zh) (pào), 煮 (zh) (zhǔ), 沖／冲 (zh) (chōng)
Finnish: keittää (fi)
French: infuser (fr)
German: brauen (de)
Italian: preparare (it)
Lao: please add this translation if you can
Macedonian: ва́ри (vári), сва́ри (svári)
Old English: brēowan
Persian: دم کردن‎ (fa) (dam kardan)
Portuguese: infundir (pt)
Russian: зава́ривать (ru) impf (zavárivatʹ), завари́ть (ru) pf (zavarítʹ)
Spanish: preparar (es)
Thai: ชง (th) (chong)
Turkish: demlemek (tr) (transitive), demlenmek (tr) (intransitive)
Yiddish: אויפֿקוכן‎ (oyfkukhn), אויפֿזידן‎ (oyfzidn)

make a hot soup

Chinese:
Mandarin: 煮 (zh) (zhǔ)
Finnish: tehdä keittoa
Italian: bollire (it)
Macedonian: сва́ри (svári)
Persian: آب‌پز کردن‎ (âb-paz kardan)
Russian: вари́ть (ru) impf (varítʹ), свари́ть (ru) pf (svarítʹ)
Spanish: please add this translation if you can

to make beer

Arabic: خَمَّرَ‎ (ar) (ḵammara)
Bulgarian: варя (bg) (varja)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 釀造／酿造 (zh) (niàngzào), 釀製／酿制 (zh) (niàngzhì)
Danish: brygge
Estonian: pruulima
Finnish: panna olutta
French: brasser (fr)
German: brauen (de)
Japanese: 醸造する (ja) (jōzō suru)
Maori: toroī
Norwegian:
Bokmål: brygge
Old English: brēowan
Russian: вари́ть (ru) impf (varítʹ), свари́ть (ru) pf (svarítʹ)
Spanish: please add this translation if you can
Swedish: brygga (sv)
Yiddish: ברײַען‎ (brayen)

to contrive; plot

Chinese:
Mandarin: 圖謀／图谋 (zh) (túmóu), 密謀／密谋 (zh) (mìmóu)
Finnish: juonitella (fi), hautoa juonia
Russian: плести́ (ru) impf (plestí), сплести́ (ru) pf (splestí)
Spanish: please add this translation if you can

to go through the process of brewing beer

Chinese:
Mandarin: 釀造／酿造 (zh) (niàngzào), 釀製／酿制 (zh) (niàngzhì)
Finnish: panna olutta
Maori: toroī
Spanish: please add this translation if you can

to be in a state of preparation

Bulgarian: назрявам (bg) (nazrjavam)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 在醞釀之中／在酝酿之中 (zài yùnniàng zhī zhōng)
Finnish: kyteä (fi), olla tekeillä
German: ^{(please verify)} sich zusammenbrauen (de)
Russian: назрева́ть (ru) impf (nazrevátʹ), назре́ть (ru) pf (nazrétʹ) (figurative)
Spanish: hirviendo (es), fermentando (es)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Catalan: destilar
Czech: vařit (cs)
Danish: brygge
Dutch: brouwen (nl)
French: brasser (fr)
German: brauen (de)
Hungarian: főz (hu)
Korean: 양조하다 (yangjohada)
Maori: kōpiro
Norman: brachi
Polish: warzyć (pl) impf
Portuguese: fermentar (pt)
Spanish: fermentar (es), destilar (es)
Swedish: brygga (sv)
Vietnamese: please add this translation if you can
Welsh: bragu (cy)

NounEdit

brew (plural brews)

The mixture formed by brewing; that which is brewed; a brewage, such as tea or beer.
- 1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 529:
  Six great bottles of one of the Hong Kong brews had been brought to wash down the brandy and the fragments of rice and mee and meat-fibres that clung to the back teeth.
1. (slang) A serving of beer.
  Synonym: brewski
2. (Britain, slang) A cup of tea.
  - 2007 March 6, Julie Rutterford, Life on Mars, Season 2, Episode 3:
    Landlady: You're not stoppin' for a brew?
    Gene Hunt: No thanks, love. Better crack on.