Finnish

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Temporal adverbs
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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *eklen, of uncertain earlier origin. Seemingly an instructive singular case.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈei̯len/, [ˈe̞i̯le̞n]
  • Rhymes: -eilen
  • Syllabification(key): ei‧len
  • Hyphenation(key): ei‧len

Adverb

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eilen (not comparable)

  1. yesterday
    eilen illalla(during) last night

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German īlen, from Old High German īlen, from Proto-West Germanic *īlijan (to make haste, hasten).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈaɪ̯lən]
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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eilen (weak, third-person singular present eilt, past tense eilte, past participle geeilt, auxiliary haben or sein)

  1. to hurry, to rush (on foot, in a determined and purposeful manner) [auxiliary sein]
    Ich eilte zum Bahnhof.I hurried to the railway station.
    jemandem zu Hilfe eilento rush to someone's aid
    • 1818, Joseph von Eichendorff, The Marble Statue ("Das Marmorbild")::
      Florio sah ihm lange nach, dann eilte er wie ein Trunkener der Stadt zu.
      Florio looked at him for long, then he hurried to the city like a drunk.
    • 1844, Felix Mendelssohn, Hör' mein Bitten (with literal translation):
      O könnt' ich fliegen wie Tauben dahin,
      weit hinweg vor dem Feinde zu fliehn!
      In die Wüste eilt' ich dann fort,
      fände Ruhe am schattigen Ort.
      Oh, if I could fly off like the doves,
      flee far away from the foe!
      Into the wilderness I would then hasten,
      and find repose in a shadowy place.
    Synonym: hasten
    Antonyms: spazieren, schlendern, bummeln
  2. (often impersonal) to be urgent [auxiliary haben]
    Es eilt!It's urgent!

Usage notes

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  • In the sense of "to hurry", eilen is typically only used to describe someone's movement, not the intent or necessity to hurry. The latter is commonly described with beeilen or adverbial schnell instead.

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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  • eilen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • eilen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • eilen” in Duden online
  • eilen” in OpenThesaurus.de

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English eġlan, eġlian, from Proto-West Germanic *aglijan, from Proto-Germanic *aglijaną.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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eilen

  1. to trouble, afflict, or harm (someone or something)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of eilen (weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) eilen, eile
present tense past tense
1st-person singular eile eiled
2nd-person singular eilest eiledest
3rd-person singular eileth eiled
subjunctive singular eile
imperative singular
plural1 eilen, eile eileden, eilede
imperative plural eileth, eile
participles eilynge, eilende eiled, yeiled

1 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

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  • English: ail
  • Scots: ail
  • Yola: teil

References

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