eli

See also: Appendix:Variations of "eli"

Akkadian

Root
'-l-y
4 terms

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ʕalay- (“on, over”). Cognate with Arabic عَلَى (ʕalā) and Biblical Hebrew עַל (ʕal), עֲלֵי (ʕălé).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /ˈe.li/

Preposition

eli (pronominal form elī) (from Old Akkadian on)

1. on, above, over, upon
2. towards
3. against
4. beyond, more than
   • 1755–1750 BCE, King Hammurabi of Babylon, translated by OMNIKA Foundation, Hammurabi Code‎^[1], The Louvre, Law 202:

     𒋳𒈠 𒀀𒉿𒈝 𒇷𒂊𒀉 𒀀𒉿𒅆 𒊭 𒂊𒇷𒋗 𒊏𒁍𒌑 𒅎𒋫𒄩𒊍 𒄿𒈾 𒁍𒌔𒊑𒅎 𒄿𒈾 𒋢𒉮 𒄞 𒁹𒋗𒅆 𒅎𒈤𒄩𒊍

     [šumma awīlum lēt awīlim ša elīšu rabû imtaḫaṣ, ina puḫrim ina qinnāz alpim (ištēn) šūši immaḫḫaṣ.]

     šum-ma a-wi-lum le-e-et a-wi-lim ša e-li-šu ra-bu-u₂ im-ta-ḫa-aṣ i-na pu-uḫ₂-ri-im i-na ^kušUSAN₃ GUD 1 šu-ši im-maḫ-ḫa-aṣ

     If a man has struck the cheek of a man who is of higher rank than he, he will be struck with an ox whip sixty times in the assembly.

Alternative forms

• ili, elu, el
• al (Old Akkadian)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒌋𒅗 (UGU)	𒂊𒇷 (e-li)

References

• “eli”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[2], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “eli”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, via the electronic Babylonian Library
• Huehnergard, John (2011) A Grammar of Akkadian (Harvard Semitic Studies; 45), 3rd edition, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns

Dilling

Etymology

Proto-Nubian *il-di.

Noun

eli

1. woman

References

• [3] (as eli)
• Salem Chaker, Andrzej Zaborski, Etudes berbères et chamito-sémitiques: mélanges offerts à Karl-G. Prasse (2000) (as ǐḷī)

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

Verb

eli

1. to be.

Finnish

Etymology 1

Either from the pronominal stem e- seen in että (compare mikäli, from mikä), or alternatively a North Germanic loan (compare Old Norse ella, ellar, from Proto-Germanic *aljaz). Also compare Estonian elik.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈeli(ˣ)/, [ˈe̞li(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -eli
• Hyphenation^(key): eli

Conjunction

eli (coordinating)

1. that is, that is to say, i.e.; in other words, to put it another way; as in (used to introduce a clarification or explanation)

   Hän tulee tänne maanantaina eli ylihuomenna. ― She's coming here on Monday as in two days from now.

   Kuivajää sublimoituu lämmetessään kaasuksi, eli se muuttuu suoraan kaasuksi muuttumatta välillä nesteeksi. ― Dry ice sublimates to gas directly, i.e. it turns straight into gas without turning into a liquid in between.

2. or, also known as, AKA, a.k.a. (used to introduce an alternative name)

   Synonyms: l., alias, a.k.a.

   Kikka eli Kirsi Sirén ― Kikka a.k.a. Kirsi Sirén

   ruokasuola eli natriumkloridi ― table salt or sodium chloride

3. (informal) so (used to connect previous conversation or events to the following question; used to introduce a rhetorical question)

   Synonym: siis (when not colloquial, it is usually not the first word in the sentence)

   Eli miten se tarina päättyy? ― So how does the story end?

   Eli kävit siellä eilen. ― So you did go there yesterday.

4. (archaic or dialectal) or

   Synonyms: tai, (exclusive or in questions) vai

   Lähdetkö mukaan eli et? ― Are you coming along or not?

Derived terms

• elikkä

Further reading

• “eli”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[4] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈeli/, [ˈe̞li]
• Rhymes: -eli
• Hyphenation^(key): eli

Verb

eli

1. third-person singular past indicative of elää

   Hän eli täällä.

   He lived here.

Anagrams

• lei, lie

Ido

Etymology

elu (“she, her”) +‎ -i (“-s; plural”)

Pronoun

eli pl

1. they, them (feminine)

Related terms

• li (“they, them”)
• ili (“they, them”) (masculine)
• oli (“they, them”) (neuter)

Igala

Etymology

Éli

Cognate with Urhobo eni, Edo ení, Igbo enyi, Yoruba erin, Olukumi erin. This form was replaced by Igala àdagbá, from Idoma adagba or Nupe dagba. Proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *é-lĩ or Proto-Yoruboid *é-nĩ. See Benue-Congo cognates, Ibibio eniin, Tee ni, Proto-Lower Cross River *é-nì:n, Proto-Ogoni *ǹnĩ, Westermann constructs a possible reconstruction to Proto-Atlantic-Congo *-ni-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /é.lī/

Noun

éli

1. (obsolete) elephant

   Synonym: àdagbá

Ingrian

Etymology 1

From the pronominal stem e-, of uncertain origin. Akin to Finnish eli and Estonian elik.
Possibly influenced by or derived from Russian или (ili), Swedish eller.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈeli/, [ˈe̞lʲi]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈeli/, [ˈe̞lʲi]
• Rhymes: -eli
• Hyphenation: e‧li

Conjunction

eli

1. (folk poetic) or

Synonyms

• tali, ehki, vai

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈeli/, [ˈe̞lʲi]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈeli/, [ˈe̞lʲi]
• Rhymes: -eli
• Hyphenation: e‧li

Verb

eli

1. third-person singular indicative imperfect of ellää

   Hää eli Soikkolaas. ― She lived in Soikkola.

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 30

Italian

Noun

eli m

1. plural of elio

Anagrams

• -ile, Lei, lei

Kristang

Etymology

From Portuguese ele (“he”), from Old Galician-Portuguese ele, from Latin ille (“that”).

Pronoun

eli

1. he, she or it (third-person singular personal pronoun)

See also

Kristang personal pronouns

	singular	plural
first person	yo	nus
second person	bos	bolotu
third person	eli	olotu

Meänkieli

Conjunction

eli

1. or

Nupe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ē.lī/

Noun

eli

1. Alternative form of ali (“character; disposition; behaviour”)

Silesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.li/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛli
• Syllabification: e‧li

Conjunction

eli

1. Alternative form of jeśli

Further reading

• eli in silling.org

Ternate

Etymology

Cognate with Sahu 'elingi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈ(ʔ)e.li]

Verb

eli

1. (transitive) to remember

Conjugation

Conjugation of eli

		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		toeli	foeli	mieli
2nd person		noeli	nieli
3rd person	masculine	oeli	ieli yoeli (archaic)
	feminine	moeli
	neuter	ieli

Alternative forms

• el

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Venetan

Pronoun

eli m

1. they, them

Volapük

Article

eli

1. accusative singular of el
   • 1952, Arie de Jong, Diatek nulik: Gospul ma ‚Matthaeus’. Kapit: I:

     Ekö! jivirgan ogrodikof, ed omotof soni, keli onemoy eli ‚Emmanuel’, kela tradutod binon: God binom ko obs.

     Look! the virgin is with child and will give birth to a son whom they will call Immanuel, a name which means „God-is-with-us”.

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh eli, from Proto-Brythonic *ėliv, borrowed from Latin olīvum, see olīva and oleum.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɛlɪ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈeːli/, /ˈɛli/
• Rhymes: -ɛli

Noun

eli m (plural elïau)

1. ointment

   Synonym: ennaint

Derived terms

• eli haul m (“sun cream, sunscreen”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of eli

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
eli	unchanged	unchanged	heli

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [êːli]

Pronoun

êli

1. this; class 5 proximal demonstrative.