al

See also: Appendix:Variations of "al"

1 Translingual
- 1.1 Alternative forms
- 1.2 Symbol
2 English
- 2.1 Etymology
- 2.2 Noun
  - 2.2.1 Translations
- 2.3 References
- 2.4 Anagrams
3 Afrikaans
- 3.1 Etymology
- 3.2 Adverb
- 3.3 Adjective
4 Asturian
- 4.1 Etymology
- 4.2 Contraction
5 Breton
- 5.1 Article
  - 5.1.1 See also
6 Catalan
- 6.1 Pronunciation
- 6.2 Contraction
  - 6.2.1 Usage notes
  - 6.2.2 Further reading
7 Danish
- 7.1 Etymology
- 7.2 Pronunciation
- 7.3 Pronoun
8 Dutch
- 8.1 Etymology
- 8.2 Pronunciation
- 8.3 Determiner
- 8.4 Adverb
  - 8.4.1 Derived terms
- 8.5 Conjunction
  - 8.5.1 Synonyms
- 8.6 Anagrams
9 Emilian
- 9.1 Etymology
- 9.2 Pronunciation
- 9.3 Pronoun
- 9.4 Alternative forms
  - 9.4.1 Related terms
10 Esperanto
- 10.1 Pronunciation
- 10.2 Preposition
  - 10.2.1 Related terms
11 Haitian Creole
- 11.1 Etymology
- 11.2 Pronunciation
- 11.3 Verb
12 Icelandic
- 12.1 Noun
13 Ido
- 13.1 Preposition
- 13.2 Usage notes
14 Interlingua
- 14.1 Pronunciation
- 14.2 Preposition
15 Interlingue
- 15.1 Contraction
16 Istriot
- 16.1 Contraction
17 Italian
- 17.1 Etymology
- 17.2 Pronunciation
- 17.3 Contraction
- 17.4 Preposition
- 17.5 Anagrams
18 Kurdish
- 18.1 Pronunciation
- 18.2 Noun
- 18.3 Noun
  - 18.3.1 Synonyms
19 Ladin
- 19.1 Etymology
- 19.2 Contraction
20 Luxembourgish
- 20.1 Etymology
- 20.2 Pronunciation
- 20.3 Adjective
  - 20.3.1 Declension
  - 20.3.2 Antonyms
21 Mandinka
- 21.1 Pronoun
  - 21.1.1 See also
22 Mauritian Creole
- 22.1 Verb
23 Middle Dutch
- 23.1 Etymology
- 23.2 Pronunciation
- 23.3 Determiner
- 23.4 Adverb
- 23.5 Conjunction
  - 23.5.1 Descendants
- 23.6 Further reading
24 Middle English
- 24.1 Adverb
- 24.2 Determiner
25 Novial
- 25.1 Contraction
26 Occitan
- 26.1 Contraction
27 Old Dutch
- 27.1 Etymology 1
  - 27.1.1 Adjective
- 27.2 Etymology 2
  - 27.2.1 Adverb
  - 27.2.2 Further reading
28 Old English
- 28.1 Etymology
- 28.2 Pronunciation
- 28.3 Noun
  - 28.3.1 Declension
  - 28.3.2 Derived terms
- 28.4 References
29 Old French
- 29.1 Alternative forms
- 29.2 Contraction
30 Old High German
- 30.1 Pronunciation
- 30.2 Etymology 1
  - 30.2.1 Adjective
    - 30.2.1.1 Descendants
- 30.3 Etymology 2
  - 30.3.1 Noun
    - 30.3.1.1 Descendants
- 30.4 References
31 Old Saxon
- 31.1 Etymology 1
  - 31.1.1 Adjective
    - 31.1.1.1 Declension
    - 31.1.1.2 Descendants
- 31.2 Etymology 2
  - 31.2.1 Noun
32 Old Swedish
- 32.1 Etymology
- 32.2 Pronunciation
- 32.3 Noun
  - 32.3.1 Declension
  - 32.3.2 Descendants
33 Polish
- 33.1 Etymology
- 33.2 Noun
  - 33.2.1 Synonyms
- 33.3 Further reading
34 Portuguese
- 34.1 Etymology
- 34.2 Pronunciation
- 34.3 Pronoun
  - 34.3.1 Synonyms
  - 34.3.2 Related terms
35 Romanian
- 35.1 Etymology
- 35.2 Pronunciation
- 35.3 Article
  - 35.3.1 Related terms
  - 35.3.2 See also
36 Saterland Frisian
- 36.1 Adverb
37 Spanish
- 37.1 Pronunciation
- 37.2 Contraction
- 37.3 See also
- 37.4 Further reading
38 Swedish
- 38.1 Etymology
- 38.2 Pronunciation
- 38.3 Noun
  - 38.3.1 Declension
39 Turkish
- 39.1 Etymology 1
- 39.2 Etymology 2
  - 39.2.1 Noun
- 39.3 Etymology 3
  - 39.3.1 Verb
    - 39.3.1.1 Antonyms
40 Venetian
- 40.1 Preposition
- 40.2 Article
41 Veps
- 41.1 Etymology
- 41.2 Postposition
  - 41.2.1 Related terms
- 41.3 References
42 Volapük
- 42.1 Etymology
- 42.2 Adjective
43 Watubela
- 43.1 Noun
- 43.2 References
44 West Frisian
- 44.1 Determiner
- 44.2 Adverb
  - 44.2.1 Further reading

TranslingualEdit

Alternative formsEdit

aL

SymbolEdit

al

(metrology) Symbol for the attoliter (attolitre), an SI unit of fluid measure equal to 10⁻¹⁸ liters (litres).

EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Hindi आल (āl)

NounEdit

al (usually uncountable, plural als)

The Indian mulberry, Morinda citrifolia, especially as used to make dye.
- For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:al.

TranslationsEdit

Indian mulberry — see Indian mulberry

ReferencesEdit

“al” in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
“al” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
"al" in WordNet 2.0, Princeton University, 2003.

AnagramsEdit

L. A., L.A., LA, La, La-, La., la, lä

AfrikaansEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch al.

AdverbEdit

al

already

AdjectiveEdit

al (attributive alle, not comparable)

all; every

AsturianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From a contraction of the preposition a (“to”) + masculine singular article el (“the”).

ContractionEdit

al m

to the

BretonEdit

ArticleEdit

al

the

CatalanEdit

PronunciationEdit

(Central) IPA^(key): /əl/, [əɫ]
- Homophone: el
(Valencian) IPA^(key): /al/

ContractionEdit

al

Contraction of a el. At the; to the.
Vaig al zoo.
I go to the zoo.

Usage notesEdit

When el contracts to l' before a vowel, al is not used. For example, Ens veurem a l'aeroport.

DanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse allr (“all”).

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/, [al]

PronounEdit

al (neuter alt, plural alle)

all
any

DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Dutch *al, from Proto-Germanic *allaz.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɑl/
Audio
(file)
Hyphenation: al
Rhymes: -ɑl

DeterminerEdit

al

all, all of
Heb je al het bier opgedronken?
Did you drink all the beer?

Van Gogh produceerde al zijn werk gedurende een periode van slechts tien jaar.
Van Gogh produced all of his work during a period of only ten years.

Alle olie is uit de tanker gelekt.
All the oil has leaked out of the tanker.

Niet alle mensen zijn zo gemeen.
Not all people are that mean.

InflectionEdit

Inflection of al
uninflected	al
inflected	alle
comparative	—
		positive
predicative/adverbial
indefinite	m./f. sing.	alle
	n. sing.	al
	plural	alle
definite		alle
partitive

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

alles

AdverbEdit

al

already
Het is al negen uur.
It's 9 o'clock already.
yet
Heb je al een kip gekocht?
Have you bought a chicken yet?

Derived termsEdit

ConjunctionEdit

al

even
Al zou ik het willen...
Even if I wanted to...

SynonymsEdit

ook al

AnagramsEdit

la

EmilianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin ille (“that”).

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/
Hyphenation: al

PronounEdit

al (personal)

(nominative case) he
(accusative case) him

Alternative formsEdit

Becomes l- before a vowel.
Becomes -el when acting as an enclitic (after a consonant).
Becomes -l when acting as an enclitic (after a vowel).

Related termsEdit

Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)

Number	Person	Gender	Disjunctive (tonic)	Nominative (subject)	Accusative (direct complement)	Dative (indirect complement)	Reflexive (-self)	Comitative (with)
Singular	First	—	mè	a	me			mêg
	Second	—	tè	et	te			têg
	Third	Masculine	ló	al		ge	se	sêg
	Third	Feminine	lê	la		ge	se	sêg
Plural	First	Masculine	nuēter	a	se			nōsk
	First	Feminine	nuētri	a	se			nōsk
	Second	Masculine	vuēter	a	ve			vōsk
	Second	Feminine	vuētri	a	ve			vōsk
	Third	Masculine	lôr	i		ge	se	sêg
	Third	Feminine	lôr	el	li	ge	se	sêg

EsperantoEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/
Audio
(file)

PrepositionEdit

al

to; toward
Li estas sur sia unua pilgrimo al Mekko.
He is on his first pilgrimage to Mecca.

Islamanoj preĝas antaŭantaj al Mekko plurfoje ĉiutage.
Muslims pray facing toward Mecca several times every day.
to (indicates indirect object)
Ŝi donis la libron al siaj gepatroj.
She gave the book to her (own) parents.

Related termsEdit

alaĵo (“appendix, addendum”)
aligi (“add, join”)
aliĝi (“join, enroll”)

Haitian CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

Contraction of French ale, from French aller.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/

VerbEdit

al

to go
Synonym: ale

IcelandicEdit

NounEdit

al

indefinite accusative singular of alur
indefinite dative singular of alur

IdoEdit

PrepositionEdit

al

Contraction of a la (“to the”).

Usage notesEdit

This is optional, you can also use a l'...

InterlinguaEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/

PrepositionEdit

al

Contraction of a le (“to the”).

InterlingueEdit

ContractionEdit

al

Contraction of a li.

IstriotEdit

ContractionEdit

al

Contraction of a (“at”) + el (“the”)
- 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 40:
  Che mai pioûn biela duon i’iê veisto al mondo,
  That I haven’t ever seen a more beautiful woman in the world,

ItalianEdit

EtymologyEdit

a (preposition) +‎ il (article)

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/

ContractionEdit

al

contraction of a il; to the, at the

PrepositionEdit

al or allo or all' m (feminine all' or alla)

(cooking, in the singular) with (an ingredient)
Synonym: con

risotto al pecorino ― rice with pecorino cheese

risotto allo zafferano ― rice with saffron

pasta all'aglio ― pasta with garlic

AnagramsEdit

la, là

KurdishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Rhymes: -al

NounEdit

al m

side

NounEdit

al f

flag, banner

SynonymsEdit

(side): alî, la
(flag): ala

LadinEdit

EtymologyEdit

a +‎ l

ContractionEdit

al

at or to the (+ a masculine singular noun)

LuxembourgishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old High German ald, northern variant of alt, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz. Cognate with German alt, English old, Dutch oud, West Frisian âld.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /aːl/
- Rhymes: -aːl

AdjectiveEdit

al (masculine alen, neuter aalt, comparative méi al or eeler, superlative am eelsten)

old, aged
Vun ale Mënsche kann ee villes léieren.
There’s a lot to learn from old people.
(of food) stale
Dat aalt Brout kënne mer de Vulle ginn.
We can give the stale bread to the birds.

DeclensionEdit

declension of al

number and gender		singular			plural
number and gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		hien ass al	si ass al	et ass al	si si(nn) al
without article	nominative/accusative	alen	al	aalt	al
without article	dative	alem	aler	alem	alen
with article	nominative/accusative	alen	al	aalt	al
with article	dative	alen	aler	alen	alen

AntonymsEdit

(old): jonk
(stale): frësch

MandinkaEdit

PronounEdit

al

you (personal pronoun)

Mauritian CreoleEdit

VerbEdit

al

Medial form of ale

Middle DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Dutch al, from Proto-Germanic *allaz.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/

DeterminerEdit

al

all, all of

AdverbEdit

al

completely

ConjunctionEdit

al

even though, no matter whether

DescendantsEdit

Dutch: al
- Afrikaans: al
Limburgish: al

Middle EnglishEdit

AdverbEdit

al

Alternative form of all
- 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue:
  And smale foweles maken melodye,
  
  That slepen al the nyght with open eye-
  
  (So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);
  And many little birds make melody
  
  That sleep through all the night with open eye
  
  (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)

DeterminerEdit

al

Alternative form of all
- 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41
  And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge.
  And with this he was named, as I believe worthily, an excellent ruly and innocent man in all his living.

NovialEdit

ContractionEdit

al

contraction of a + li

OccitanEdit

ContractionEdit

al

Contraction of a lo (“to the; at the”).

Old DutchEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Germanic *allaz.

AdjectiveEdit

al

all
Hebban olla vogala nestas hagunnan
All birds have started to build their nests

InflectionEdit

Declension of al

Strong declension
	masculine		neuter		feminine
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	al	alle	al	alle	al	allu
accusative	allan	alle	al	alle	alla	allu
genitive	allis	allro	allis	allro	allro	allrō
dative	allon	allon	allon	allon	allro	allon

Weak declension
	masculine		neuter		feminine
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	allo	allu	alla	allu	alla	allu
accusative	allin	allin	alla	allin	allin	allin
genitive	allin	allno	allin	allno	allin	allno
dative	allin	allon	allin	allon	allin	allon

Alternative formsEdit

ol

DescendantsEdit

Middle Dutch: al
- Dutch: al
  - Afrikaans: al
- Limburgish: al

Etymology 2Edit

From the adjective al.

AdverbEdit

al

completely, wholly

Old EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *ailą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-lom, from *h₂eydʰ- (“to burn, kindle”).^[1]

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɑːl/

NounEdit

āl n

fire

DeclensionEdit

Declension of al (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	āl	āl
accusative	āl	āl
genitive	āles	āla
dative	āle	ālum

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ailida-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 11

Old FrenchEdit

Alternative formsEdit

au

ContractionEdit

al

contraction of a + le (to the)

Old High GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Germanic *allaz.

AdjectiveEdit

al

DescendantsEdit

Middle High German: al
- German: all
- Yiddish: אַלץ‎‎ (alts)

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Germanic *ēlaz, whence also Old English ǣl, Old Norse áll.

NounEdit

āl m

eel

DescendantsEdit

German: Aal

ReferencesEdit

Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer

Old SaxonEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Germanic *allaz.

AdjectiveEdit

al

all

DeclensionEdit

Declension of al

Strong declension
gender	masculine		neuter		feminine
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	al	alle	al	allu	al	alle
accusative	allana	alle	al	allu	alla	alle
genitive	alles	allarō	alles	allarō	allaro	allarō
dative	allumu	allum	allumu	allum	allaro	allum

Weak declension
gender	masculine		neuter		feminine
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	allo	allu	alla	allu	alla	allu
accusative	allun	allun	alla	allun	allun	allun
genitive	allun	allonō	allun	allonō	allun	allonō
dative	allun	allum	allun	allum	allun	allum

DescendantsEdit

Middle Low German: al, alle
- German Low German: all, alle (Münsterländisch; Sauerländisch), olle (Paderbornisch)

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Germanic *ēlaz. Cognate with Old English ǣl, Dutch aal, Old High German āl (German Aal), Old Norse áll (Danish and Swedish ål).

NounEdit

āl m

eel

Old SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse áll, from Proto-Germanic *ēlaz.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /aːl/

NounEdit

āl m

eel

DeclensionEdit

Declension of āl (a-stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	āl	ālin	āla(r)	ālani(r), -ane(r)
accusative	āl	ālin	āla	ālana
dative	āli, -e	ālinum, -enom	ālum, -om	ālumin, -omen
genitive	āls	ālsins	āla	ālanna

DescendantsEdit

Swedish: ål

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From German Aal.

NounEdit

al m anim

(Silesia dialectal) eel

SynonymsEdit

węgorz

PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Portuguese al, from Vulgar Latin *ale, from Latin aliud, from Proto-Indo-European *ályos.

PronunciationEdit

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈaɫ/
(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈaw/
Hyphenation: al

PronounEdit

al

(obsolete) everything, the rest
(obsolete) other, another

SynonymsEdit

(the rest): o resto
(other): outro

Related termsEdit

alheio

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin illum, from ille.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /al/

ArticleEdit

al

of (masculine/neuter singular possessive article)
el este un prieten al meu ― he is a friend of mine.

Related termsEdit

a (feminine singular)
ai (masculine plural)
ale (feminine/neuter plural)

Saterland FrisianEdit

AdverbEdit

al

already

SpanishEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ˈal/
Audio (Latin America)
(file)
Rhymes: -al

ContractionEdit

al

(contraction of a el) at the, to the.

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Swedish al, from Old Norse ǫlr (compare Icelandic elri, Danish el, Norwegian older), from Proto-Germanic *aluz, *alusō (compare English alder), variant of *alizō, *alisō (compare Dutch els, German Erle), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisos.

PronunciationEdit

audio
(file)

NounEdit

al c

alder (tree)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of al
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	al	alen	alar	alarna
Genitive	als	alens	alars	alarnas

TurkishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Turkic *āl, *Āl (“red, crimson”). Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (āl).

AdjectiveEdit

al (comparative daha al, superlative en al)

dark red, blood red, crimson

NounEdit

al (definite accusative alı, plural allar)

dark red, blood red, crimson

DeclensionEdit

Inflection

Nominative

al

Definite accusative

alı

Singular

Plural

Nominative

al

allar

Definite accusative

alı

alları

Dative

ala

Locative

Ablative

Genitive

Possessive forms
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	alım	allarım
2nd singular	alın	alların
3rd singular	alı	alları
1st plural	alımız	allarımız
2nd plural	alınız	allarınız
3rd plural	alları	alları

DescendantsEdit

→ Greek: άλικος (álikos, “crimson”)
→ Armenian: ալ (al)

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Turkic *Āl.

NounEdit

al

(dated) trick, trap

Etymology 3Edit

See almak.

VerbEdit

al

second-person imperative of almak

AntonymsEdit

alma

VenetianEdit

PrepositionEdit

al

to the
at the

ArticleEdit

al m sg

(Belluno) Alternative form of el

VepsEdit

EtymologyEdit

This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

Related to Finnish alla.

PostpositionEdit

al

under, underneath (stationary location)

Related termsEdit

alle
alpäi

ReferencesEdit

Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “под”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

VolapükEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from German all and English all.

AdjectiveEdit

al

each
every

WatubelaEdit

NounEdit

al

water

ReferencesEdit

Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: FOCAL II (1986)
Blust, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

West FrisianEdit

DeterminerEdit

al

all

InflectionEdit

This determiner needs an inflection-table template.

Derived termsEdit

hielal

AdverbEdit

al

already

	singular	plural
1st person	nte, n, m	ntolu, ntelu, n
2nd person	ite, i	altolu, altelu, al
3rd person	ate, a	itolu, itelu, y

Colors in Turkish · renkler (layout · text)
beyaz, ak	gri, boz	siyah, kara
kırmızı, kızıl; kırmızı, al	turuncu; kahverengi, boz	sarı; bej
limon çürüğü	yeşil
camgöbeği; turkuaz	gök, mavi	lacivert
eflatun; mor	pembe; mor	yavruağzı

al

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Alternative formsEdit

SymbolEdit

EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

NounEdit

TranslationsEdit

ReferencesEdit

AnagramsEdit

AfrikaansEdit

EtymologyEdit

AdverbEdit

AdjectiveEdit

AsturianEdit

EtymologyEdit

ContractionEdit

BretonEdit

ArticleEdit

See alsoEdit

CatalanEdit

PronunciationEdit

ContractionEdit

Usage notesEdit

Further readingEdit

DanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

DeterminerEdit

InflectionEdit

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

AdverbEdit

Derived termsEdit

ConjunctionEdit

SynonymsEdit

AnagramsEdit

EmilianEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

Alternative formsEdit

Related termsEdit

EsperantoEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

Related termsEdit

Haitian CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

IcelandicEdit

NounEdit

IdoEdit

PrepositionEdit

Usage notesEdit

InterlinguaEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

InterlingueEdit

ContractionEdit

IstriotEdit

ContractionEdit

ItalianEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

ContractionEdit

PrepositionEdit

AnagramsEdit

KurdishEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

NounEdit

SynonymsEdit

LadinEdit