Wiktionary

them

See also: thêm

EnglishEdit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English þem, from Old Norse þeim.

PronunciationEdit

  • (stressed) enPR: thĕm, IPA(key): /ðɛm/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • (unstressed) enPR: thəm, IPA(key): /ðəm/
  • Audio (US) unstressed, in the phrase "see them"(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛm

PronounEdit

them (third-person, personal pronoun, objective case of they)

  1. (in the plural) Those ones.
    1. Used as the direct object of a verb.
      She treated them for a cold.
    2. Used as the indirect object of a verb.
      She wrote them a letter.
    3. Used as the object of a preposition.
      Give it to them.
  2. (in the singular) Him, her, or it; that one.
    1. Used as the direct object of a verb.
      If a student has an inappropriate question, whatever you do, do not berate them.
      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Deuteronomy 17:2–5:
        If there be found among you, within any of thy gates which the Lord thy God giveth thee, man or woman, that hath wrought wickedness in the sight of the Lord thy God, […] [t]hen shalt thou bring forth that man or that woman, which have committed that wicked thing, unto thy gates, even that man or that woman, and shalt stone them with stones, till they die.
      • 2006, St. John Ambulance, First on the Scene: Student Reference Guide, →ISBN, Lesson 2, page 3:
        Place the casualty on their back with feet and legs raised—this is called the shock position. [emphasis in original] Once the casualty is positioned, cover them to preserve body heat, but do not overheat.
      • 2007, Rowling, J. K., Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, London: Bloomsbury, 2008, →ISBN, page 270:
        Someone in the crowd around the lifts called sycophantically, ‘Morning, Yaxley!’ Yaxley ignored them.
    2. Used as the indirect object of a verb.
      If one of my patients calls, please bring them their dinner.
    3. Used as the object of a preposition.
      If someone comes and asks for the ticket, just give it to them.

Usage notesEdit

  • Regarding the use of singular them, see they.

Related termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See alsoEdit

English personal pronouns
personal pronoun possessive
pronoun		 possessive
determiner
subjective objective reflexive
first person singular I
me (colloquial)		 me myself
me
mysen		 mine my
mine (before vowels, archaic)
me
plural we us ourselves
ourself
oursen		 ours our
second person singular standard, formal you you yourself
yoursen		 yours
yourn (obsolete outside dialects)		 your
archaic, informal thou thee thyself
theeself
thysen		 thine thy
thine (before vowels)
plural standard you
ye (archaic)		 you yourselves yours
yourn (obsolete outside dialects)		 your
colloquial you all
y'all
you guys		 you all
y'all
you guys		 – y'all's
you guys's
your guys's (proscribed)		 y'all's
your all's (nonstandard)
you guys's
your guys's (proscribed)
informal / dialectal (see list of dialectal forms at you and inflected forms in those entries)
third person singular masculine he him himself
hisself (archaic)
hissen		 his
hisn (obsolete outside dialects)		 his
feminine she her herself
hersen		 hers
hern (obsolete outside dialects)		 her
neuter it
hit		 it
hit		 itself
hitself		 its
his (archaic)		 its
his (archaic)
hits
genderless they them themself, themselves theirs their
genderless, nonspecific
(formal) 		one one oneself – one's
plural they them
hem, 'em		 themselves
theirsen		 theirs
theirn (obsolete outside dialects)		 their

DeterminerEdit

them

  1. (dialectal) Those.
    • 1835, John Pendleton Kennedy, Horse Shoe Robinson: A Tale of the Tory Ascendency
      How would you like a scrummage, Andy, with them Scotchmen that stole your mother's chickens this morning?
    • 1915, C.J. Dennis, The Songs of the Sentimental Bloke, published 1916, page 13:
      The world 'as got me snouted jist a treat; / Crool Forchin's dirty left 'as smote me soul. / An' all them joys o' life I 'eld so sweet / Is up the pole.
    • 1926, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Land of Mist‎[1]:
      "I say it's a shame, Silas Linden, the way them children is treated."
    • 2005, Elmer Kelton, Sons of Texas, Tor/Forge (2005), page 111:
      " […] Them two wild horses ain't fit to ride, and I been wonderin' how I was goin' to get you out of this place before them Spanish maybe circle back and finish the job."
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:them.

AnagramsEdit

AlbanianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Albanian *θēm-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱens- (“to say, instruct, announce”). Cognate with Sanskrit शास्ति (śā́sti, “to instruct, advise, command”), and Latin cēnseō (“I give an opinion, I judge, guess, reckon”). Potentially a doublet of rrëfej.

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

them (first-person singular past tense thashë, participle thënë)

  1. I say

ConjugationEdit

Standard Albanian conjugation of them (active voice)
participle
(pjesore) 		thënë
gerund
(përcjellore) 		duke thënë
infinitive
(paskajore) 		për të thënë
singular
(njëjës) 		plural
(shumës)
1st pers.
(veta e 1rë) 		2nd pers.
(veta e 2të) 		3rd pers.
(veta e 3të) 		1st pers.
(veta e 1rë) 		2nd pers.
(veta e 2të) 		3rd pers.
(veta e 3të)
indicative
(dëftore) 		unë ti ai/ajo ne ju ata/ato
present
(e tashme) 		them thua thotë themi thoni thonë
imperfect
(e pakryer) 		thosha thoshe thoshte thoshim thoshit thoshin
aorist (simple past)
(e kryer e thjeshtë) 		thashë the tha thamë thatë thanë
perfect
(e kryer) 		kam thënë ke thënë ka thënë kemi thënë keni thënë kanë thënë
past perfect
(më se e kryer) 		kisha thënë kishe thënë kishte thënë kishim thënë kishit thënë kishin thënë
aorist II (past perfect II)
(e kryer e tejshkuar) 		pata thënë pate thënë pati thënë patëm thënë patët thënë patën thënë
future¹
(e ardhme) 		do të them do të thuash do të thotë do të themi do të thoni do të thonë
future perfect²
(e ardhme e përparme) 		do të kem thënë do të kesh thënë do të ketë thënë do të kemi thënë do të keni thënë do të kenë thënë
subjunctive
(lidhore) 		unë ti ai/ajo ne ju ata/ato
present
(e tashme) 		të them të thuash të thotë të themi të thoni të thonë
imperfect
(e pakryer) 		të thosha të thoshe të thoshte të thoshim të thoshit të thoshin
perfect
(e kryer) 		të kem thënë të kesh thënë të ketë thënë të kemi thënë të keni thënë të kenë thënë
past perfect
(më se e kryer) 		të kisha thënë të kishe thënë të kishte thënë të kishim thënë të kishit thënë të kishin thënë
conditional¹, ²
(kushtore) 		unë ti ai/ajo ne ju ata/ato
imperfect
(e pakryer) 		do të thosha do të thoshe do të thoshte do të thoshim do të thoshit do të thoshin
past perfect
(më se e kryer) 		do të kisha thënë do të kishe thënë do të kishte thënë do të kishim thënë do të kishit thënë do të kishin thënë
optative
(dëshirore) 		unë ti ai/ajo ne ju ata/ato
present
(e tashme) 		thënça thënç thëntë thënçim thënçit thënçin
perfect
(e kryer) 		paça thënë paç thënë pastë thënë paçim thënë paçit thënë paçin thënë
admirative
(habitore) 		unë ti ai/ajo ne ju ata/ato
present
(e tashme) 		thënkam thënke thënka thënkemi thënkeni thënkan
imperfect
(pakryer) 		thënkësha thënkëshe thënkësh thënkëshim thënkëshit thënkëshin
perfect
(e kryer) 		paskam thënë paske thënë paska thënë paskemi thënë paskeni thënë paskan thënë
past perfect
(më se e kryer) 		paskësha thënë paskëshe thënë paskësh thënë paskëshim thënë paskëshit thënë paskëshin thënë
imperative
(urdhërore) 		— ti — — ju —
present
(e tashme) 		— thuaj — — thoni —
¹) indicative future identical with conditional present ²) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect

Derived termsEdit

Kalo Finnish RomaniEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Romani them.

NounEdit

them m

  1. country, state

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “them” in Finnish Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Middle EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronounEdit

them

  1. Alternative spelling of þem (“them”)

Etymology 2Edit

DeterminerEdit

them

  1. Alternative spelling of þem (“the, that, this”)

Etymology 3Edit

NounEdit

them

  1. Alternative form of tem (“group”)

Etymology 4Edit

VerbEdit

them

  1. Alternative form of temen (“to produce offspring”)

RomaniEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Sanskrit *स्थाम्य (sthāmya).

NounEdit

them m (plural thema)

  1. country

DescendantsEdit

  • Kalo Finnish Romani: them
  • Welsh Romani: them

ReferencesEdit

  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*sthāmya”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 794
  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “them, ~a”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, OCLC 1267332830, page 156

Welsh RomaniEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Romani them.

NounEdit

them m (in the plural thema)

  1. land, country
  2. country (as opposed to town)
  3. earth, world

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “them” in Welsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.
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