bos
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
bos
English edit
Noun edit
bos
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch bos, from Middle Dutch bosch, busch, from Old Dutch *busc, from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bos (plural bosse, diminutive bossie)
- wood, forest
- bush, shrub
- bunch, bundle, sheaf, bouquet
- Hy het vir my 'n bossie blomme gegee.
- He gave me a bunch/bouquet of flowers.
Derived terms edit
Aragonese edit
Etymology edit
From Latin vos. Cognate to Spanish os and French vous.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
bos
Synonyms edit
Cornish edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
- (RMC) IPA(key): /ˈbɔːz/
- (RLC) IPA(key): (verbal noun) /ˈboːz/, (long forms, e.g. ero'ma, ere'vy) /ˈɛrɐ/, (preterite) /ˈbiː/
Verb edit
bos
- to be
- (Revived Late Cornish, future, preterite or conditional tenses) to have; to get
- My a veu own.
- I was frightened.
- (literally, “I had fright.”)
- Nei via pris da rag an hern.
- We would get a good price for the pilchards.
- Termyn aral hwei vedh moy.
- Another time you will have more.
Conjugation edit
Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | ||||||||
Present (short) |
Present (long) |
Future- Habitual |
Imperfect (short) |
Imperfect (long) |
Preterite | Conditional | Present- future |
Imperfect | ||
1s | ov vy, oma | esof vy, eroma | bedhaf vy | en vy | esen vy, eren vy | beuv vy | bien vy | biv vy, byma | ben vy | - |
2s | os jy, osta | esos jy, esta | bedhyth jy, bedhys jy | es jy | eses jy, eres jy | beus jy, beusta | bies jy | by jy, bosta | bes jy, besta | bëdh, bÿdh |
3s | yw ev, ywa | yma ev, usy ev, eus | bëdh ev, bÿdh ev | o ev | esa ev, eja ev, era ev | beu ev | bia ev | bo ev | be ev | bedhes |
1p | on ny | eson ny, eron ny | bedhyn ny | en ny | esen ny, eren ny | beun ny | bien ny | bon ny | ben ny | bedhyn |
2p | owgh why | esowgh, erowgh why | bedhowgh why | ewgh why | esewgh why, erewgh why | bewgh why | biewgh why | bowgh why | bewgh why | bedhowgh |
3p | yns y | ymowns y, ymôns y, usons y | bedhons y | êns y | esens y, erens y | bowns y | biens y | bowns y | bêns y | bedhens |
Present participle: ow pos, ow pones |
Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | ||||||||
Present (short) |
Present (long) |
Future- Habitual |
Imperfect (short) |
Imperfect (long) |
Preterite | Conditional | Present- future |
Imperfect | ||
1s | ov vy, o'ma | esov vy | bydhav vy | en vy | esen vy | beuv vy | bien vy | biv vy, bon vy | ben vy | - |
2s | os jy, os ta | esos jy, es ta | bydhydh jy | es jy | eses jy | beus jy | bies jy | bi jy, bos jy | bes jy | bydh |
3s | yw ev | yma ev, usi ev, eus | bydh ev | o ev | esa ev | beu ev | bia ev | bo ev | be ev | bedhes |
1p | on ni | eson ni | bydhyn ni | en ni | esen ni | beun ni | bien ni | byn ni, bon ni | ben ni | bedhyn |
2p | owgh hwi | esowgh hwi | bydhowgh hwi | ewgh hwi | esewgh hwi | bewgh hwi | biewgh hwi | bowgh hwi | bewgh hwi | bedhowgh |
3p | yns i | ymons i, usons i | bydhons i | ens i | esens i | bons i | biens i | bons i | bens i | bedhens |
0 | or | eder | bedher | os | eses | beus | bies | ber | bes | - |
Present participle: ow pos Verbal adjective: (not used) |
Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative | ||||||||
Present (short) |
Present (long) |
Future- Habitual |
Imperfect (short)1 |
Imperfect (long)1 |
Preterite | Conditional | Present- future |
Imperfect2 | ||
1s | om, o'ma, o'vy | erom, ero'ma, ero'vy | bedham, bedha'ma, bedha'vy | om, o'ma, o'vy | ere'vy | beu'ma, beu'vy | biem, bie'vy | bon, bo'ma, bo'vy | be'vy | - |
2s | os, o'chy, os ta | ero'chy, es'ta | bedhys, bedhys ta | os, o'chy, os ta | ere'chy, es'ta | beus ta, beu'chy | bies, bie'chy | bos, bo'ta, bo'chy | bes, bes ta | bedh |
3s | ew, ewa (m.) | ma, eus, uji | bedh, bedha (m.) | o | era | beu | bia | bo | be | bedhes, bedhens |
1p | on, o'nei | ero'nei | bedhyn | o'nei | ere'nei | beu'nei | bie'nei | bon, bo'nei | ben, be'nei | bedhyn |
2p | o'hwei | ero'hwei | bedho'hwei | o'hwei | ere'hwei | bo'hwei, bew', be'hwei | bie'hwi | bow', bo'hwi | bew', bew'hwei | bedhow', bedhew' |
3p | ens, en'jei | mons, mon'jei, ma jei, ujons, ujon'jei | bedhons, bedh anjei | o'njei, o anjei | eren'jei, era anjei | bon'jei, beu anjei | biens, bia anjei | bons, bo anjei | bens, be anjei | bedhens |
0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Present participle: o pos Verbal adjective: (not used) |
2 The imperfect subjunctive has been replaced by the present-future subjunctive. Words such as mar (“if”) that trigger the imperfect subjunctive are used with other tenses:
• (present): mar th'ew da genow' gosowes "if you like to listen"
• (conditional): mar kressa an den gweles "if the man saw"
Orthography note: The apologetic apostrophe is used in Standard Written Form to indicate a contraction or a dropped consonant, but in practice is either dropped or replaced with a space — although usually not after th (“preverbal particle used to mark affirmative verb in a main clause”).
Mutation edit
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
bos
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Dalmatian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Possibly from Latin buxus (“box tree”).
Noun edit
bos m
Etymology 2 edit
Unknown.
Noun edit
bos m
Danish edit
Noun edit
bos n
Dutch edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch bosch, busch, from Old Dutch *busc, from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bos n (plural bossen, diminutive bosje n)
- wood, forest
- Zij ging wandelen in de bossen.
- She went walking in the woods.
- (Suriname) jungle, tropical rainforest
Noun edit
bos m (plural bossen, diminutive bosje n)
Derived terms edit
- bebossen
- biesbos
- bos hout voor de deur
- bosbedrijf
- bosbeheer
- bosbes
- bosbewaring
- bosbewoner
- bosbouw
- bosbrand
- boshoen
- boskoe
- bosloos
- bosmier
- bospaardenstaart
- bospolitie
- bosrietzanger
- bosruiter
- bosspitsmuis
- bosui
- bosuil
- bosvogel
- boswachter
- dennenbos
- door de bomen het bos niet meer zien
- geriefbos
- herbebossen
- loofbos
- miltvuurbos
- naaldbos
- oerbos
- ontbossen
- ooibos
- pestbos
- rabattenbos
- rooibos
- schaambos
- takkenbos
-in Dutch toponyms:
- Adriaan Tripbos
- Ballastplaatbos
- Bedumerbos
- Beijumerbos
- Bellingwolderbos
- Beusebos
- Bevrijdingsbos
- Blijhamsterbos
- Corversbos
- Diemerbos
- Dingebos
- Donkere Bos
- Dr. Hommesbos
- Drevenbos
- Formerumerbos
- Haarsterbos
- Hollumerbos
- Hoornerbos
- Horstenerbos
- Huisweersterbos
- Kweekbos
- Kwelbos
- Lauwersoogbos
- Marnebos
- Meebos
- Middelstumerbos
- Nanninga's Bos
- Nesserbos
- Nieuwe Schanskerbos
- Noordlaarderbos
- Oostbos
- Pekelder Bos
- Quintusbos
- Roelagerbos
- Scharlakenbos
- Schinkelbos
- Steendamsterbos
- Telegraafbos
- Tempelbos
- Ten Boersterbos
- Vierhuizerbos
- Vledderbos
- Vlinderbalgbos
- W.H. Vliegenbos
- Wagenborgerbos
- Warffumerbos
- Winschoterbos
- Zuidwalbos
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: bos
- Berbice Creole Dutch: bosi
- Negerhollands: boesch, bosch
- → Aukan: bosu
- → Caribbean Javanese: bos (bunch, bundle)
- → English: bush
- →? Guyanese Creole English: bush
- → Indonesian: bos
- → Papiamentu: bòshi, bosji (from the diminutive)
- → Sranan Tongo: bosu (bunch, bundle)
- → Sranan Tongo: busi (forest)
Friulian edit
Etymology edit
From Latin buxus, from Ancient Greek πύξος (púxos).
Noun edit
bos m (plural bos)
Galician edit
Adjective edit
bos
Guinea-Bissau Creole edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese vos. Cognate with Kabuverdianu bo.
Pronoun edit
bos
- you (plural second person)
Indonesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Dutch bos (“cluster, bunch”), from Middle Dutch bosch, busch, from Old Dutch *busc, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.
Noun edit
bos (first-person possessive bosku, second-person possessive bosmu, third-person possessive bosnya)
Etymology 2 edit
From English boss, from Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-Germanic *baswô, masculine form of Proto-Germanic *baswǭ (“father's sister, aunt, cousin”). Cognate with Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”), Old Frisian bas (“master”) (> Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”)), Old High German basa ("father's sister, cousin"; > German Base (“aunt, cousin”)). Doublet of bas.
Noun edit
bos (plural bos-bos, first-person possessive bosku, second-person possessive bosmu, third-person possessive bosnya)
Further reading edit
- “bos” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Irish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish bas, bos (“palm”), from Proto-Celtic *bostā (“palm, fist”) (compare Breton boz (“hollow of the hand”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷosto-, *gʷosdʰo- (“branch”).
Noun edit
bos f (genitive singular boise, nominative plural bosa)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bos | bhos | mbos |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bos”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 bas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Kristang edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese vós (“ye”), from Old Galician-Portuguese vos, from Latin vōs (“ye”).
Pronoun edit
bos
See also edit
Kristang personal pronouns (edit) | ||
---|---|---|
Person | Singular | Plural |
First | yo | nus |
Second | bos | bolotu |
Third | eli | olotu |
References edit
- ^ 2010, Ladislav Prištic, Kristang - Crioulo de Base Portuguesa, Masaryk University, page 26.
Ladino edit
Noun edit
bos f (Latin spelling, plural bozes)
- Alternative form of boz
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Irregular, for the expected **vōs/**ūs, accusative **vom, oblique stem **vov-, from Proto-Italic *gʷōs, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws, which also gave Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Sanskrit गो (go) (nominative singular gaúḥ), and English cow.
Most likely a borrowing from Sabellic (Oscan-Umbrian), attested as Umbrian bum (acc.sg.), bue (abl.sg.), buo (gen.pl.), buf (acc.pl.) all spelling /bō-/. This was likely motivated by the fact that the expected form would have produced an undesirable homonymic clash: with vōs (“you”) in the nominative and with ovis (“sheep”) in the oblique. It's unclear whether the borrowing included the entire paradigm, or just the initial consonant.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bōs m or f (irregular, genitive bovis); third declension
Declension edit
Third-declension noun (irregular).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | bōs | bovēs |
Genitive | bovis | boum bovum boverum |
Dative | bovī | bōbus būbus bovibus |
Accusative | bovem | bovēs |
Ablative | bove bovīd |
bōbus būbus bovibus |
Vocative | bōs | bovēs |
- The medial /w/ is often found spelled B, normally not spelled in the form boum, and is sometimes lost in the forms bo(v)e and bo(v)ēs.
- The ablative singular is once the archaizing bovīd in an inscription.
Synonyms edit
Hypernyms edit
Hyponyms edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Balkan-Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Padanian:
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Borrowings:
References edit
- “bōs” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “bōs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 74
Further reading edit
- “bos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “bos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- bos in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- bos in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “On Latin bōs”, in laohutiger.wordpress.com, 2012 January 2, retrieved 2021-06-16
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bos n (definite singular boset, uncountable)
Further reading edit
- “bos” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Frisian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *bansaz (“stall”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind”). Cognates include Old English *bōs, Old Saxon *bōs and Old Norse báss.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bōs m
Descendants edit
References edit
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Romanian edit
Noun edit
bos m (plural boși)
- Alternative form of boss
Declension edit
Sardinian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs, from the oblique case forms of Proto-Indo-European *yū́ (“you”).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
bos (possessive bostru)
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bosъ.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
bȏs (definite bȏsī, Cyrillic spelling бо̑с)
Declension edit
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | bos | bosa | boso | |
genitive | bosa | bose | bosa | |
dative | bosu | bosoj | bosu | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
bos bosa |
bosu | boso |
vocative | bos | bosa | boso | |
locative | bosu | bosoj | bosu | |
instrumental | bosim | bosom | bosim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | bosi | bose | bosa | |
genitive | bosih | bosih | bosih | |
dative | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | |
accusative | bose | bose | bosa | |
vocative | bosi | bose | bosa | |
locative | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | |
instrumental | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | bosim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | bosi | bosa | boso | |
genitive | bosog(a) | bose | bosog(a) | |
dative | bosom(u/e) | bosoj | bosom(u/e) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
bosi bosog(a) |
bosu | boso |
vocative | bosi | bosa | boso | |
locative | bosom(e/u) | bosoj | bosom(e/u) | |
instrumental | bosim | bosom | bosim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | bosi | bose | bosa | |
genitive | bosih | bosih | bosih | |
dative | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | |
accusative | bose | bose | bosa | |
vocative | bosi | bose | bosa | |
locative | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | |
instrumental | bosim(a) | bosim(a) | bosim(a) |
Slovene edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *bosъ.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
bȍs or bòs (not comparable)
Inflection edit
Hard | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nom. sing. | bós | bósa | bóso |
singular | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | bós ind bósi def |
bósa | bóso |
genitive | bósega | bóse | bósega |
dative | bósemu | bósi | bósemu |
accusative | nominativeinan or genitiveanim |
bóso | bóso |
locative | bósem | bósi | bósem |
instrumental | bósim | bóso | bósim |
dual | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | bósa | bósi | bósi |
genitive | bósih | bósih | bósih |
dative | bósima | bósima | bósima |
accusative | bósa | bósi | bósi |
locative | bósih | bósih | bósih |
instrumental | bósima | bósima | bósima |
plural | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | bósi | bóse | bósa |
genitive | bósih | bósih | bósih |
dative | bósim | bósim | bósim |
accusative | bóse | bóse | bósa |
locative | bósih | bósih | bósih |
instrumental | bósimi | bósimi | bósimi |
Hard | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nom. sing. | bòs | bôsa | bôso |
singular | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | bòs ind bôsi def |
bôsa | bôso |
genitive | bôsega | bôse | bôsega |
dative | bôsemu | bôsi | bôsemu |
accusative | nominativeinan or genitiveanim |
bôso | bôso |
locative | bôsem | bôsi | bôsem |
instrumental | bôsim | bôso | bôsim |
dual | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | bôsa | bôsi | bôsi |
genitive | bôsih | bôsih | bôsih |
dative | bôsima | bôsima | bôsima |
accusative | bôsa | bôsi | bôsi |
locative | bôsih | bôsih | bôsih |
instrumental | bôsima | bôsima | bôsima |
plural | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | bôsi | bôse | bôsa |
genitive | bôsih | bôsih | bôsih |
dative | bôsim | bôsim | bôsim |
accusative | bôse | bôse | bôsa |
locative | bôsih | bôsih | bôsih |
instrumental | bôsimi | bôsimi | bôsimi |
Further reading edit
- “bos”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Swedish edit
Noun edit
bos
Verb edit
bos
Synonyms edit
Anagrams edit
Tagalog edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈbos/, [ˈbos]
- Rhymes: -os
Noun edit
bos (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜐ᜔) (colloquial)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “boss”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
bos
- boss; overseer; master
- 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:26:
- Bihain God i tok olsem, “Nau yumi wokim ol manmeri bai ol i kamap olsem yumi yet. Bai yumi putim ol i stap bos bilong ol pis na ol pisin na bilong olgeta kain animal na bilong olgeta samting bilong graun.”
Synonyms edit
Related terms edit
Volapük edit
Pronoun edit
bos