yo
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
yo
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
As a greeting first attested in 1859, attested first as a cry of sailors and huntsmen (first attested in the 1400s; compare e.g. huzzah, giddyup). Originally from Middle English yo, io, ȝo, yeo, yaw, variant forms of ya, ye (“yes, yea”), from Old English ġēa (“yes, yea”), from Proto-Germanic *ja (“yes, thus, so”), from Proto-Indo-European *yē (“already”); or perhaps from Old English ēow (“Wo!, Alas!”, interjection). Compare Danish, Swedish, German, Norwegian jo (“yes (flexible meaning)”), Dutch jow (“hi, hey”) and Dutch jo (“hi, hey”). More at yea, ow, ew.
Modern popularity apparently dates from World War II (claimed to be a common response at roll calls; see definition 4), and then most intensely attested in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; it thence spread globally from American dominance of pop culture post-WWII.
Interjection edit
yo
- (slang) A greeting similar to hi.
- (slang) An interjection similar to hey.
- Synonyms: ahoy, oi; see also Thesaurus:hey
- Yo, check this out!
- Check this out, yo!
- (slang) An expression of surprise or excitement.
- Yo, that's crazy, but I don't remember asking.
- 2021 October 2, Mason Cannon, “Don't Feel Pressured To Declare Your Major Right Away”, in Study Breaks[1]:
- I have quickly acclimated myself to the standard form of greeting on campus: "Oh hey what’s your name? … Yeah, nice to meet you, what're you studying? … Yo that’s sick!" A script to recite, nearly verbatim, 10 times a day or more.
- (military slang) Present! Here!
- Sergeant: Smith?
Private Smith: Yo!
- Sergeant: Smith?
- (chiefly African-American Vernacular) Emphatic conclusion to a statement.
- 2010, "Kafkaesque" (Breaking Bad TV series, season 3, episode 9)
- JESSE: That is messed up, yo.
- 2010, "Kafkaesque" (Breaking Bad TV series, season 3, episode 9)
Synonyms edit
- (greeting): hey, hi; see also Category:Greetings
- (interjection): hey
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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Etymology 2 edit
Alternative forms edit
Determiner edit
yo
- (colloquial) Pronunciation spelling of your.
- Yo sandwich has only bacon in it. Want some ketchup on that?
Derived terms edit
Pronoun edit
yo
- (Baltimore) third-person singular, familiar
- Yo was tuckin' in his shirt! (Stotko and Troyer 2007)
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
yo
Etymology 4 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
yo (plural yos)
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
Etymology 5 edit
Numeral edit
yo
- Short for yoleven.
Etymology 6 edit
From irregular romanization of the standard Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 龠 (yuè).
Noun edit
yo (plural yo or yos)
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Afar edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
yó
Usage notes edit
- The form yóo is used when the pronoun isn't followed by a clitic.
See also edit
References edit
- E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “yo”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
Aragonese edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronoun edit
yo m sg or f sg
- First-person singular nominative pronoun; I
See also edit
nominative | disjunctive | dative | accusative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me, m'2 | ||||
plural | masculine | nusatros1.1 | nos1.6 | ||||
feminine | nusatras1.1 | ||||||
second person | singular | familiar | tú | te, t'2 | |||
formal | vusté,1.2 vos | ||||||
plural | familiar | masculine | vusatros1.3 | vos, tos3 | |||
feminine | vusatras1.3 | ||||||
formal | vustés,1.2 vos | ||||||
third person | singular | masculine | él1.4 | le1.7 | lo,1.8 l'2 | ||
feminine | ella1.5 | la | |||||
plural | masculine | els, ellos1.4 | les1.7 | los1.9 | |||
feminine | ellas1.5 | las | |||||
reflexive | — | se, s'2 |
- The forms shown in the table are the most widespread ones. Some varieties use different forms:
- nusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and nusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
- usté(s) (Benasquese), ustet(z) (Ansotano), vustet(z) (Tensino, Somontanos)
- vusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and vusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
- ell(s) (Benasquese) and er(s) (Belsetán).
- era(s) (Belsetán).
- mos (Ribagorçan). Before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en the contracted form mo' is used.
- li(s) (Cheso, Tensino).
- el (Ribagorçan). The contracted form l' is used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds and 'l after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
- es, els (Ribagorçan). These forms are contracted to 's and 'ls after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
- The contracted forms are used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds.
- In Ribagorçan the contracted form to' is used before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en.
References edit
- “yo”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)
Asturian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronoun edit
yo
- I (first-person singular pronoun)
Chavacano edit
Etymology edit
Pronoun edit
yo (accusative conmigo)
- I (first-person singular pronoun)
Chinese edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
yo
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly university slang) outgoing; sociable
Verb edit
yo (Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly university slang)
- to act in an outgoing manner
- to socialize with; to interact with
- (euphemistic) Used in certain interjections to replace vulgar verbs.
Derived terms edit
Danish edit
Etymology edit
Interjection edit
yo
- (slang) yo
- 2016, Lisbeth Zornig, Mikael Lindholm, Bundfald, Art People, →ISBN:
- “Yo!” Mathias så op.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
yo
Guerrero Amuzgo edit
Adjective edit
yo
Haitian Creole edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
yo pl
Usage notes edit
This word is only used in its article sense when it modifies a plural noun.
See also edit
- a
- an
- la
- lan
- nan
- sa a (emphatic value)
- yon (indef. art.)
Pronoun edit
yo (contracted form y)
Indonesian edit
Etymology 1 edit
A shortening of "ayo" (come on)
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
yo
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
yo
Kristang edit
Pronoun edit
yo
See also edit
Kristang personal pronouns (edit) | ||
---|---|---|
Person | Singular | Plural |
First | yo | nus |
Second | bos | bolotu |
Third | eli | olotu |
References edit
- ^ 2010, Ladislav Prištic, Kristang - Crioulo de Base Portuguesa, Masaryk University, page 26.
Ladino edit
Etymology edit
From Old Spanish yo, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
yo (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling ייו)
Lashi edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Lolo-Burmese *hja, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hja. Cognates include Jingpho yi.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
yo
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
yo
Etymology 3 edit
From Proto-Lolo-Burmese [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ja. Cognates include Jingpho kăya.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
yo
References edit
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[2], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis), pages 15-16
Lingala edit
Pronoun edit
yo
- Alternative form of yɔ̂
Lower Tanana edit
Noun edit
yo
References edit
- James Kari, Lower Tanana Athabaskan Listening and Writing Exercises (1991)
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 喲/哟
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嚛/𪠸, 𪠸
yo
- Nonstandard spelling of yō.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronoun edit
yo
- Alternative form of yow
Etymology 2 edit
Pronoun edit
yo
- Alternative form of heo (“she”)
Noone edit
Noun edit
yo (plural yɔ́)
References edit
- R. Blench, Beboid Comparative
Norman edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old French yaue, ewe, euwe, egua (“water”), from Latin aqua (“water”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekʷeh₂ (“water, flowing water”).
Noun edit
yo f (plural yos)
Old Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Adverb edit
yo
Descendants edit
Pali edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronoun edit
yo
- masculine nominative singular of ya (“who (relative)”)
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Spanish yo, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
yo
- First-person singular pronoun in the nominative case; I
Usage notes edit
- When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun yo at first; it must be the last one (this also applies to mí):
- Iremos Rosa, tú y yo. ― Rosa, you and I will go.
Derived terms edit
See also edit
nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me | mí1 | |||
plural | masculine2 | nosotros | nos | nosotros | |||
feminine | nosotras | nosotras | |||||
second person | singular | tuteo | tú | te | ti1 | ||
voseo | vos | vos | |||||
formal3 | usted | le, se4 | lo/la5 | usted | |||
plural | familiar6 | masculine2 | vosotros | os | vosotros | ||
feminine | vosotras | vosotras | |||||
formal/general3 | ustedes | les, se4 | los/las5 | ustedes | |||
third person | singular | masculine2 | él | le, se4 | lo | él | |
feminine | ella | la | ella | ||||
neuter | ello7 | lo | ello | ||||
plural | masculine2 | ellos | les, se4 | los | ellos | ||
feminine | ellas | las | ellas | ||||
reflexive | — | se | sí1 |
- Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
- Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
- Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
- If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
- Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
- Used primarily in Spain
- Used only in rare circumstances
Noun edit
- (psychoanalysis) Freud's concept of the ego
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “yo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Turkish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
yo
Further reading edit
- “yo”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “yo¹”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5343
West Makian edit
Pronunciation edit
Particle edit
yo
- sentence-final action negation particle; not
- de tifiam yo ― I am not eating
Usage notes edit
Specifically negates action verbs (intransitive, transitive, ditransitive, etc.). To negate a stative verb, see wayo. The verbs seba/tope (“to want”) are not negated by ua, which would be ungrammatical. Instead, one uses the verb fono (“to not want”).
References edit
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[3], Pacific linguistics
Xhosa edit
Pronoun edit
-yo
- Combining stem of yona.
Yanomamö edit
Noun edit
yo (plural yoku)
References edit
- Lizot, Jacques (2004) Diccionario enciclopédico de la lengua yãnomãmɨ (in Spanish), Vicariato apostólico de Puerto Ayacucho, →ISBN
Ye'kwana edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
yo
- (transitive) to leave (someone) without a portion from the hunt
References edit
- Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “yo”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana[4], Lyon
Yoruba edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
yó
- to become saturated with food or drinks; to become full (after eating)
- to become drunk
- to become fleshy or robust (in reference to the belly or body)
- (idiomatic, euphemistic) to become pregnant
Derived terms edit
- Àwòyó (“a nickname for the orisha Yemọja”)
Zulu edit
Pronoun edit
-yo
- Combining stem of yona.