Translingual

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Symbol

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rak

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Tulu-Bohuai.

See also

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Breton

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Pronunciation

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  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Conjunction

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rak

  1. because

Preposition

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rak

  1. before

Inflection

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Personal forms of rak
singular plural
1st person razon razomp
2nd person razout razoc'h
3rd person m razañ razo
f razi
impersonal razor

Crimean Tatar

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Russian рак (rak).

Noun

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rak

  1. cancer

Declension

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Declension of rak
singular plural
nominative rak raklar
genitive raknıñ raklarnıñ
dative rakqa raklarğa
accusative raknı raklarnı
locative rakta raklarda
ablative raktan raklardan

References

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  • Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
  • rak”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech rak, from Proto-Slavic *rakъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rak m anim (relational adjective račí, diminutive ráček)

  1. crayfish
  2. (colloquial, archaic) cancer
    Synonym: rakovina

Declension

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Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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Danish

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Pronunciation

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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rak n (singular definite rakket, not used in plural form)

  1. rabble, riffraff
    Få så det rak væk! Det skræmmer kunderne væk.
    Get that rabble away! It scares off the customers.

Verb

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rak

  1. imperative of rakke

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Related to rekken.

Noun

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rak n (plural rakken, diminutive rakje n)

  1. a straight section of a waterway
  2. a straight distance or section that one traverses by sailing
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Middle Dutch rac. Variant of rek. Possibly related to etymology 1.

Noun

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rak n (plural rakken, diminutive rakje n)

  1. (nautical) a rack, a frame
    Synonym: rek
Descendants
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  • Indonesian: rak

Etymology 3

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From Middle Dutch *rak, from Old Dutch *rak, from Proto-West Germanic *rak, from Proto-Germanic *raką (cord, chain). Alternatively borrowed from Middle Low German rak (parrel), from Old Saxon *rak, from the same West Germanic source above.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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rak n (plural rakken, diminutive rakje n)

  1. a rope (often protected with wooden beads), chain or brace for fixing a spar to the mast
    Synonym: rek

Hungarian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finno-Ugric *rakkɜ- (to make, prepare, build). Cognates include Finnish rakentaa.[1][2]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈrɒk]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɒk

Verb

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rak

  1. (transitive) to put, set
    Synonyms: tesz, helyez, pakol

Conjugation

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Conjugation of rak
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. rakok raksz rak rakunk raktok raknak
def. rakom rakod rakja rakjuk rakjátok rakják
2nd obj raklak
past indef. raktam raktál rakott raktunk raktatok raktak
def. raktam raktad rakta raktuk raktátok rakták
2nd obj raktalak
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. rakni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. rakék rakál raka rakánk rakátok rakának
def. rakám rakád raká rakánk rakátok rakák
2nd obj rakálak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rak vala, rakott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. rakandok rakandasz rakand rakandunk rakandotok rakandanak
def. rakandom rakandod rakandja rakandjuk rakandjátok rakandják
2nd obj rakandalak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. raknék raknál rakna raknánk raknátok raknának
def. raknám raknád rakná raknánk
(or raknók)
raknátok raknák
2nd obj raknálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rakott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. rakjak rakj or
rakjál
rakjon rakjunk rakjatok rakjanak
def. rakjam rakd or
rakjad
rakja rakjuk rakjátok rakják
2nd obj rakjalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rakott légyen
infinitive rakni raknom raknod raknia raknunk raknotok rakniuk
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
rakás rakó rakott rakandó rakva (rakván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
Potential conjugation of rak
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. rakhatok rakhatsz rakhat rakhatunk rakhattok rakhatnak
def. rakhatom rakhatod rakhatja rakhatjuk rakhatjátok rakhatják
2nd obj rakhatlak
past indef. rakhattam rakhattál rakhatott rakhattunk rakhattatok rakhattak
def. rakhattam rakhattad rakhatta rakhattuk rakhattátok rakhatták
2nd obj rakhattalak
archaic
preterite
indef. rakhaték rakhatál rakhata rakhatánk rakhatátok rakhatának
def. rakhatám rakhatád rakhatá rakhatánk rakhatátok rakhaták
2nd obj rakhatálak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rakhat vala, rakhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. rakhatandok
or rakandhatok
rakhatandasz
or rakandhatsz
rakhatand
or rakandhat
rakhatandunk
or rakandhatunk
rakhatandotok
or rakandhattok
rakhatandanak
or rakandhatnak
def. rakhatandom
or rakandhatom
rakhatandod
or rakandhatod
rakhatandja
or rakandhatja
rakhatandjuk
or rakandhatjuk
rakhatandjátok
or rakandhatjátok
rakhatandják
or rakandhatják
2nd obj rakhatandalak
or rakandhatlak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. rakhatnék rakhatnál rakhatna rakhatnánk rakhatnátok rakhatnának
def. rakhatnám rakhatnád rakhatná rakhatnánk
(or rakhatnók)
rakhatnátok rakhatnák
2nd obj rakhatnálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rakhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. rakhassak rakhass or
rakhassál
rakhasson rakhassunk rakhassatok rakhassanak
def. rakhassam rakhasd or
rakhassad
rakhassa rakhassuk rakhassátok rakhassák
2nd obj rakhassalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rakhatott légyen
infinitive (rakhatni) (rakhatnom) (rakhatnod) (rakhatnia) (rakhatnunk) (rakhatnotok) (rakhatniuk)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
rakható rakhatatlan (rakhatva / rakhatván)

Derived terms

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Compound words

(With verbal prefixes):

References

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  1. ^ Entry #850 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ rak in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • rak in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Anagrams

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Icelandic

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse rak.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rak n (genitive singular raks, nominative plural rök)

  1. wick (of a candle)
    Synonym: kveikur
  2. (chiefly in the plural) raking (quantity of hay)
Declension
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Declension of rak (neuter)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative rak rakið rök rökin
accusative rak rakið rök rökin
dative raki rakinu rökum rökunum
genitive raks raksins raka rakanna

Etymology 2

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Verb

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rak

  1. first/third-person singular past indicative active of reka

Anagrams

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Indonesian

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Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Onomatopoeic.

Noun

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rak (uncountable)

  1. sound of cracking (specifically about wooden branch breaking)
  2. sound of a pen being scratched

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Dutch rak, rek (rack), from Middle Dutch rac, recke, rec.

Noun

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rak (plural rak-rak)

  1. rack:
    1. a series of one or more shelves, stacked one above the other
    2. any of various kinds of frame for holding luggage or other objects on a vehicle or vessel.
  2. shelf: a flat, rigid structure, fixed at right angles to a wall or forming a part of a cabinet, desk, etc., and used to display, store, or support objects
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Lower Sorbian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *rakъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rak m anim

  1. crustacean
  2. cancer
  3. Cancer

Declension

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Further reading

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  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “rak”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “rak”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Malay

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [raʔ]
  • Rhymes: -ak
  • Hyphenation: rak

Etymology 1

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Probably from English rack.

Noun

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rak (Jawi spelling رق, plural rak-rak)

  1. A shelf.
    Synonyms: para / para-para, almari
Compounds
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Descendants
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  • Indonesian: rak

Etymology 2

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Clipping of derak.

Noun

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rak (Jawi spelling رق, plural rak-rak)

  1. (onomatopoeia) The sound of a pen being dragged across a paper.
  2. (onomatopoeia) The sound of wood breaking and other similar things.
Affixations
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Descendants
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  • Indonesian: rak

Etymology 3

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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rak (Jawi spelling رق, plural rak-rak)

  1. (Kelantan-Pattani) A not so thick bush.

Etymology 4

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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rak (Jawi spelling رق)

  1. (Kelantan-Pattani) alternative form of larat

References

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Marshallese

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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rak

  1. south
  2. summer

Synonyms

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References

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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Compare with Icelandic rakur

Adjective

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rak (masculine and feminine rak, neuter rakt, definite singular and plural rake)

  1. salted and partially fermented (of fish)

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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Compare with Icelandic rakur

Adjective

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rak (neuter rakt, definite singular and plural rake)

  1. salted and partially fermented (of fish)
  2. straight
    Synonyms: bein, rett
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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rak

  1. imperative of raka

References

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Old Norse

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Verb

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rak

  1. first/third-person singular past active indicative of reka

Palauan

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

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rak

  1. year

References

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  • rak in Palauan Language Online: Palauan-English Dictionary, at tekinged.com.
  • rak in Palauan-English Dictionary, at trussel2.com.
  • rak in Lewis S. Josephs, Edwin G. McManus, Masa-aki Emesiochel (1977) Palauan-English Dictionary, University Press of Hawaii, →ISBN, page 285.

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish rak, from Proto-Slavic *ràkъ.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ak
  • Syllabification: rak

Noun

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rak m animal (diminutive raczek)

  1. cancer (disease)
  2. crayfish (term also used for certain other crustaceans)
  3. crampon (spike on a boot used for ice climbing)
  4. (Near Masovian) wooden measure on a windmill to regulate the spacing between the fingers of the millwheel
    Hypernym: miara

Declension

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Derived terms

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proper nouns
verb

Further reading

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  • rak in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • rak in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Władysław Matlakowski (1891) “rak”, in “Zbiór wyrazów ludowych dawnej ziemi czerskiej”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume 4, Krakow: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 369

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rakъ.

Noun

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rȁk m (Cyrillic spelling ра̏к, diminutive ràčić)

  1. crab
  2. cancer (astrology)
    Ja sam rak u horoskopu.I am cancer in horoscope.
  3. (colloquial) cancer (disease)
    Imam rak dojke.I have breast cancer.

Usage notes

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Rak can also be declined inanimated, if used for the disease.

Declension

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Declension of rak
singular plural
nominative rȁk ràkovi
genitive raka rakova
dative raku rakovima
accusative raka rakove
vocative rače rakovi
locative raku rakovima
instrumental rakom rakovima

Slovak

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Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rakъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rak m animal (relational adjective račí or (colloquial) rakový, diminutive ráčik)

  1. crayfish

Declension

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Declension of rak
(patterns chlap (singular) and dub (plural))
singularplural
nominativerakraky
genitiverakarakov
dativerakovirakom
accusativerakaraky
locativerakovirakoch
instrumentalrakomrakmi

See also

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Noun

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rak m animal (relational adjective rakový)

  1. (colloquial, archaic) cancer
    Synonym: rakovina

Declension

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Declension of rak
(patterns chlap (singular) and dub (plural))
singularplural
nominativerakraky
genitiverakarakov
dativerakovirakom
accusativerakaraky
locativerakovirakoch
instrumentalrakomrakmi

Further reading

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  • rak”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

Slovene

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Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

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rak m animacy unspecified

  1. crustacean (animal of the subphylum Crustacea)
  2. cancer

Declension

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This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

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  • rak”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

Southwestern Dinka

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Noun

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rak (plural rɔɔk)

  1. Shea tree, Vitellaria paradoxa
  2. the fruit of this tree, shea nut

References

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  • Dinka-English Dictionary[2], 2005

Swedish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse rakr, related to rekja (to unwind; to trace). Compare English right.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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rak (comparative rakare, superlative rakast)

  1. straight; unbent
  2. straight; direct, frank
  3. (internal combustion engines) straight

Declension

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Inflection of rak
Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
common singular rak rakare rakast
neuter singular rakt rakare rakast
plural raka rakare rakast
masculine plural2 rake rakare rakast
Definite positive comparative superlative
masculine singular3 rake rakare rakaste
all raka rakare rakaste

1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
2 Dated or archaic.
3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Upper Sorbian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ràkъ. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from German Krebs.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈʀak/
  • Rhymes: -ak
  • Hyphenation: rak
  • Syllabification: rak

Noun

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rak m animal

  1. (zoology) crayfish
  2. (medicine) cancer (malignant tumor, of unknown origin, with a tendency to destroy neighboring tissues and spread or disease caused by a malignant tumor)

Declension

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References

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  • rak” in Soblex