separar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin separāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [sə.pəˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [se.paˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

separar (first-person singular present separo, first-person singular preterite separí, past participle separat)

1. to separate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of separar (first conjugation)

infinitive			separar
gerund			separant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		separat		separada
		plural		separats		separades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	separo	separes	separa	separem	separeu	separen
	imperfect	separava	separaves	separava	separàvem	separàveu	separaven
	future	separaré	separaràs	separarà	separarem	separareu	separaran
	preterite	separí	separares	separà	separàrem	separàreu	separaren
	conditional	separaria	separaries	separaria	separaríem	separaríeu	separarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	separi	separis	separi	separem	separeu	separin
	imperfect	separés	separessis	separés	separéssim	separéssiu	separessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	separa	separi	separem	separeu	separin
	negative (no)	—	no separis	no separi	no separem	no separeu	no separin

Related terms

• separable
• separació
• separatisme
• separatista

 

Further reading

• “separar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “separar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “separar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “separar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin separāre, present active infinitive of sēparō. Doublet of xebrar.

Verb

separar (first-person singular present separo, first-person singular preterite separei, past participle separado)

1. (transitive) to separate (to disunite from a group or mass; to disconnect)

   Synonym: apartar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of separar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	separar
Personal	separar	separares	separar	separarmos	separardes	separaren
Gerund
	separando
Past participle
Masculine	separado			separados
Feminine	separada			separadas
Indicative
Present	separo	separas	separa	separamos	separades	separan
Imperfect	separaba	separabas	separaba	separabamos	separabades	separaban
Preterite	separei	separaches	separou	separamos	separastes	separaron
Pluperfect	separara	separaras	separara	separaramos	separarades	separaran
Future	separarei	separarás	separará	separaremos	separaredes	separarán
Conditional	separaría	separarías	separaría	separariamos	separariades	separarían
Subjunctive
Present	separe	separes	separe	separemos	separedes	separen
Imperfect	separase	separases	separase	separásemos	separásedes	separasen
Future	separar	separares	separar	separarmos	separardes	separaren
Imperative
Affirmative		separa	separe	separemos	separade	separen
Negative (non)		non separes	non separe	non separemos	non separedes	non separen

    Reintegrated conjugation of separar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	separar
Personal	separar	separares	separar	separarmos	separardes	separarem
Gerund
	separando
Past participle
Masculine	separado			separados
Feminine	separada			separadas
Indicative
Present	separo	separas	separa	separamos	separades, separais	separam
Imperfect	separava	separavas	separava	separávamos	separávades, separáveis, separávais1	separavam
Preterite	separei	separaste, separache1	separou	separamos	separastes	separárom, separaram
Pluperfect	separara	separaras	separara	separáramos	separárades, separáreis, separárais1	separaram
Future	separarei	separarás	separará	separaremos	separaredes, separareis	separarám, separarão
Conditional	separaria	separarias	separaria	separaríamos	separaríades, separaríeis, separaríais1	separariam
Subjunctive
Present	separe	separes	separe	separemos	separedes, separeis	separem
Imperfect	separasse	separasses	separasse	separássemos	separássedes, separásseis	separassem
Future	separar	separares	separar	separarmos	separardes	separarem
Imperative
Affirmative		separa	separe	separemos	separade, separai	separem
Negative (nom)		nom separes	nom separe	nom separemos	nom separedes, nom separeis	nom separem

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• separación

 

Further reading

• “separar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• “separar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from English separate, French séparer, German separieren, Italian separare, Spanish separar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /se.paˈrar/

Verb

separar (present tense separas, past tense separis, future tense separos, imperative separez, conditional separus)

1. (transitive) to separate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of separar

		present		past		future
infinitive		separar		separir		separor
tense		separas		separis		separos
conditional		separus
imperative		separez
adjective active participle		separanta		separinta		separonta
adverbial active participle		separante		separinte		separonte
nominal active participle	singular	separanto		separinto		separonto
	plural	separanti		separinti		separonti
adjective passive participle		separata		separita		separota
adverbial passive participle		separate		separite		separote
nominal passive participle	singular	separato		separito		separoto
	plural	separati		separiti		separoti

Interlingua

Verb

separar

1. to separate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of separar

infinitive		separar
participle		present	perfect
		separante	separate
active		simple	perfect
	present	separa	ha separate
	past	separava	habeva separate
	future	separara	habera separate
	conditional	separarea	haberea separate
	imperative	separa
passive		simple	perfect
	present	es separate	ha essite separate
	past	esseva separate	habeva essite separate
	future	essera separate	habera essite separate
	conditional	esserea separate	haberea essite separate
	imperative	sia separate

Occitan

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

separar

1. to separate

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		separar			aver separat
gerund		separant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		separat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	separi	separas	separa	separam	separatz	separan
	imperfect	separavi	separavas	separava	separàvem	separàvetz	separavan
	preterite	separèri	separères	separèt	separèrem	separèretz	separèron
	future	separarai	separaràs	separarà	separarem	separaretz	separaràn
	conditional	separariái	separariás	separariá	separariam	separariatz	separarián
	conditional 2nd form1	separèra	separèras	separèra	separeram	separeratz	separèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	separe	separes	separe	separem	separetz	separen
	imperfect	separèssi	separèsses	separèsse	separèssem	separèssetz	separèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			separa		separem	separatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		separar			aver separat
gerund		separant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		separat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	separe	separes	separa	separam	separatz	separon
	imperfect	separave	separaves	separava	separaviam	separaviatz	separavon
	preterite	separere	separeres	separet	separem	separetz	separeron
	future	separarai	separaràs	separará	separarem	separaretz	separarán
	conditional	separariá	separariás	separariá	separariam	separariatz	separarián
	conditional 2nd form1	separèra	separèras	separèra	separeram	separeratz	separèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	separe	separes	separe	separassiam	separassiatz	separon
	imperfect	separesse	separesses	separesse	separessiam	separessiatz	separesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			separa		separassiam	separatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		separar			aver separat
gerund		separant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		separat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	separi	separas	separa	separam	separatz	separan
	imperfect	separavi	separavas	separava	separàvam	separàvatz	separavan
	preterite	separèi	separès	separè	separèm	separètz	separèn
	future	separarèi	separaràs	separarà	separaram	separaratz	separaràn
	conditional	separarí	separarés	separaré	separarem	separaretz	separarén
	conditional 2nd form1	separèra	separèras	separèra	separeram	separeratz	separèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	separi	separes	separe	separem	separetz	separen
	imperfect	separèssi	separèsses	separèsse	separèssem	separèssetz	separèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			separa		separem	separatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		separar			aver separat
gerund		separant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		separat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	separe	separas	separa	separam	separatz	separan
	imperfect	separava	separavas	separava	separàvam	separàvatz	separavan
	preterite	separei	separeras	separet	separèram	separèratz	separeran
	future	separarai	separaràs	separará	separarem	separaretz	separarán
	conditional	separariá	separariàs	separariá	separariam	separariatz	separarián
	conditional 2nd form1	separèra	separèras	separèra	separeram	separeratz	separèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	separe	separes	separe	separem	separetz	separen
	imperfect	separèsse	separèsses	separèsse	separèssem	separèssetz	separèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			separa		separem	separatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		separar			aver separat
gerund		separant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		separat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	separe	separes	separa	separam	separatz	separan
	imperfect	separavi	separavas	separava	separàvem	separàvetz	separavan
	preterite	separère	separères	separèt	separeriam	separeriatz	separèron
	future	separarai	separaràs	separarà	separarem	separaretz	separaràn
	conditional	separariáu	separariás	separariá	separariam	separariatz	separarián
	conditional 2nd form1	separèra	separèras	separèra	separeram	separeratz	separèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	separe	separes	separe	separem	separetz	separan
	imperfect	separèsse	separèsses	separèsse	separessiam	separessiatz	separèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			separa		separem	separatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Derived terms

• separable
• separacion
• separatisme
• separatista
• separator

 

Further reading

• Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 635.

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin separāre. Cf. the inherited dialectal/archaic xebrar, still used in Galicia.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /se.paˈɾa(ʁ)/ [se.paˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /se.paˈɾa(ʁ)/ [se.paˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /se.paˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /se.paˈɾa(ʁ)/ [se.paˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /se.paˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɨ.pɐˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɨ.pɐˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɨ.pɐˈɾa.ɾi/

• (Portugal, natural speech) IPA^(key): [spɐˈɾaɾ]
• Hyphenation: se‧pa‧rar

Verb

separar (first-person singular present separo, first-person singular preterite separei, past participle separado)

1. (transitive) to separate
   • 2011, Edelvino Razzolini Filho, Administração da Pequena e Média Empresa, IESDE Brasil S.A., →ISBN, page 44:

     Convém, aqui, lembrar o ditado popular: amigos, amigos; negócios à parte. Caso o empreendedor saiba separar a amizade dos negócios, certamente estará em melhores condições para o sucesso.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (transitive, intransitive or pronominal) to divorce (to dissolve a marriage) [with de ‘of someone’]

   Synonym: divorciar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of separar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	separar
Personal	separar	separares	separar	separarmos	separardes	separarem
Gerund
	separando
Past participle
Masculine	separado			separados
Feminine	separada			separadas
Indicative
Present	separo	separas	separa	separamos	separais	separam
Imperfect	separava	separavas	separava	separávamos	separáveis	separavam
Preterite	separei	separaste	separou	separamos1, separámos2	separastes	separaram
Pluperfect	separara	separaras	separara	separáramos	separáreis	separaram
Future	separarei	separarás	separará	separaremos	separareis	separarão
Conditional	separaria	separarias	separaria	separaríamos	separaríeis	separariam
Subjunctive
Present	separe	separes	separe	separemos	separeis	separem
Imperfect	separasse	separasses	separasse	separássemos	separásseis	separassem
Future	separar	separares	separar	separarmos	separardes	separarem
Imperative
Affirmative		separa	separe	separemos	separai	separem
Negative (não)		não separes	não separe	não separemos	não separeis	não separem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• separação

 

Further reading

• “separar”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
• “separar”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
• “separar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “separar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “separar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
• “separar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin separāre. Cf. the inherited Old Spanish xebrar, exebrar, dessebrar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sepaˈɾaɾ/ [se.paˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: se‧pa‧rar

Verb

separar (first-person singular present separo, first-person singular preterite separé, past participle separado)

1. (transitive) to separate, to detach (to disunite from a group or mass; to disconnect)

   Synonym: apartar

   Separó los huevos en diferentes tamaños.

   He separated the eggs into different sizes.

2. (transitive) to break up, to split up (a couple or group that the subject of the sentence is not a part of)

   Cariño, ¡despierta! Tu madre siempre ha estado tratando de separarnos.

   Babe, wake up! Your mother has always been trying to break us up.

3. (reflexive) to break up, to split up, to separate (e.g. a relationship, a band, a fight)
4. (pronominal) to split off, to split up, to split apart, to separate
5. (pronominal) to part, to detach

   separarse de ― to detach from

6. (reflexive) to detach (oneself)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of separar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			separar
gerund			separando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		separado		separada
		plural		separados		separadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	separo	separastú separásvos	separa	separamos	separáis	separan
	imperfect	separaba	separabas	separaba	separábamos	separabais	separaban
	preterite	separé	separaste	separó	separamos	separasteis	separaron
	future	separaré	separarás	separará	separaremos	separaréis	separarán
	conditional	separaría	separarías	separaría	separaríamos	separaríais	separarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	separe	separestú separésvos2	separe	separemos	separéis	separen
	imperfect (ra)	separara	separaras	separara	separáramos	separarais	separaran
	imperfect (se)	separase	separases	separase	separásemos	separaseis	separasen
	future1	separare	separares	separare	separáremos	separareis	separaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		separatú separávos	separe	separemos	separad	separen
	negative		no separes	no separe	no separemos	no separéis	no separen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of separar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive separar
	dative	separarme	separarte	separarle, separarse	separarnos	separaros	separarles, separarse
	accusative	separarme	separarte	separarlo, separarla, separarse	separarnos	separaros	separarlos, separarlas, separarse
with gerund separando
	dative	separándome	separándote	separándole, separándose	separándonos	separándoos	separándoles, separándose
	accusative	separándome	separándote	separándolo, separándola, separándose	separándonos	separándoos	separándolos, separándolas, separándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative separa
	dative	sepárame	sepárate	sepárale	sepáranos	not used	sepárales
	accusative	sepárame	sepárate	sepáralo, sepárala	sepáranos	not used	sepáralos, sepáralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative separá
	dative	separame	separate	separale	separanos	not used	separales
	accusative	separame	separate	separalo, separala	separanos	not used	separalos, separalas
with formal second-person singular imperative separe
	dative	sepáreme	not used	sepárele, sepárese	sepárenos	not used	sepáreles
	accusative	sepáreme	not used	sepárelo, sepárela, sepárese	sepárenos	not used	sepárelos, sepárelas
with first-person plural imperative separemos
	dative	not used	separémoste	separémosle	separémonos	separémoos	separémosles
	accusative	not used	separémoste	separémoslo, separémosla	separémonos	separémoos	separémoslos, separémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative separad
	dative	separadme	not used	separadle	separadnos	separaos	separadles
	accusative	separadme	not used	separadlo, separadla	separadnos	separaos	separadlos, separadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative separen
	dative	sepárenme	not used	sepárenle	sepárennos	not used	sepárenles, sepárense
	accusative	sepárenme	not used	sepárenlo, sepárenla	sepárennos	not used	sepárenlos, sepárenlas, sepárense

Derived terms

• separarse

 

Related terms

• separable
• separación
• separadamente
• separado
• separador
• separatismo
• separatista
• separativo

 

Further reading

• “separar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28