sima
English edit
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -aɪmə
Etymology 1 edit
From the Ancient Greek σιμός (simós, “bent upwards”).
Noun edit
sima (plural simas)
- (architecture) The upturned edge of a roof which acts as a gutter; a cyma.
Etymology 2 edit
Coined by Eduard Suess in 1909, in Das Antlitz der Erde, as a blend of silicon + magnesium.[1]
Noun edit
sima (uncountable)
- (geology) The lower layer of the earth's outer crust that underlies the sial and is rich in silica, iron, and magnesium.
Coordinate terms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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See also edit
References edit
- ^ Eduard Suess (1909), “Vierter Theil, Vierundzwanzigster Abschnitt: Die Tiefen”, in Das Antlitz der Erde (in German), volume 3.2, Wien: F. Tempsky, →OCLC, page 626:
- Wir nehmen ferner drei Zonen oder Hüllen als maassgebend für die Beschaffenheit der Erde an, u. zw. die Barysphäre oder das Nife (Ni-Fe), ferner Sima (Si-Mg) und Sial (Si-Al). Diese Theilung unterscheidet sich von der Classification, die von hervorragenden americanischen Petrographen vorgeschlagen wurde, durch die Abtrennung der metallischen Barysphäre (Nife).
- We further assume the existence of three zones or envelopes as determining the structure of the earth, namely, the barysphere or the Nife (Ni-Fe), Sima (Si-Mg), and Sial (Si-Al). This division differs from the classification which has been proposed by distinguished American petrographers, in the separation of the metallic barysphere (Nife).
- Wir nehmen ferner drei Zonen oder Hüllen als maassgebend für die Beschaffenheit der Erde an, u. zw. die Barysphäre oder das Nife (Ni-Fe), ferner Sima (Si-Mg) und Sial (Si-Al). Diese Theilung unterscheidet sich von der Classification, die von hervorragenden americanischen Petrographen vorgeschlagen wurde, durch die Abtrennung der metallischen Barysphäre (Nife).
Anagrams edit
Azerbaijani edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sima (definite accusative simanı, plural simalar)
Declension edit
Declension of sima | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | sima |
simalar | ||||||
definite accusative | simanı |
simaları | ||||||
dative | simaya |
simalara | ||||||
locative | simada |
simalarda | ||||||
ablative | simadan |
simalardan | ||||||
definite genitive | simanın |
simaların |
Further reading edit
- “sima” in Obastan.com.
Cebuano edit
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: si‧ma
Noun edit
sima
Derived terms edit
Ese edit
Noun edit
sima
- needle (usually made from flying fox bone)
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *sima, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *saimaz (compare German Seim (“syrup”), Old Norse seimr (“honeycomb”)). The original meaning was “mead”, but the common meaning now refers to a different beverage, albeit one that is ultimately developed from mead.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sima
- a nonalcoholic or low-alcohol drink made from lemon, various sugars and water, common around vappu (May Day)
- (dated) mead
Declension edit
Inflection of sima (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | sima | simat | ||
genitive | siman | simojen | ||
partitive | simaa | simoja | ||
illative | simaan | simoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | sima | simat | ||
accusative | nom. | sima | simat | |
gen. | siman | |||
genitive | siman | simojen simainrare | ||
partitive | simaa | simoja | ||
inessive | simassa | simoissa | ||
elative | simasta | simoista | ||
illative | simaan | simoihin | ||
adessive | simalla | simoilla | ||
ablative | simalta | simoilta | ||
allative | simalle | simoille | ||
essive | simana | simoina | ||
translative | simaksi | simoiksi | ||
abessive | simatta | simoitta | ||
instructive | — | simoin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Synonyms edit
- (mead): hunajaviini
Further reading edit
- “sima”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams edit
French edit
Noun edit
sima m (plural simas)
Further reading edit
- “sima”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Garo edit
Noun edit
sima
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
Uncertain. Either derived from regional simik (“to slide”), or from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries).[1][2]
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sima (comparative simább, superlative legsimább)
- smooth, sleek (having a texture that lacks friction)
- Antonym: érdes
- 1984–1985, Tivadar Vida, “Újabb adatok az avarkori...”, in A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve[2], number 2:
- A fekete kerámiák felülete sima, kissé nyers tapintású.
- The surface of black ceramics is smooth, somewhat raw to the touch.
- flat, even, smooth (of land, road or ground, lacking elevations or protuberances)
- 2006, “Űrszonda az ltokawa kisbolygónál”, in Meteor[3], volume 36, number 9:
- A sziklákkal borított terület és a sima síkság átmenete.
- It is a transition between a terrain covered with rocks and a flat plain.
- smooth (of a body of water, without ripples or waves)
- 1859, Arnold Vértesi, “Sanpietro”, in Történeti beszélyek, volume II:
- Csendes volt a tenger, egy sima víztükör, melyen az ég képe ragyogott.
- The sea was calm, a smooth water surface on which the sky's reflection was shining.
- smooth (pleasant to the senses, especially of sounds or tastes)
- 1994, “Király Ernő”, in György Székely, Margit Török, editors, Magyar színházművészeti lexikon:
- Eredeti játékstílusa, sima, kellemesen csengő hangja újdonságként hatott.
- His original acting style and his smooth, pleasant voice came as a novelty.
- plain (not having any pattern, print or decoration)
- 2013, Mats Strandberg, Sara Bergmark Elfgren, chapter 77, in Vanda Péteri, transl., Engelsfors, volume II:
- Arcán semmi festék, és egy sima fekete ruhát visel.
- There's no paint on her face, and she's wearing a plain black dress.
- blank (of paper, without any printed grid or lines)
- Coordinate terms: négyzethálós, kockás, vonalas
- 2011, Kata Finta, Életem regénye[4], volume II:
- Nagy, sima füzetben térképeket kellett rajzolnunk.
- We had to draw maps in a big blank notebook.
- plain, regular, ordinary (out of several varieties, the basic one without anything extra)
- 2013, Éva Fejős, “Anisette”, in Most kezdődik:
- Hát... töltetlent. Vagy töltöttet. Mandulást. Vagy mogyoróst. Vagy simát.
- Well... without filling. Or with filling. With almonds. Or nuts. Or plain.
- continuous, smooth, unbroken (of a motion, without interruption)
- 1908, Géza Csáth, “Jolán”, in A varázsló kertje[5]:
- A mozdulatai éppen olyan simák és puhák, mint azelőtt.
- Her movements are just as smooth and soft as before.
- (figurative) smooth, simple, easy (without difficulty, problems or unexpected incidents)
- 2009, András Jenei, chapter VII, in Nyeregben a Konstantin-kereszt[6]:
- De, sima ügynek indult, de aztán reanimálás lett a vége.
- Yes, it had started out as a simple case, but then it ended in CPR.
- (knitting) knit (of a stitch, passing through the previous loop from below, creating a V-shape)
- Antonym: fordított
- 1982, József Méliusz, Tranzit kávéház:
- Egy sima, egy fordított, egy sima, egy fordított.
- Knit one, purl one, knit one, purl one.
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | sima | simák |
accusative | simát | simákat |
dative | simának | simáknak |
instrumental | simával | simákkal |
causal-final | simáért | simákért |
translative | simává | simákká |
terminative | simáig | simákig |
essive-formal | simaként | simákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | simában | simákban |
superessive | simán | simákon |
adessive | simánál | simáknál |
illative | simába | simákba |
sublative | simára | simákra |
allative | simához | simákhoz |
elative | simából | simákból |
delative | simáról | simákról |
ablative | simától | simáktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
simáé | simáké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
simáéi | simákéi |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ sima in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ Bárczi, Géza. Magyar szófejtő szótár (’Hungarian Etymological Dictionary’). Trezor Kiadó, 1991. →ISBN
Further reading edit
- sima in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Iban edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sima
- navel (of a snake)
Indonesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from English sima (“lower layer of Earth's outer crust”), blend of silicon + magnesium.
Noun edit
sima (first-person possessive simaku, second-person possessive simamu, third-person possessive simanya)
- (geology) sima: The lower layer of the earth's outer crust that underlies the sial and is rich in silica, iron, and magnesium.
Alternative forms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Learned borrowing from Old Javanese sīma, from Sanskrit सीमा (sīmā, “limit, bounds, frontier”).
Noun edit
sima (plural sima-sima, first-person possessive simaku, second-person possessive simamu, third-person possessive simanya)
- (archaeology) territory that is made or has a holy place and is exempt from taxes
- Synonym: perdikan
Further reading edit
- “sima” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Jamamadí edit
Noun edit
sima
- (Banawá) sister
References edit
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Latin edit
Adjective edit
sīma
- inflection of sīmus:
Adjective edit
sīmā
References edit
- “sima”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- sima in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “sima”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia[7]
- “sima”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
Malay edit
Etymology edit
Either from English sima or a blend of silikon (“silicon”) + magnesium.
Noun edit
sima
Further reading edit
- “sima” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Old English edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *sīmô (“rope, cord”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁i- (“to tie, bind”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sīma m
Declension edit
References edit
- Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “sīma”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Unknown.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sima f (plural simas)
- abyss, chasm
- Synonyms: abismo, precipicio
- 2021 August 26, Eva Saiz, “Los desenterradores de la memoria en la fosa de Pico Reja”, in El País[8]:
- Pasan casi tan desapercibidas como lo estuvo durante ocho décadas esta sima en la que se arrojaron centenares de cadáveres de represaliados durante el verano de 1936 y la posguerra franquista.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Further reading edit
- “sima”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swahili edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Noun edit
sima (n class, plural sima)
Tagalog edit
Pronunciation 1 edit
Noun edit
simà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜋ)
- quill or feather at the end of an arrowshaft
- barb (projecting backward from the main point of a fishhook, harpoon, arrow, etc.)
Pronunciation 2 edit
Noun edit
simâ (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜋ)
- (fishing) small, triangularly framed dip net (used for catching shrimp and fish from a fish shelter)
- (fishing) cover pot for catching fish (similar to a salakab)
- (fishing) catching of shrimp and fish with such a tool
Derived terms edit
Tumbuka edit
Noun edit
sima class 9 (plural sima class 10)
- nshima (porridge made from maize or sorghum)
Veps edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *siima.
Noun edit
sima
Inflection edit
Inflection of sima (inflection type 5/sana) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | sima | ||
genitive sing. | siman | ||
partitive sing. | simad | ||
partitive plur. | simoid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | sima | simad | |
accusative | siman | simad | |
genitive | siman | simoiden | |
partitive | simad | simoid | |
essive-instructive | siman | simoin | |
translative | simaks | simoikš | |
inessive | simas | simoiš | |
elative | simaspäi | simoišpäi | |
illative | simaha | simoihe | |
adessive | simal | simoil | |
ablative | simalpäi | simoilpäi | |
allative | simale | simoile | |
abessive | simata | simoita | |
comitative | simanke | simoidenke | |
prolative | simadme | simoidme | |
approximative I | simanno | simoidenno | |
approximative II | simannoks | simoidennoks | |
egressive | simannopäi | simoidennopäi | |
terminative I | simahasai | simoihesai | |
terminative II | simalesai | simoilesai | |
terminative III | simassai | — | |
additive I | simahapäi | simoihepäi | |
additive II | simalepäi | simoilepäi |
References edit
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “леска”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
Yámana edit
Noun edit
sima