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曲

See also: 麹, 麯, 典, and 麴
曲 U+66F2, 曲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66F2
← 曱
[U+66F1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 曳 →
[U+66F3]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

曲 (radical 73, 曰+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿田 (TW) or 廿月金 (TBC) or X廿田 (XTW), four-corner 55600)

Derived charactersEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 502, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14280
  • Dae Jaweon: page 873, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1484, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+66F2

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 曲

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 曲
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Ideogram (指事) – a bent object.

Also simplified from 麴 via the variant character 麯.

Etymology 1Edit

Pronunciation 1Edit

Note:
  • khiok - literary;
  • khiak/khek/khak - vernacular;
  • khiau - 蹺 used in the Mainland.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 曲
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ ～折
/t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ 大～
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰy²¹/ 彎～
/t͡ɕʰy¹³/ 歌～
Jinan /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰy¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰy³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/
/t͡ɕʰy³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiu³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
/t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiuʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiu⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰiəu²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰiəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiuʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kʰiuk̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰok̚⁵/
Nanning /kʰuk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kʰuk̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kʰiɔk̚³²/
/kʰik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kʰy²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰek̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /xok̚⁵/ ～調
/xiak̚⁵/
Rime
Character 曲
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 燭 (8)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 丘玉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰɨok̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰiok̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰiok̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰuawk̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰiok̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰĭwok̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰi̯wok̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qu
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 曲
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khjowk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰ(r)ok/
English to bend

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 曲
Reading # 1/1
No. 10578
Phonetic
component 		曲
Rime
group 		屋
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		曲
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰoɡ/
DefinitionsEdit

曲

 
Wikipedia has an article on:
• 曲姓
  1. not straight; bent
    1. twisting
    2. curved
      曲線 / 曲线  ―  qūxiàn  ―  curve
    3. crooked
  2. wrong; not right
  3. A surname​.
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 曲

Pronunciation 2Edit

Note:
  • khiok - literary;
  • khiak/khek - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Dialectal data▼
    Variety Location 曲
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴/
    Harbin /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ ～折
    /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ 大～
    Tianjin /t͡ɕʰy²¹/ 彎～
    /t͡ɕʰy¹³/ 歌～
    Jinan /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
    Qingdao /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
    Xining /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰy¹³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰy³¹/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/
    /t͡ɕʰy³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/
    Kunming /t͡ɕʰiu³¹/
    Nanjing /t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/
    Hefei /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
    /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/
    Suzhou /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
    Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰo²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiuʔ²¹/
    Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiu⁵/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰiəu²⁴/
    Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰiəɯ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiuʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /kʰiuk̚¹/
    Taoyuan
    Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰok̚⁵/
    Nanning /kʰuk̚⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /kʰuk̚⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kʰiɔk̚³²/
    /kʰik̚³²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰuɔʔ²³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kʰy²⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰek̚²/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /xok̚⁵/ ～調
    /xiak̚⁵/
    Rime
    Character 曲
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
    Final (韻) 燭 (8)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 丘玉切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kʰɨok̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʰiok̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kʰiok̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kʰuawk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/kʰiok̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/kʰĭwok̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/kʰi̯wok̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		qu
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 曲
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		qū
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ khjowk ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʰ(r)ok/
    English to bend

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 曲
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 10578
    Phonetic
    component         		曲
    Rime
    group         		屋
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		曲
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʰoɡ/
    DefinitionsEdit

    曲

    1. song
      歌曲  ―  gēqǔ  ―  song
      曲調 / 曲调  ―  qǔdiào  ―  melody
    SynonymsEdit
    CompoundsEdit
    Derived terms from 曲

    Etymology 2Edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of 曲 – see 麴 (“yeast; alcoholic beverage; etc.”).
    (This character, 曲, is the simplified form of 麴.)
    Notes:

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    曲

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. Song
    2. Bent,curved

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds


    Kanji in this term
    曲
    きょく
    Grade: 3
    on’yomi

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    曲 (hiragana きょく, rōmaji kyoku)

    1. a piece of music

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    曲 • (gok) (hangeul 곡)

    1. bent, crooked
    2. false, wrong
    3. a piece of music

    CompoundsEdit

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    曲 (khúc)

    1. Being bent
    2. A bend, bent object(s), bent and/or tight places (鄉曲: small/tiny rural area/village)
    3. Being flexible. 曲為之說: apologize for other people in a fluent way.
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