vika

See also: víka and вика

English

Etymology

Via Pijin from Vangunu, a Solomon Islands language

Noun

vika (plural vikas)

1. A large, tree-dwelling rodent (Uromys vika) found in the Solomon Islands

   Synonym: Vangunu giant rat

Translations

rodent

• German: Vangunu-Riesenratte

References

• Uromys vika on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Uromys vika on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Uromys on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Anagrams

• Vaik, kiva

Esperanto

Alternative forms

• viĉa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvika]
• Rhymes: -ika
• Hyphenation: vi‧ka

Adjective

vika (accusative singular vikan, plural vikaj, accusative plural vikajn)

1. Wiccan

Related terms

• vikano (“a Wiccan”)
• Viko (“Wicca”)

 

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈviːka/
• Rhymes: -iːka

Noun

vika f (genitive singular viku, plural vikur)

1. week

Declension

Declension of vika
f1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vika	vikan	vikur	vikurnar
accusative	viku	vikuna	vikur	vikurnar
dative	viku	vikuni	vikum	vikunum
genitive	viku	vikunnar	vika	vikanna

Derived terms

• vikuskifti (“weekend”)

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋikɑ]
• Rhymes: -ikɑ
• Syllabification^(key): vi‧ka

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *vika, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *swiką. Cognate with Estonian viga.

Noun

vika

1. flaw, malfunction, failure, problem

   Koneessa on vika.

   There is a malfunction in the machine.

   Kun hän näki vian, hän vain kohautti olkapäitään ja alkoi korjata sitä.

   When he saw the problem, he just shrugged and started fixing it.

2. fault

   Se on sinun vikasi.

   It is your fault.

3. stain or flaw in character
4. wrong (adjectival)

   Älä valita! Ruoassasi ei ole mitään vikaa.

   Stop complaining! There's nothing wrong with your food.

   Kännykässäni on jotain vikaa.

   Something is wrong with my cellphone.

Declension

Inflection of vika (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation)
nominative		vika	viat
genitive		vian	vikojen
partitive		vikaa	vikoja
illative		vikaan	vikoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		vika	viat
accusative	nom.	vika	viat
	gen.	vian
genitive		vian	vikojen vikainrare
partitive		vikaa	vikoja
inessive		viassa	vioissa
elative		viasta	vioista
illative		vikaan	vikoihin
adessive		vialla	vioilla
ablative		vialta	vioilta
allative		vialle	vioille
essive		vikana	vikoina
translative		viaksi	vioiksi
instructive		—	vioin
abessive		viatta	vioitta
comitative		—	vikoineen

Possessive forms of vika (type kala)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	vikani	vikamme
2nd person	vikasi	vikanne
3rd person	vikansa

Derived terms

• viallinen
• vikaantua
• vioittaa

Compounds

compounds

• jalkavika
• kehitysvika
• konevika
• kulumisvika
• kuulovika
• käsivika
• laatuvika
• linjavika
• lonkkavika
• läppävika
• moottorivika
• pikkuvika
• pintavika
• puhevika
• purentavika
• rakennevika
• ryhtivika
• selkävika
• sukuvika
• sydänhermovika
• sydänvika
• syntymävika
• sähkövika
• tekovika
• valmistusvika
• valuvika
• vikahälytys
• vikailmoitus
• vikakierre
• vikapaikka
• vikapisto
• vikapää
• vikasieto
• vikasietoisuus
• vikasoitto
• vikatiheys
• vikatikki
• vikatilanne
• vikatilasto
• värivika
• ässävika

Etymology 2

Clipping of viimeinen (“last”). See also -ka.

Adjective

vika

1. (colloquial) last

   Vikana hypännyt häviää.

   The one that jumps last loses.

Declension

Inflection of vika (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		vika	vikat
genitive		vikan	vikojen
partitive		vikaa	vikoja
illative		vikaan	vikoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		vika	vikat
accusative	nom.	vika	vikat
	gen.	vikan
genitive		vikan	vikojen vikainrare
partitive		vikaa	vikoja
inessive		vikassa	vikoissa
elative		vikasta	vikoista
illative		vikaan	vikoihin
adessive		vikalla	vikoilla
ablative		vikalta	vikoilta
allative		vikalle	vikoille
essive		vikana	vikoina
translative		vikaksi	vikoiksi
instructive		—	vikoin
abessive		vikatta	vikoitta
comitative		—	vikoine

Possessive forms of vika (type kala)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	vikani	vikamme
2nd person	vikasi	vikanne
3rd person	vikansa

Anagrams

• kiva

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɪːka/
• Rhymes: -ɪːka

Noun

vika f (genitive singular viku, nominative plural vikur)

1. week

Declension

declension of vika

f-w1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vika	vikan	vikur	vikurnar
accusative	viku	vikuna	vikur	vikurnar
dative	viku	vikunni	vikum	vikunum
genitive	viku	vikunnar	vikna	viknanna

Derived terms

• vikulega
• vikulegur
• vikudagur
• dymbilvika
• kyrravika
• dymbildagavika
• páskavika

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vika. Cognates include Finnish vika and Estonian viga.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋikɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋiɡ̊ɑ]
• Rhymes: -ikɑ
• Hyphenation: vi‧ka

Noun

vika

1. fault
2. bad habit
3. handicap (physical disability)

Declension

Declension of vika (type 3/kana, k- gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	vika	viat
genitive	vian	vikkoin
partitive	vikkaa	vikoja
illative	vikkaa	vikkoi
inessive	vias	viois
elative	viast	vioist
allative	vialle	vioille
adessive	vial	vioil
ablative	vialt	vioilt
translative	viaks	vioiks
essive	vikanna, vikkaan	vikoinna, vikkoin
exessive1)	vikant	vikoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 664

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• viken

Noun

vika m or f

1. definite feminine singular of vik

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse víkin f, definite form of Old Norse vík f.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʋiːc͡çɑ], [ˈʋiːçɑ], [ˈʋiːkɑ]

Noun

vika f

1. definite singular of vik

Etymology 2

From Old Norse vika (“week”), from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ (“turn, succession”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind”). Related to Proto-Germanic *wīkaną (“to bend, yield”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [²ʋɪːkɑ], [²ʋɪkːɑ], [²ʋɪkɑ], /²vɪˑka/

Noun

vika f (definite singular vika, indefinite plural viker or vikor, definite plural vikene or vikone)

1. a week; (pre-1938) alternative form of veke

Etymology 3

From Old Norse víka, víkja, víkva.

Alternative forms

• (weak verb): vikja

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [²ʋiːkɑ]

Verb

vika (present tense vik, past tense veik, supine vike, past participle viken, present participle vikande, imperative vik)

1. (intransitive) to give away, yield
2. (intransitive) to look away, turn aside, waver
3. (intransitive) to recede, retreat
4. (intransitive) to depart, go away, leave

References

• “vika” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “vika” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).

Noun

vika f

1. week

Declension

  Declension of vika (weak ōn-stem)

feminine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vika	vikan	vikur	vikurnar
accusative	viku	vikuna	vikur	vikurnar
dative	viku	vikunni	vikum	vikunum
genitive	viku	vikunnar	vikna	viknanna

Descendants

• Icelandic: vika
• Faroese: vika
• Norn: voga
• Norwegian Nynorsk: veke, vika
• Norwegian: (dialectal) viku, vyku, vuku, væka
• Jamtish: vuku
• Elfdalian: wiku
• Westrobothnian: viku
• Old Swedish: vika
  • Swedish: vecka
• Old Danish: uka, uku, wiku
  • Scanian: uga
  • Danish: uge
    • Norwegian Bokmål: uke
• Old Gutnish: wika
  • Gutnish: vike, vika, viku, vikå

References

• “vika”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ.

Noun

vika f

1. week

Declension

Declension of vika (on-stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vika	vikan	viku(r), -o(r)	vikuna(r), -ona(r)
accusative	viku, -o	vikuna, -ona	viku(r), -o(r)	vikuna(r), -ona(r)
dative	viku, -o	vikunni, -onne	vikum, -om	vikumin, -omen
genitive	viku, -o	vikunna(r), -onna(r)	vika	vikanna

Descendants

• Swedish: vecka

Etymology 2

From Old Norse víkja, from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną.

Verb

vīka

1. to move, to change direction
2. to fold
3. to retreat
4. to yield

Declension

Conjugation of vīka (strong)

	present			past
infinitive	vīka			—
participle	vīkandi, vīkande			vikin
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	vīker	vīki, vīke	—	vēk	viki, vike
þū	vīker	vīki, vīke	vīk	vēkt	viki, vike
han	vīker	vīki, vīke	—	vēk	viki, vike
vīr	vīkum, vīkom	vīkum, vīkom	vīkum, vīkom	vikum, vikom	vikum, vikom
īr	vīkin	vīkin	vīkin	vikin	vikin
þēr	vīka	vīkin	—	viku, -o	vikin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	—	—	—	—	—
þū	—	—	—	—	—
han	—	—	—	—	—
vīr	—	—	—	—	—
īr	—	—	—	—	—
þēr	—	—	—	—	—

Descendants

• Swedish: vika

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋîka/
• Hyphenation: vi‧ka

Noun

vȉka f (Cyrillic spelling ви̏ка)

1. shouting, screaming

Declension

Declension of vika

	singular	plural
nominative	vȉka	vike
genitive	vike	vika
dative	vȉci	vikama
accusative	viku	vike
vocative	viko	vike
locative	vȉci	vikama
instrumental	vikom	vikama

Related terms

• vikati

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish vīka, from Old Norse víkja, víkva, from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną.

The adverb in the phrase ge vika comes from Low German wike/weke gewen, where the noun wike means concession, escape. Compare German weichen.

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Verb

vika (present viker, preterite vek, supine vikt or vikit, imperative vik)

1. to fold

   De vikte tvätt

   They were folding laundry

2. (colloquial) to dedicate (time), to designate a period of time for a certain action

   Jag viker en dag åt mässan.

   I am dedicating a day to the expo.

3. (colloquial) to dedicate, to set aside for a special person or a special use

   De här kakorna har jag vikt åt stackars Tom – rör dem inte!

   These cookies I have put aside for poor Tom – don't touch them!

4. (reflexive) to give up, to give in (under pressure)

   Mona Sahlin viker sig inte i första taget.

   Mona Sahlin doesn't give up easily.

5. (reflexive) to bend (by laughing too much)

   De skrattade så att de vek sig.

   They were rolling on the floor laughing.

6. (reflexive) to sleep, to go to bed

   Jag går och viker mig.

   I'm going to go to bed.

7. (transitive) (viker ut) to unfold, to open a foldout
8. (reflexive) (viker ut) to expose oneself as a (nude) centerfold, to appear (nude) in a magazine or online

   Ungdomar viker ut sig som aldrig förr.

   Youngsters expose themselves like never before.

Conjugation

Conjugation of vika (class 1 strong)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	vika		vikas
Supine	vikt, vikit		vikts, vikits
Imperative	vik		—
Imper. plural1	viken		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	viker	vek	viks, vikes	veks
Ind. plural1	vika	veko	vikas	vekos
Subjunctive2	vike	veke	vikes	vekes
	Participles
Present participle	vikande
Past participle	viken
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• vika ihop (“fold up, fold”)

Related terms

• veck
• vik
• vikning
• ovikt

See also

• veckla

Adverb

vika

1. (in the expression: ge vika) to give way, to give in, to fold (under pressure)

   De föll fem meter när golvet gav vika

   They fell five meters when the floor gave way

   De gav vika för barnens tjat

   They gave in to their children's nagging

   Han blev tvungen att ge vika för deras vilja

   He was forced to give in to their will

   Muren började ge vika för murbräckan

   The wall was starting to give way to the battering ram

Further reading

• vika in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• vika in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• vika in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• kiva

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vika.

Pronunciation

• (Luuditsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈvikɑ/, [ˈvikɑ]
• Rhymes: -ikɑ
• Hyphenation: vi‧ka

Noun

vika

1. disease
2. fault, mistake, error

Inflection

Declension of vika (type III/jalkõ, k-g gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	vika	vigad
genitive	viga	vikoje, vikojõ, vikoi
partitive	vikka	vikoitõ, vikoi
illative	vikka, vikkasõ	vikoje, vikojõ, vikoisõ
inessive	vigaz	vikoiz
elative	vigassõ	vikoissõ
allative	vigalõ	vikoilõ
adessive	vigallõ	vikoillõ
ablative	vigaltõ	vikoiltõ
translative	vigassi	vikoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “vika”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-vika^?

1. (transitive) to avoid

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.