Wiktionary

wie

See also: Wie, wië, and wîe

Acehnese

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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wie

  1. left (direction)

References

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch wie.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /vi/
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

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wie

  1. (interrogative, personal) who, whom (object use predominantly with vir)
    Coordinate term: (non-personal) wat
    Wie het jou gesien? ― Who saw you?
    (Vir) wie het jy gesien? ― Whom did you see?
  2. (relative, personal, after prepositions) whom
    Synonyms: (also non-personal) waar-, (with stranded preposition) wat
    die man met wie ek gespreek het ― the man with whom I spoke
  3. (relative, personal, before se) whose
    Coordinate term: (non-personal) wat
    die man wie se vrou dood is ― the man whose wife died

Usage notes

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  • For speakers of Dutch there is a rather simple rule for the use of Afrikaans relative pronouns: Where Dutch uses wie, use the same. Where Dutch uses die, dat, wat, waar, use wat. In possessive constructions use wie se with persons and wat se with things.
  • Relative wie with a personal referent in contexts other than the above-mentioned does occasionally occur. However, this is considered nonstandard and an anglicism.

See also

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Afrikaans interrogative and relative pronouns
interrogative relative
personal other personal other
subject / object wie wat wat
possessive wie se wat se wie se wat se
with
preposition 		prepositioned met wie met wat met wie —
stranded — wat … mee wat … mee
adverbial waarmee waarmee

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch wie, from Old Dutch wie, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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wie

  1. (interrogative, subjective or objective) who, whom
    Wie is daar? ― Who’s there?
    Wie heb jij gezien? ― Whom did you see?
  2. (relative, subjective or objective) who, whom; the one who, whoever
    Wie dit leest is geletterd. ― The one who reads this is literate.
    De receptionist aan wie ik het pakket heb afgegeven, werkte er pas net.
    The receptionist to whom I handed over the parcel had only recently started working there.

Usage notes

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  • In Dutch it is entirely standard and common to construe wie with a plural verb if the speaker expects the answer to encompass several persons. For example: Wie hebben dit gedaan? (literally “Who have done this?”).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: wie
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: wi
  • Jersey Dutch: wî
  • Negerhollands: wie, awi, awidi, widi

Anagrams

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German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German wie, a merger of two interrelated forms: 1.) Old High German hwio, from older hwēo, from Proto-Germanic *hwaiwa; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (ƕaiwa). 2.) Old High German hwē, hwie, from Proto-Germanic *hwē; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌴 (ƕē). The latter is a variant of Proto-Germanic *hwī, whence English why, and is further a fossilized instrumental case of *hwaz, *hwat (“who, what”). Form 1 is also related to this stem. Outside of High German the only direct modern cognate is Limburgish wie.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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wie

  1. how
    Wie groß bist du?
    How tall are you?
    Ich weiß nicht, wie die Katze hereingekommen ist.
    I don't know how the cat got in.
    Wie wunderbar!
    How wonderful!
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Conjunction

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wie

  1. like
    Freunde sind wie Sterne in der Nacht.
    Friends are like stars in the night.
  2. as
    Wie ihr wisst, bin ich in Dortmund aufgewachsen.
    As you know, I grew up in Dortmund.
    Ich bin so schnell wie du.
    I’m as fast as you are.
  3. (colloquial, nonstandard, especially Southern Germany, Austria) than
    Synonym: (standard) als
    Der Junge ist größer wie sein Vater.
    The boy is taller than his father.
  4. (chiefly colloquial, especially Austria) when (referring to the past)
    Synonym: als
    Ich hab ihn gesehen, wie ich in Köln war.
    I saw him when I was in Cologne.
    Wie ich zur Tür herauskomme, steht da mein alter Schulfreund.
    When I came out the door, my old school-day friend was standing in front of me.

Further reading

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Hunsrik

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Alternative forms

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  • wii (Wiesemann spelling system)

Etymology

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From Middle High German wie, a merger of two interrelated forms: 1.) Old High German hwio, from older hwēo, from Proto-Germanic *hwaiwa; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (ƕaiwa). 2.) Old High German hwē, hwie, from Proto-Germanic *hwē; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌴 (ƕē). The latter is a variant of Proto-Germanic *hwī, whence English why, and is further a fossilized instrumental case of *hwaz, *hwat (“who, what”). Form 1 is also related to this stem.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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wie

  1. how
    Wie schreibd-ma das?
    How do you spell that?
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Conjunction

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wie

  1. like
    Sie brilld wie en Kind.
    She cries like a child.
  2. as
  3. than
    Er is schun greser wie ich.
    He's already bigger than me.
  4. when (referring to the past)
    Wie-ich en Kind waar
    When I was a child

Synonyms

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  • (when, than): als

Further reading

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Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch wie, from earlier wē, *hwē, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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wie

  1. who

Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle Low German

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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wie

  1. (interrogative pronoun) Alternative form of wê.
  2. (personal pronoun) Alternative form of wî.

Old Dutch

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Etymology

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From earlier wē, *hwē, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz.

Pronoun

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wie

  1. who

Alternative forms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • “wie (I)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Pennsylvania German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German wie, a merger of two interrelated forms: 1.) Old High German hwio, from older hwēo, from Proto-Germanic *hwaiwa; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (ƕaiwa). 2.) Old High German hwē, hwie, from Proto-Germanic *hwē; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌴 (ƕē). The latter is a variant of Proto-Germanic *hwī, whence English why, and is further a fossiled instrumental case of *hwaz, *hwat (“who, what”). Form 1 is also related to this stem. Compare German wie.

Adverb

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wie

  1. (interrogatory) how
    Wie weess mer as es warricklich Friehyaahr iss?
    How do we know that it really is spring?

Plautdietsch

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Etymology

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From German Low German wi, from Middle Low German wi.

Pronoun

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wie

  1. we
    Wäa wie sent.
    Who we are.

Antonyms

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See also

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Further reading

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Polish

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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wie

  1. third-person singular present of wiedzieć

Saterland Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian wī, from Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ. Cognates include West Frisian wy and German wir.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /vi/
  • Hyphenation: wie
  • Rhymes: -i

Pronoun

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wie (oblique uus)

  1. we

See also

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Saterland Frisian personal pronouns
subject case object case
stressed unstressed
singular 1st iek mie
2nd du die
3rd m hie er him
f ju ze hier
n dät et dät
plural 1st wie uus
2nd jie jou
3rd jo ze hier

References

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  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “wie”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Yola

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Preposition

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wie

  1. Alternative form of wee (“with”)
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:
      Than stalket, an gandelt, wie o! an gridane.
      Then stalked and wondered, with oh! and with grief.

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 88
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