刈

See also: 苅, xii, and XII

刈	U+5208, 刈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5208

← 切
[U+5207]

CJK Unified Ideographs

刉 →
[U+5209]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

刈 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大中弓 (KLN), four-corner 4200₀, composition ⿰乂刂)

cut off, reap, mow
sickle

Derived characters edit

苅

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1859
Dae Jaweon: page 307, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 323, character 7
Unihan data for U+5208

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		刈
alternative forms		乂苅艾𠛄𠚫乂苅艾𠛄𠚫𠛟

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (乂) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
艾	ŋaːds, ŋads
鴱	ŋaːds, ŋads
餀	*hŋaːds
刈	*ŋads
乂	*ŋads

Originally written 乂. Now phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋads) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 乂 (OC *ŋads, “to mow”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ŋa-p (“to mow, cut, reap”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).

Cognate with Tibetan རྔ་བ (rnga ba), བརྔས (brngas), and colloquial Western Tibetan རྔབ་བ (rngab ba), which Coblin (1986) and STEDT treat as more conservative.

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaai⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ngāi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yì
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Yale: yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ngaai⁶
  - Yale: ngaaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngaai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngai⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋaːi̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngāi
  - Tâi-lô: ngāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ŋãi²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋãi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋãi²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ŋãi³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋãi³³/

Middle Chinese: ngjojH

Rime
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	廢 (27)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚肺切
Baxter	ngjojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨaj^H/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐi^H/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋa[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋa[t]-s/
English	mow, cut
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
No.	14956
Phonetic component	乂
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	刈
Old Chinese	/*ŋads/

Definitions edit

刈

to mow; to cut; to weed
- 葛之覃兮、施于中谷。
  維葉莫莫、是刈是濩。
  為絺為綌、服之無斁。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  葛之覃兮、施于中谷。
  维叶莫莫、是刈是濩。
  为𫄨为绤、服之无𭣧。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Gě zhī tán xī, shī yú zhōnggǔ.
  Wéi yè mòmò, shì yì shì huò.
  Wèi chī wèi xì, fú zhī wúyì. [Pinyin]
  How the dolichos spread itself out, extending to the middle of the valley!
  Its leaves were luxuriant and dense. I cut it and I boiled it,
  And made both fine cloth and coarse, which I will wear without getting tired of it.
(obsolete) crops that have been cut
- 一春違其農，二夏食其穀，三秋取其刈，四冬凍其葆。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  一春违其农，二夏食其谷，三秋取其刈，四冬冻其葆。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Lost Book of Zhou, circa 4^th – 1^st centuries BCE
  Yī chūn wéi qí nóng, èr xià shí qí gǔ, sān qiū qǔ qí yì, sì dōng dòng qí bǎo. [Pinyin]
  First, in spring encircle their farmlands; second, in summer eat their provisions; third, in autumn seize their harvests / crops, in winter expose their stores.
(literary) sickle
- 時雨既至，挾其槍、刈、耨、鎛，以旦暮從事於田野。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  时雨既至，挟其枪、刈、耨、镈，以旦暮从事于田野。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Guoyu, circa 4^th century BCE
  Shíyǔ jì zhì, xié qí qiāng, yì, nòu, bó, yǐ dànmù cóngshì yú tiányě. [Pinyin]
  When the timely seasonal rain is just come, [they farmers] clasp their stakes, sickles, weeders, and hoes to work from dawn to dusk in the fields.
(literary) to kill; to chop; to lop
(literary) to eradicate; to eliminate
a surname

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 刈 – see 割 (“to cut; to cut off; to sever; to divide; to cut apart; to break up; to partition; to split; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 割).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.